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First Aid Interest Flashcards

1
Q

What does BUFF stand for

A

Big
Ugly
Fat
Fluffy

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2
Q

What are the 3 types of bleeding

A

Arterial
Venous
Capillary

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3
Q

What are the 4Hs

A

Hands
Hazards
Hello
Help

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4
Q

What are the 4Ws

A

What
When
Where
Why

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5
Q

When do you use the 4Ws

A

During DEMIST when handing over to the ambulance

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6
Q

When do you use Demist

A

When handing over to the ambulance

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7
Q

When there is any kind of fracture what do you do?

A

Stabilise and immobilise

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8
Q

What does MOI stand for?

A

Method
Of
Injury

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9
Q

What does STOP stand for?

A

Stop
Think
Observe
Plan

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10
Q

What does SAMPLE stand for?

A

Signs, symptoms
Allergies
Medication
Past relevant medical history
Last intake output
Events leading up

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11
Q

What does EMS stand for?

A

Emergency
Medical
Services

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12
Q

What does ESM stand for?

A

Emergency
Seen
Management

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13
Q

What is the average humans breaths per minute?

A

12-20

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14
Q

What is the average humans pulse per minute?

A

60-100

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15
Q

When handing over to EMS you use DEMIST what does this stand for?

A

Demographic
Moi
Injury’s, illness
Signs and symptoms
Treatment given

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16
Q

What does CAB stand for?

A

Circulation
Airway
Breathing

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17
Q

What does CPR stand for?

A

Cardio
Pulmonary
Resusetation

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18
Q

What does AVPU stand for?

A

Alert
Verbal
Pain
Unresponsive

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19
Q

What are the critical 3Bs?

A

Bleeding
Breaks
Burns

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20
Q

What does RBC stand for?

A

Responsiveness
Breathing
Critical’s

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21
Q

What are the 3Ps

A

Preserve life
Prevent further harm
Promote recovery

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22
Q

What are the 4 stages of triage

A

Green- minor to no injury’s
Yellow- serious but not fatal injury’s
Red- fatal injury’s
Blue or black- dead

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23
Q

Adult CPR

A

Dominant hand on the bottom.
Elbows locked.
Shoulders directly above person.
Compress 1 3rd of chest.
Should hear cracking or clicking.
30 completions 2 breaths.
Use palm of hand.
120 completions per minute

