First Aid and Bandaging

Question 1

Provision of initial life-saving care before the arrival of professional help

Answer 1

FIRST AID

Question 2

● Immediate care given to a person who has suddenly become ill or injured

Answer 2

FIRST AID

Question 3

Someone who has undertaken formal first aid training but not professionally trained emergency worker

Answer 3

FIRST AIDER

Question 4

○ Goal

Answer 4

Save life

Question 5

not a professional training; not very scientific understanding

Answer 5

FIRST AIDER

Question 6

OVERALL AIMS OF FIRST AID (3Ps)

Answer 6

● PRESERVE the life of the victim
● PREVENT worsening of the situation
● PROMOTE recovery from injury or illness

Question 7

7 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES IN FIRST AID

Answer 7

1. Ensure safety [of self and bystanders]
2. Manage and control the situation
3. Call for appropriate emergency services
4. Delegate tasks to bystanders as required
5. Provide appropriate first aid
6. Document findings and actions
7. Provide accurate handover to EMS

Question 8

True or False: Ensure safety [of the victim]

Answer 8

False

Question 9

Who will do crowd control?

Answer 9

Group 3

Question 10

○ Care first

Answer 10

non-cardiac; airway; choking

Question 11

○ Call first

Answer 11

cardiac; miscellaneous; perfusion; cardiac, neuro, injury; severe bleeding

Question 12

What data you should handover to EMS?

Answer 12

no need to interview the patient; basically what you saw and the treatment you gave

Question 13

9 POTENTIAL HAZARDS

Answer 13

1. Fast – Moving traffic
2. Slip and Trip hazards
3. Extremes of Temperature
4. Deep or fast moving water
5. Electrical Appliances or exposed wires
6. A victim under the influence of alcohol or drugs
7. Bystanders
8. Poisons [from the environment]
9. Exposure to blood or bodily fluids

Question 14

One of the highest and common hazards

Answer 14

Slip and Trip hazards

Question 15

Priority intervention in motor vehicle collision

Answer 15

Ensure safety (bystanders and you)

Question 16

5 interventions for MOTOR VEHICLE COLLISION

Answer 16

1. Do no perform sudden maneuvers with your vehicle
2. Park in a safe location without blocking access for emergency vehicles
3. Switch hazard lights
4. Vehicle fires and risk of explosion
5. Be aware of non-deployed airbags

Question 17

4 interventions for INCIDENTS NEAR OPEN WATER

Answer 17

1. Immediately summon help from lifeguards/ emergency services
2. Throw the victim a life preserver to help him float
3. If near shore, lie down and try to reach with a stick or long object
4. Be aware of hidden currents from open-water scenarios

Question 18

4 interventions for FIRE AND SMOKE INCIDENTS

Answer 18

1. Smoke and toxic fumes are as deadly as flames
2. Do not enter a burning building
3. If you are inside, attempt to evacuate quickly
4. Cover nose and mouth and stay low

Question 19

Best place to go during fire

Answer 19

near the doors and windows; evacuation plan

Question 20

what are the 4 ACTIONS IN THE EVENT OF FIRE?

Answer 20

Remove all non-essential personnel from immediate danger
Alert fire brigade or switchboard and nearby staff
Confine fire and smoke if practicable
Extinguish or control fire - but do not take unnecessary risks

Question 21

True or False: If you see fire or smoke, do not panic or shout!

Answer 21

True

Question 22

What to do if you first saw the fire in the hospital?

Answer 22

as a nurse inform all by clicking fire alarm (if big/ but if small… confine)

Question 23

MINOR CUTS AND GRAZES

● When to seek medical advice (give five)

Answer 23

○	Dirt or foreign object
○	Deep, rough, jagged edges
○	Evidence of infection
○	Bite from animal/human or puncture
○	Not up to date tetanus immunization

Question 24

clean edges

Answer 24

2. Incision Wound

Question 25

jaggered edges

Answer 25

3. Laceration Wound

Question 26

scratch until epidermis only

Answer 26

4. Abrasion

Question 27

cannot pass through; moon shape  push forward

Answer 27

5. Puncture Wound

Question 28

pass through

Answer 28

6. Penetration Wound

Question 29

no open wound; close wound; bruise

Answer 29

7. Contusion

Question 30

accumulation of blood underneath; close wound

Answer 30

8. Hematoma

Question 31

6 interventions for MINOR CUTS AND GRAZES, WOUNDS

Answer 31

1. Apply direct digital pressure: 2-3 fingers used NOT THE PALM 2. Elevate wound if on extremity 3. Wash hands and put on gloves 4. Wash wound on running water or antiseptic wipes 5. If available, apply antibiotic cream 6. Cover with sterile dressing (adhesive dressing- small; bandage for larger wounds)

Question 32

What do you mean by direct digital pressure?

Answer 32

2-3 fingers used NOT THE PALM

Question 33

Rationale for Elevate wound if on extremity

Answer 33

To help reduce swelling and pain in limb injuries. It helps drain the excess fluid from the site of your injury, and this may reduce pain and speed up healing. Low blood flow

Question 34

used dressing for small wounds

Answer 34

adhesive dressing

Question 35

used dressing for larger wounds

Answer 35

bandage

Question 36

Injury to muscle or Tendon

Answer 36

Strain