First Aid and Bandaging Flashcards
Provision of initial life-saving care before the arrival of professional help
FIRST AID
● Immediate care given to a person who has suddenly become ill or injured
FIRST AID
Someone who has undertaken formal first aid training but not professionally trained emergency worker
FIRST AIDER
○ Goal
Save life
not a professional training; not very scientific understanding
FIRST AIDER
OVERALL AIMS OF FIRST AID (3Ps)
● PRESERVE the life of the victim
● PREVENT worsening of the situation
● PROMOTE recovery from injury or illness
7 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES IN FIRST AID
- Ensure safety [of self and bystanders]
- Manage and control the situation
- Call for appropriate emergency services
- Delegate tasks to bystanders as required
- Provide appropriate first aid
- Document findings and actions
- Provide accurate handover to EMS
True or False: Ensure safety [of the victim]
False
Who will do crowd control?
Group 3
○ Care first
non-cardiac; airway; choking
○ Call first
cardiac; miscellaneous; perfusion; cardiac, neuro, injury; severe bleeding
What data you should handover to EMS?
no need to interview the patient; basically what you saw and the treatment you gave
9 POTENTIAL HAZARDS
- Fast – Moving traffic
- Slip and Trip hazards
- Extremes of Temperature
- Deep or fast moving water
- Electrical Appliances or exposed wires
- A victim under the influence of alcohol or drugs
- Bystanders
- Poisons [from the environment]
- Exposure to blood or bodily fluids
One of the highest and common hazards
Slip and Trip hazards
Priority intervention in motor vehicle collision
Ensure safety (bystanders and you)
5 interventions for MOTOR VEHICLE COLLISION
- Do no perform sudden maneuvers with your vehicle
- Park in a safe location without blocking access for emergency vehicles
- Switch hazard lights
- Vehicle fires and risk of explosion
- Be aware of non-deployed airbags
4 interventions for INCIDENTS NEAR OPEN WATER
- Immediately summon help from lifeguards/ emergency services
- Throw the victim a life preserver to help him float
- If near shore, lie down and try to reach with a stick or long object
- Be aware of hidden currents from open-water scenarios
4 interventions for FIRE AND SMOKE INCIDENTS
- Smoke and toxic fumes are as deadly as flames
- Do not enter a burning building
- If you are inside, attempt to evacuate quickly
- Cover nose and mouth and stay low
Best place to go during fire
near the doors and windows; evacuation plan
what are the 4 ACTIONS IN THE EVENT OF FIRE?
Remove all non-essential personnel from immediate danger
Alert fire brigade or switchboard and nearby staff
Confine fire and smoke if practicable
Extinguish or control fire - but do not take unnecessary risks
True or False: If you see fire or smoke, do not panic or shout!
True
What to do if you first saw the fire in the hospital?
as a nurse inform all by clicking fire alarm (if big/ but if small… confine)
MINOR CUTS AND GRAZES
● When to seek medical advice (give five)
○ Dirt or foreign object ○ Deep, rough, jagged edges ○ Evidence of infection ○ Bite from animal/human or puncture ○ Not up to date tetanus immunization
clean edges
- Incision Wound
jaggered edges
- Laceration Wound
scratch until epidermis only
- Abrasion
cannot pass through; moon shape push forward
- Puncture Wound
pass through
- Penetration Wound
no open wound; close wound; bruise
- Contusion
accumulation of blood underneath; close wound
- Hematoma
6 interventions for MINOR CUTS AND GRAZES, WOUNDS
- Apply direct digital pressure: 2-3 fingers used NOT THE PALM
- Elevate wound if on extremity
- Wash hands and put on gloves
- Wash wound on running water or antiseptic wipes
- If available, apply antibiotic cream
- Cover with sterile dressing (adhesive dressing- small; bandage for larger wounds)
What do you mean by direct digital pressure?
2-3 fingers used NOT THE PALM
Rationale for Elevate wound if on extremity
To help reduce swelling and pain in limb injuries. It helps drain the excess fluid from the site of your injury, and this may reduce pain and speed up healing. Low blood flow
used dressing for small wounds
adhesive dressing
used dressing for larger wounds
bandage
Injury to muscle or Tendon
Strain