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24
Q

Infant CPR

A

2 fingers
120 completions per minute
15 completions 2 breaths

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25
Adult choking
5 back slaps with palm of your hand driving up the back If does not work Hinigh manuvr If they stop breathing do CPR with only completions no breaths
26
Infant choking
5 back slaps with palm of hand 5 front slaps with palm of hand Hold the head If stop breathing do CPR
27
What does DOTS stand for?
Deformites Open wounds Tenderness Swelling
28
How to treat a wound?
Clean from the inside out. Don't use cotton. Make a dressing and the bandage to apply pressure
29
Types of burns?
Thermal Chemical Electrical Radial
30
How to treat a thermal burn?
Run under room temperature water then apply burn shield
31
How to treat chemical burns?
Get all chemical off by running under water. Remove any clothing with chemical on. Apply burn shield if possible. Get help
32
How to treat electrical burns?
Turn of any electricity mains or plugs before going close. Look for entry and exit point of the energy. Treat like thermal, get help
33
Symptoms of shock
Cold moist clammy skin. Unaware of serounding Stumbling over words Couler Less skin
34
When do you put someone in recovery position?
When the are vomiting or regergitating fluids
35
What is cardiogenic shock
Heart can't pump blood properly
36
What is hyoervolemic shock
Serious bleeding
37
What is anaphylactic shock?
Allergic reactions
38
What is septic shock?
Infections
39
What is neurogenic shock
Spinal damage
40
What is phychogenic shock
Anxiety, bad news, ECT
41
How to care for shock
Treat any injury's Treat gently Insulate from the ground and keep warm If unconscious put it recovery position Don't let them eat or drink
42
Causes of unconsciosneee?
Heart attack Near drowning Stroke Airway obstruction Drug overdose Electrocution Trauma
43
What are the signs and symptoms of fainting?
Sweating Pale Nauseous Dizziness
44
Treatment of fainting
Keep warm Loosen tight clothing Monitor vitals Elevate their legs If they fell check for injury's If not awake after 5min out in recovery position and get help
45
When do we suspect a head or spinal injury?
Motor accident Falling Penatrating wound to the spine Big hit on the head Lightning strike
46
Signs and symptoms of a concussion
Loss of consciousness (full or part) Headache 🤕 Dizziness Seeing stars Loss of memory Loss of coordination
47
Signs and symptoms of a head Compression
Same as concussion Decreasing level of consciousness Pupils unequal sizes One or both pupils not responding to light
48
Signs and symptoms of a skull fracture
Deformity of head Bone edges around area of wound Clear fluids from ears and nose Unequal pupils Dazed, confused Bruising around the eyes Seizures
49
Treatment of head injury's
Get EMS Keep in semi sitting position Elevate head, if spine not involved Apply pressure around wound for skull fracture not in middle Stabilise Andy imbedded objects Use dressing on ears if liquid is coming out, let liquid drain
50
What are the 5 parts of the spine in order?
Cervical vertebra Thoracic vertebrae Lumbar vertebrae Sacrum Coccyx
51
Singes and symptoms of spinal and neck injury's
Loss of consciousness Difficulty breathing Vision problems Headache 🤕 Vomiting Pain in the neck or back Loss of balance Tingling or numbness in end of limbs
52
How can you treat a neck or spinal injury?
tilt head to open airway if needed Hold C spine Tell passant to not move Get EMS
53
What does RICE stand for?
Rest Ice Compress Elevate
54
Singes and symptoms of strains
Localized pain Swelling Loss of mobility Black or blue discoloration
55
Signs and symptoms of sprains
Sharp pain Rapid swelling Muscle tenderness Stiffness General pain
56
What is the difference between a sprain and a strain?
A strain is ether a over stretched or torn muscle or tendon A sprain is the stretching or taring of ligaments
57
Treatment of sprains
Care for other injury's Use RICE
58
Singes and symptoms of dislocations
Deformity or abnormal appearance Loss of normal function Moving increases pain, tenderness Swelling of the joint
59
Treatment for dislocations
Check circulation splint as if fractured Use RICE Do not move joint Get EMS
60
Signs and symptoms of fractures
Pain Tenderness or discomfort Swelling Loss of power and or mobility Deformity of the limb Shortening of the limb Irregularity of the bone Unnatural movement at seat of fracture Open wounds with bone protruding Crepitus (the sound of bone grating on bone)
61
Treatment of fractures
Care for other life threatening injury's Treat for shock Control bleeding and cover any wounds Stabilise and immobilise the fracture Use RICE Go to hospital
