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Daniel Scouts > First Aid Interest > Flashcards

First Aid Interest Flashcards

1
Q

What does BUFF stand for

A

Big
Ugly
Fat
Fluffy

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2
Q

What are the 3 types of bleeding

A

Arterial
Venous
Capillary

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3
Q

What are the 4Hs

A

Hands
Hazards
Hello
Help

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4
Q

What are the 4Ws

A

What
When
Where
Why

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5
Q

When do you use the 4Ws

A

During DEMIST when handing over to the ambulance

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6
Q

When do you use Demist

A

When handing over to the ambulance

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7
Q

When there is any kind of fracture what do you do?

A

Stabilise and immobilise

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8
Q

What does MOI stand for?

A

Method
Of
Injury

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9
Q

What does STOP stand for?

A

Stop
Think
Observe
Plan

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10
Q

What does SAMPLE stand for?

A

Signs, symptoms
Allergies
Medication
Past relevant medical history
Last intake output
Events leading up

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11
Q

What does EMS stand for?

A

Emergency
Medical
Services

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12
Q

What does ESM stand for?

A

Emergency
Seen
Management

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13
Q

What is the average humans breaths per minute?

A

12-20

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14
Q

What is the average humans pulse per minute?

A

60-100

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15
Q

When handing over to EMS you use DEMIST what does this stand for?

A

Demographic
Moi
Injury’s, illness
Signs and symptoms
Treatment given

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16
Q

What does CAB stand for?

A

Circulation
Airway
Breathing

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17
Q

What does CPR stand for?

A

Cardio
Pulmonary
Resusetation

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18
Q

What does AVPU stand for?

A

Alert
Verbal
Pain
Unresponsive

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19
Q

What are the critical 3Bs?

A

Bleeding
Breaks
Burns

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20
Q

What does RBC stand for?

A

Responsiveness
Breathing
Critical’s

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21
Q

What are the 3Ps

A

Preserve life
Prevent further harm
Promote recovery

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22
Q

What are the 4 stages of triage

A

Green- minor to no injury’s
Yellow- serious but not fatal injury’s
Red- fatal injury’s
Blue or black- dead

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23
Q

Adult CPR

A

Dominant hand on the bottom.
Elbows locked.
Shoulders directly above person.
Compress 1 3rd of chest.
Should hear cracking or clicking.
30 completions 2 breaths.
Use palm of hand.
120 completions per minute

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24
Q

Infant CPR

A

2 fingers
120 completions per minute
15 completions 2 breaths

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25
Q

Adult choking

A

5 back slaps with palm of your hand driving up the back
If does not work
Hinigh manuvr

If they stop breathing do CPR with only completions no breaths

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26
Q

Infant choking

A

5 back slaps with palm of hand
5 front slaps with palm of hand
Hold the head
If stop breathing do CPR

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27
Q

What does DOTS stand for?

A

Deformites
Open wounds
Tenderness
Swelling

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28
Q

How to treat a wound?

A

Clean from the inside out. Don’t use cotton. Make a dressing and the bandage to apply pressure

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29
Q

Types of burns?

A

Thermal
Chemical
Electrical
Radial

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30
Q

How to treat a thermal burn?

A

Run under room temperature water then apply burn shield

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31
Q

How to treat chemical burns?

A

Get all chemical off by running under water. Remove any clothing with chemical on. Apply burn shield if possible. Get help

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32
Q

How to treat electrical burns?

A

Turn of any electricity mains or plugs before going close. Look for entry and exit point of the energy.
Treat like thermal, get help

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33
Q

Symptoms of shock

A

Cold moist clammy skin.
Unaware of serounding
Stumbling over words
Couler Less skin

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34
Q

When do you put someone in recovery position?

A

When the are vomiting or regergitating fluids

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35
Q

What is cardiogenic shock

A

Heart can’t pump blood properly

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36
Q

What is hyoervolemic shock

A

Serious bleeding

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37
Q

What is anaphylactic shock?

A

Allergic reactions

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38
Q

What is septic shock?

A

Infections

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39
Q

What is neurogenic shock

A

Spinal damage

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40
Q

What is phychogenic shock

A

Anxiety, bad news, ECT

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41
Q

How to care for shock

A

Treat any injury’s
Treat gently
Insulate from the ground and keep warm
If unconscious put it recovery position
Don’t let them eat or drink

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42
Q

Causes of unconsciosneee?

A

Heart attack
Near drowning
Stroke
Airway obstruction
Drug overdose
Electrocution
Trauma

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43
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of fainting?

A

Sweating
Pale
Nauseous
Dizziness

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44
Q

Treatment of fainting

A

Keep warm
Loosen tight clothing
Monitor vitals
Elevate their legs
If they fell check for injury’s
If not awake after 5min out in recovery position and get help

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45
Q

When do we suspect a head or spinal injury?

A

Motor accident
Falling
Penatrating wound to the spine
Big hit on the head
Lightning strike

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46
Q

Signs and symptoms of a concussion

A

Loss of consciousness (full or part)
Headache 🤕
Dizziness
Seeing stars
Loss of memory
Loss of coordination

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47
Q

Signs and symptoms of a head Compression

A

Same as concussion
Decreasing level of consciousness
Pupils unequal sizes
One or both pupils not responding to light

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48
Q

Signs and symptoms of a skull fracture

A

Deformity of head
Bone edges around area of wound
Clear fluids from ears and nose
Unequal pupils
Dazed, confused
Bruising around the eyes
Seizures

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49
Q

Treatment of head injury’s

A

Get EMS
Keep in semi sitting position
Elevate head, if spine not involved
Apply pressure around wound for skull fracture not in middle
Stabilise Andy imbedded objects
Use dressing on ears if liquid is coming out, let liquid drain

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50
Q

What are the 5 parts of the spine in order?

A

Cervical vertebra
Thoracic vertebrae
Lumbar vertebrae
Sacrum
Coccyx

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51
Q

Singes and symptoms of spinal and neck injury’s

A

Loss of consciousness
Difficulty breathing
Vision problems
Headache 🤕
Vomiting
Pain in the neck or back
Loss of balance
Tingling or numbness in end of limbs

52
Q

How can you treat a neck or spinal injury?

A

tilt head to open airway if needed
Hold C spine
Tell passant to not move
Get EMS

53
Q

What does RICE stand for?

A

Rest
Ice
Compress
Elevate

54
Q

Singes and symptoms of strains

A

Localized pain
Swelling
Loss of mobility
Black or blue discoloration

55
Q

Signs and symptoms of sprains

A

Sharp pain
Rapid swelling
Muscle tenderness
Stiffness
General pain

56
Q

What is the difference between a sprain and a strain?

A

A strain is ether a over stretched or torn muscle or tendon

A sprain is the stretching or taring of ligaments

57
Q

Treatment of sprains

A

Care for other injury’s
Use RICE

58
Q

Singes and symptoms of dislocations

A

Deformity or abnormal appearance
Loss of normal function
Moving increases pain, tenderness
Swelling of the joint

59
Q

Treatment for dislocations

A

Check circulation
splint as if fractured
Use RICE
Do not move joint
Get EMS

60
Q

Signs and symptoms of fractures

A

Pain
Tenderness or discomfort
Swelling
Loss of power and or mobility
Deformity of the limb
Shortening of the limb
Irregularity of the bone
Unnatural movement at seat of fracture
Open wounds with bone protruding
Crepitus (the sound of bone grating on bone)

61
Q

Treatment of fractures

A

Care for other life threatening injury’s
Treat for shock
Control bleeding and cover any wounds
Stabilise and immobilise the fracture
Use RICE
Go to hospital

62
Q

What are the 3 do nots regarding fractures

A

Do not move any one with a broken pelvis, hip or upper leg injury

Do not straighten the fracture

Do not push bone back in

63
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of hypoglycaemia?

A

Not had enough sugar
It is sudden
Pale cold clammy
Shallow breathing
Confused, aggressive, disorientated
Headache, irritable, trembling

64
Q

Signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia?

A

Too much sugar
Gradual
Flushed, dry, warm
Rapid deep breaths
Drowsiness, confused, coma
Thirst, nausea, vomiting, frequent urination

65
Q

How to treat diabetes

A

Get EMS
Take away or give sugar
If unconscious, recovery position put sugar on gums
If in doubt give sugar

66
Q

Heart disease (angina) signed and symptoms

A

Sharp stabbing pain
Lasts 1 to 10 minutes
Usually goes away with rest

67
Q

Heart disease (angina) treatment

A

Do SAMPLE history
Calm and reassure person
If no history of angina get EMS
After 10 min get help

68
Q

What is angina

A

Temporarily starves the heart of oxygen, courses by exercise or physical exertion.
(Person at high risk of heart attack)

69
Q

Heart attack signed and symptoms

A

Crushing pain in the chest
Difficulty breathing
Shortness of breath
Severe sweating
Pale skin
Does NOT go away with rest

70
Q

Heart attack treatment

A

Get EMS
Calm and reassure person
Do SAMPLE history

71
Q

What does FAST dealing with strokes stand for?