62
What are the 3 do nots regarding fractures
Do not move any one with a broken pelvis, hip or upper leg injury Do not straighten the fracture Do not push bone back in
63
What are the signs and symptoms of hypoglycaemia?
Not had enough sugar It is sudden Pale cold clammy Shallow breathing Confused, aggressive, disorientated Headache, irritable, trembling
64
Signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia?
Too much sugar Gradual Flushed, dry, warm Rapid deep breaths Drowsiness, confused, coma Thirst, nausea, vomiting, frequent urination
65
How to treat diabetes
Get EMS Take away or give sugar If unconscious, recovery position put sugar on gums If in doubt give sugar
66
Heart disease (angina) signed and symptoms
Sharp stabbing pain Lasts 1 to 10 minutes Usually goes away with rest
67
Heart disease (angina) treatment
Do SAMPLE history Calm and reassure person If no history of angina get EMS After 10 min get help
68
What is angina
Temporarily starves the heart of oxygen, courses by exercise or physical exertion. (Person at high risk of heart attack)
69
Heart attack signed and symptoms
Crushing pain in the chest Difficulty breathing Shortness of breath Severe sweating Pale skin Does NOT go away with rest
70
Heart attack treatment
Get EMS Calm and reassure person Do SAMPLE history
71
What does FAST dealing with strokes stand for?
Face Arms Speech Time
72
Stroke signs and symptoms
Sudden Weakness, numbness in face Sudden condition, tiredness Impaired speech Blurred vision on or both eyes Bad headache Lack or coronation Facial drooping
73
Stroke treatment
Get EMS Treat for shock Do SAMPLE history Calm and reassure person
74
Asthma signs and symptoms
Difficulty breathing (fast or shallow) Shortness of breath Wheezing or gasping Need to pause while speaking
75
Treatment of asthma
Do SAMPLE history Calm and reassure person Help person sit in upright position Get EMS Use asthma pump if have
76
Treatment for seizure
Cushion person's head with soft Do not hold person down Do not anything between teeth Loosen tight clothing Turn person onto their side Look for medic tag or bracelet seizure ends, offer your help, don't embarrass person, clear away bystanders
77
Anaphylaxis signs and symptoms
Difficulty breathing Skin reaction (itching, burning red skin? Swelling tongue, mouth, throat Tightness in chest Dizziness Nausea and vomiting
78
Treatment for anaphylaxis
SAMPLE history Alert EMS If have use Epi-pen
79
What is anaphylaxis?
An allergic reaction
80
Heat exhaustion signs and symptoms
Rapid breathing Nausea vomiting Pale cool skin Rapid pulse Normal temperature Weak, dizzy muscles cramp
81
Treatment for heat stoke
Move to cool place Remove exes clothing Sponge with cool water and fan them Give them water or electrolytic After 30 min get EMS
82
Signs and symptoms of heat stroke
Rapid pulse Dry skin Sweaty skin Noisy breathing Vomiting Convulsions Unconscious, unresponsive High body temperature Weakness, dizziness, headache Altered level of conciseness
83
Treatment of heat stroke
Move person to cool place Alert EMS Remove excess clothing Wet towels and fan Monitor breathing and temperature Do not over cool
84
Hypothermia (cold) signs and symptoms
Shivering Lethargic Cold pale skin Blue lips
85
Severe hypothermia signs
No shivering Decreased LOC Weak slow pulse Slow breathing
86
Treatment for hypothermia
Find shelter Get EMS Remove wet clothing Warm person, inculcate from ground Give warm liquids (no caffeine) Contently monitor temp and breathing Do not leave person Do not rub Do not give alcohol
87
The difference between heat exhaustion and heat Stroke?
Heat stroke is much worse of the same symptoms
88
Methods of poisoning
Ingestion Inhalation Absorption Injection
89
How do you treat all poisoning
Medical emergency Get EMS Call poison help line
90
Signs and symptoms of inhalation poisons
Difficulty breathing Headache 🤕 Coughing 🤧 Nausea vomiting Muscle weakness Change in skin colour Dizziness and blurred vision Altered LOC
91
Treatment for inhalation poisons
Get EMS Don't enter space with gass Move to more ventilated space Check vitals, CPR if not breathing SAMPLE, who, what, when, how much Give oxygen if available
92
Absorbed poison, signs and symptoms
Swelling, rash, itching, burning and blisters IN WORSE CASES Difficulty breathing, fever, headache, weakness
93
Treatment for absorbed poisons
Look for hazards Get EMS Check vitals Remove contaminated clothes Brush off any remaining poison Flush with water Call poison control Do SAMPLE
94
Signs and symptoms for ingested poisons