A

Face
Arms
Speech
Time

72
Q

Stroke signs and symptoms

A

Sudden Weakness, numbness in face
Sudden condition, tiredness
Impaired speech
Blurred vision on or both eyes
Bad headache
Lack or coronation
Facial drooping

73
Q

Stroke treatment

A

Get EMS
Treat for shock
Do SAMPLE history
Calm and reassure person

74
Q

Asthma signs and symptoms

A

Difficulty breathing (fast or shallow)
Shortness of breath
Wheezing or gasping
Need to pause while speaking

75
Q

Treatment of asthma

A

Do SAMPLE history
Calm and reassure person
Help person sit in upright position
Get EMS
Use asthma pump if have

76
Q

Treatment for seizure

A

Cushion person’s head with soft
Do not hold person down
Do not anything between teeth
Loosen tight clothing
Turn person onto their side
Look for medic tag or bracelet
seizure ends, offer your help, don’t embarrass person, clear away bystanders

77
Q

Anaphylaxis signs and symptoms

A

Difficulty breathing
Skin reaction (itching, burning red skin?
Swelling tongue, mouth, throat
Tightness in chest
Dizziness
Nausea and vomiting

78
Q

Treatment for anaphylaxis

A

SAMPLE history
Alert EMS
If have use Epi-pen

79
Q

What is anaphylaxis?

A

An allergic reaction

80
Q

Heat exhaustion signs and symptoms

A

Rapid breathing
Nausea vomiting
Pale cool skin
Rapid pulse
Normal temperature
Weak, dizzy
muscles cramp

81
Q

Treatment for heat stoke

A

Move to cool place
Remove exes clothing
Sponge with cool water and fan them
Give them water or electrolytic
After 30 min get EMS

82
Q

Signs and symptoms of heat stroke

A

Rapid pulse
Dry skin
Sweaty skin
Noisy breathing
Vomiting
Convulsions
Unconscious, unresponsive
High body temperature
Weakness, dizziness, headache
Altered level of conciseness

83
Q

Treatment of heat stroke

A

Move person to cool place
Alert EMS
Remove excess clothing
Wet towels and fan
Monitor breathing and temperature
Do not over cool

84
Q

Hypothermia (cold) signs and symptoms

A

Shivering
Lethargic
Cold pale skin
Blue lips

85
Q

Severe hypothermia signs

A

No shivering
Decreased LOC
Weak slow pulse
Slow breathing

86
Q

Treatment for hypothermia

A

Find shelter
Get EMS
Remove wet clothing
Warm person, inculcate from ground
Give warm liquids (no caffeine)
Contently monitor temp and breathing
Do not leave person
Do not rub
Do not give alcohol

87
Q

The difference between heat exhaustion and heat
Stroke?

A

Heat stroke is much worse of the same symptoms

88
Q

Methods of poisoning

A

Ingestion
Inhalation
Absorption
Injection

89
Q

How do you treat all poisoning

A

Medical emergency
Get EMS
Call poison help line

90
Q

Signs and symptoms of inhalation poisons

A

Difficulty breathing
Headache 🤕
Coughing 🤧
Nausea vomiting
Muscle weakness
Change in skin colour
Dizziness and blurred vision
Altered LOC

91
Q

Treatment for inhalation poisons

A

Get EMS
Don’t enter space with gass
Move to more ventilated space
Check vitals, CPR if not breathing
SAMPLE, who, what, when, how much
Give oxygen if available

92
Q

Absorbed poison, signs and symptoms

A

Swelling, rash, itching, burning and blisters
IN WORSE CASES
Difficulty breathing, fever, headache, weakness

93
Q

Treatment for absorbed poisons

A

Look for hazards
Get EMS
Check vitals
Remove contaminated clothes
Brush off any remaining poison
Flush with water
Call poison control
Do SAMPLE

94
Q

Signs and symptoms for ingested poisons

A

Burns or stains around mouth, sweating, nausea, tear, formation, breath smell chemicals, difficult breathing, vomiting, diarrhoea, convulsions, drowsiness, unconscious.