Burns or stains around mouth, sweating, nausea, tear, formation, breath smell chemicals, difficult breathing, vomiting, diarrhoea, convulsions, drowsiness, unconscious.
95
Treatment for invested poisons
Hazards, get EMS Check vitals Do SAMPLE Look at label for what poison
96
Injected poisons signs and symptoms
Pain, itchiness, redness, swelling Fever, painful joints, hives, swollen glands
97
Injected poisons treatment
Assess the scene Alert EMS Check vitals Treat if there is a allergic reaction Do SAMPLE Get sting out Clean wound, use RICE Calm and reassure
98
What are the 2 different scorpions
Scorpionidae, large pincers, slim tail - mild toxin Buthidae, small pincers, fat large tail - severe toxin
99
Scorpion sting or squirt signs and symptoms
Pain, burning sensation, numbness and tingling Paralysis, difficulty breathing, spasms
100
Scorpion, squirt or sting treatment
Assess the scene, get EMS Check vitals Do SAMPLE Clean wound use RICE Calm and reassure person
101
Marine animal stings signs and symptoms
Burning, sharp pain, swelling, redness or rash, welts unconsciousness, respiratory difficulty, weakness, nausea, vomiting
102
Treatment for marine animal stings
Get EMS Wash effected aria with vinegar, 30s Remove any sting material Put effected aria in hot water Treat for any allergic reactions
103
What are the 3 tipes of snake venom
Cytotoxic - cells die rapidly Neurotoxic - affects nervus system Heamotoxic - thins blood, stops from clotting
104
Signs and symptoms of cytotoxic venom
Extreme pain, swelling, blistering, discolouration, drowsiness 30min till affect Adders, some cobras
105
Signs and symptoms of neurotoxic venom
Pain Drowsiness, Vomiting, Sweating, blurd vision, slurred speech, difficulty swallowing, difficulty breathing 5 to 30 min till affect Cobras, black mamba, green mamba and rinkhals
106
Signs and symptoms of haemotoxic venom
Minimal or no swelling at bite site Headache 🤕, mental confusion, nausea, vomiting, bleeding from small cuts, noes, ears and mouth Internal bleeding Signs any symptoms may only show 12 to 36h after bite Boomslang and Vine snakes
107
Treatment for snake bites
Is snake still threat Alert EMS Keep person calm Immobilise affected limb Breathing stops, CPR Do SAMPLE
108
Snake venom in eyes causes inflammation and burning pain how do you treat
Wipe exes venom of face Rinse eye with water Get EMS DO NOT rub eye DO NOT ignore incident
109
Explain shoulder drag
Grab under shoulders and drag Use to move person short distance over rough or smooth ground
110
When should you use the piggie back cary
When person is conscious but cannot walk
111
When should use cradle (princes Carrie)
For children and light adults
112
When should you use fireman's Carrie
Log distance Hand free to open doors When person is Uncontiusness
113
Walk assist carry
One leg is unable to walk
114
2 handed seat carry
Carrying conscious person 2 people monkey grip
115
4 arm carry
Conscious person Grasp your for arm with one hand and other person's for arm with free hand People can walk side by side
116
Hammock carry
When you have enough people to just put there hands under the person
117
Extremity carry
One person in front one behind Fron holds legs Behind holds crossed arms For children or light adults
118
Basic spinal equipment
Spinal board Head blocks Spider harness Cervical collar
119
Methods with c spine equipment
Hold and maintain c spine Apply the collar, use log roll to turn person on side, put bord under person, roll back and center on back bord Secure person with spider harness Head blocks on ether side of head Secure with straps
120
4 parts of water rescue
Reach Throw Row Go (last resort)
121
Drowning treatment
Reach, throw, row, go Do artificial resperation untill out of water If not breathing, do CPR Get EMS If responsive treat for hypothermia
122
What is artificial resperation
Give one breath every 5s like in CPR
123
How to treat functional disorders
Is it safe to approach Get EMS Calm and reassure Do SAMPLE Do NOT fight the person
124
Name the 7 systems in the body
Skeletal system Mosculoskeletal system (smooth muscle, skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle) Nervus system Digestive system Circulatory system Respratory System Skin
125
What is a medic alert
A tag, bracket or necklace with all medical info
126
What are the 3 S?
Serious Spine Shock
127
Give the following information when calling for help
Identify yourself, give call back num Give alternate call back num Give address State nature of emergency How many people involved What is the building number Closest road crossing Suburb, Province

Daniel Scouts (5 decks)

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