95
Q

Treatment for invested poisons

A

Hazards, get EMS
Check vitals
Do SAMPLE
Look at label for what poison

96
Q

Injected poisons signs and symptoms

A

Pain, itchiness, redness, swelling
Fever, painful joints, hives, swollen glands

97
Q

Injected poisons treatment

A

Assess the scene
Alert EMS
Check vitals
Treat if there is a allergic reaction
Do SAMPLE
Get sting out
Clean wound, use RICE
Calm and reassure

98
Q

What are the 2 different scorpions

A

Scorpionidae, large pincers, slim tail - mild toxin
Buthidae, small pincers, fat large tail - severe toxin

99
Q

Scorpion sting or squirt signs and symptoms

A

Pain, burning sensation, numbness and tingling

Paralysis, difficulty breathing, spasms

100
Q

Scorpion, squirt or sting treatment

A

Assess the scene, get EMS
Check vitals
Do SAMPLE
Clean wound use RICE
Calm and reassure person

101
Q

Marine animal stings signs and symptoms

A

Burning, sharp pain, swelling, redness or rash, welts unconsciousness, respiratory difficulty, weakness, nausea, vomiting

102
Q

Treatment for marine animal stings

A

Get EMS
Wash effected aria with vinegar, 30s
Remove any sting material
Put effected aria in hot water
Treat for any allergic reactions

103
Q

What are the 3 tipes of snake venom

A

Cytotoxic - cells die rapidly
Neurotoxic - affects nervus system
Heamotoxic - thins blood, stops from clotting

104
Q

Signs and symptoms of cytotoxic venom

A

Extreme pain, swelling, blistering, discolouration, drowsiness
30min till affect
Adders, some cobras

105
Q

Signs and symptoms of neurotoxic venom

A

Pain
Drowsiness, Vomiting, Sweating, blurd vision, slurred speech, difficulty swallowing, difficulty breathing

5 to 30 min till affect
Cobras, black mamba, green mamba and rinkhals

106
Q

Signs and symptoms of haemotoxic venom

A

Minimal or no swelling at bite site
Headache 🤕, mental confusion, nausea, vomiting, bleeding from small cuts, noes, ears and mouth
Internal bleeding

Signs any symptoms may only show 12 to 36h after bite
Boomslang and Vine snakes

107
Q

Treatment for snake bites

A

Is snake still threat
Alert EMS
Keep person calm
Immobilise affected limb
Breathing stops, CPR
Do SAMPLE

108
Q

Snake venom in eyes causes inflammation and burning pain how do you treat

A

Wipe exes venom of face
Rinse eye with water
Get EMS

DO NOT rub eye
DO NOT ignore incident

109
Q

Explain shoulder drag

A

Grab under shoulders and drag

Use to move person short distance over rough or smooth ground

110
Q

When should you use the piggie back cary

A

When person is conscious but cannot walk

111
Q

When should use cradle (princes Carrie)

A

For children and light adults

112
Q

When should you use fireman’s Carrie

A

Log distance
Hand free to open doors
When person is Uncontiusness

113
Q

Walk assist carry

A

One leg is unable to walk

114
Q

2 handed seat carry

A

Carrying conscious person
2 people monkey grip

115
Q

4 arm carry

A

Conscious person
Grasp your for arm with one hand and other person’s for arm with free hand
People can walk side by side

116
Q

Hammock carry

A

When you have enough people to just put there hands under the person

117
Q

Extremity carry

A

One person in front one behind
Fron holds legs
Behind holds crossed arms
For children or light adults

118
Q

Basic spinal equipment

A

Spinal board
Head blocks
Spider harness
Cervical collar

119
Q

Methods with c spine equipment

A

Hold and maintain c spine
Apply the collar, use log roll to turn person on side, put bord under person, roll back and center on back bord
Secure person with spider harness
Head blocks on ether side of head
Secure with straps

120
Q

4 parts of water rescue

A

Reach
Throw
Row
Go (last resort)

121
Q

Drowning treatment

A

Reach, throw, row, go
Do artificial resperation untill out of water
If not breathing, do CPR
Get EMS
If responsive treat for hypothermia

122
Q

What is artificial resperation

A

Give one breath every 5s like in CPR

123
Q

How to treat functional disorders

A

Is it safe to approach
Get EMS
Calm and reassure
Do SAMPLE
Do NOT fight the person

124
Q

Name the 7 systems in the body

A

Skeletal system
Mosculoskeletal system (smooth muscle, skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle)
Nervus system
Digestive system
Circulatory system
Respratory System
Skin

125
Q

What is a medic alert

A

A tag, bracket or necklace with all medical info

126
Q

What are the 3 S?

A

Serious
Spine
Shock

127
Q

Give the following information when calling for help

A

Identify yourself, give call back num
Give alternate call back num
Give address
State nature of emergency
How many people involved
What is the building number
Closest road crossing
Suburb, Province

Daniel Scouts (5 decks)

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