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First Aid > FIRST AID > Flashcards

FIRST AID Flashcards

1
Q

What is first thing you say/do to casualty who doesn’t seem conscious/not responding?

A

I’m Marielle, would you like any help?
Can you open your eyes?
TAP COLLAR BONE

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2
Q

What are symptoms of lack of oxygen (hypoxia?) 8

A

Pale, clammy skin (dark skin? look at colour inside of lips)
Blue tinges to skin and lips (cyanosis)
Increase in pulse rate
Nausea/vomiting
Increase breathing rate (if brain aware low oxygen)
Lowered breathing rate (shows brain not aware of lack of oxygen)
Distressed breathing/gasping
Confusion/dizziness

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3
Q

What does DR ABC stand for

A

D-Danger

R -Response

A-Airway (is it blocked?)

B-Breathing (any trouble?)

C-Circulation

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4
Q

What conditions cause airway problems? 7

A 
Problems with tongue
Vomiting
Choking
Burns
Strangulation
Hanging
Anaphylaxis
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5
Q

What conditions cause breathing problems? 7

A 
Asthma
Crushing of chest
Chest injury
Collapsed lung
Poisoning
Anaphylaxis
Cardiac arrest
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6
Q

What conditions cause circulation problems? 6

A 
Heart attack
Heart failure
Severe bleeding
Poisoning
Anaphyalxis
Cardiac arrest
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7
Q

SAMPLE….to help remember what to ask the patient, what does it stand for?

A 
S-Signs and symptoms
A-Allergies
M-Medication
P-Past medical history
L-Last meal
E-Event history
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8
Q

If casualty had accident…head to toe check…what are 6 steps?

A

Head and neck (spinal injury?/check breathing/pulse/pupils/look head and face)
Shoulders and chest (compare opp. shoulders and collar bones-fracture?/ask to take deep breath-look at chest-does chest move easily and equally both sides?/pain breathing?)
Abdomen (look of incontinence/bleeding, DO NOT squeeze/rock pelvis)
4 and 5 Legs and arms (ask if can move legs/arms/all joints)

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9
Q

How long should you look, listen and feel for normal breathing?

A

No more than 10 seconds

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10
Q

How do you do CPR?

A

Kneel at side of patient
Place hello of hand centre of chest, other hand on top, interlock fingers
Press down on breastbone depth 5-6cm-release all the pressure without losing contact between your hands and the chest

30 COMPRESSIONS… open the airway again 2 RESCUE BREATHS

  • Pinch soft part of nose closed. Allow the mouth to open, but maintain chin lift.
  • Normal breath, seal lips around casualty’s mouth
  • Blow steadily into mouth WATCH for chest to rise (1 second)
  • WATCH for the chest to fall as the air comes out

DON”T INTERRUPT CHEST COMPRESSIONS FOR MORE THAN 10 SECONDS WITH RESCUE BREATHS

SWITCH WITH PARTNER EVERY 2 MINS

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11
Q

When can you stop CPR?

A

If health professional tells you to
You become exhausted
Casualty is DEFINITELY waking up/moving/opening eyes/breathing normally

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12
Q

How do you use AED?

A
  • Someone continues with CPR
  • Attach leads to AED if necessary
  • Towel dry/shave chest
  • Attach pads to victim’s BARE chest
  • RHS collarbone LHS over lower ribs
  • Follow directions, push shock button if directed to do so
  • No shock, continue CPR….
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13
Q

HOW DO YOU USE AED ON CHILDREN/BABIES?

A
  • Use paediatric pads
  • Most centre of chest, centre of back
  • USE ADULT PADS IF NO CHILDRENS PADS
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14
Q

How do you adjust CPR BABIES/CHILDREN??

A

5 initial rescue breaths
THEN CPR 30:2
IF ON OWN CPR 1 minute before getting help
Baby-4 cm Chid 5-cm

Baby-2 fingers
Child 1/2 hands

Worst comes to worst….ADULT CPR BETTER THAN NOTHING.

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15
Q

What do you ask if you think someone is choking?

A

ARE YOU CHOKING?

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16
Q

WHAT ARE SXS OF SEVERE CHOKING?

A 
Weaking cough
Unable to speak
Struggling/unable to breath
Distressed look on face
Will become unconscious if untreated
17
Q

How do you treat choking?

A

Ask px to cough
Shout or help
Lean casualty WELL forward
5 sharp blows between the shoulder blades with the heel of your hand
If not cleared…abdominal thrusts
Stand behind casualty
Place both arms around them
Make a fist with it, place JUST BELOW BELLY BUTTON
Pull sharply inwards and upwards 5 times if needed
6. Back to back blows, repeat.
7. Call ambulance if tx doesn’t work
8. Start CPR if casualty unconscious
9. Tell them to go to hospital if had abdominal thrust/difficulty swallowing/perisistent cough/feeling like something still stuck in throat

18
Q

How do you treat a baby choking?

A

Shout for help
Sit/kneel, baby on lap, face down, support head
5 sharp blows between shoulder blades
If not cleared
Turn baby so chest up
Support head, lower head below level of the chest
2 fingers-chest thrusts (similar to chest thrusts CPR but sharper and delivered at slower rate)
Start CPR if becomes unconscious

NEVER ABDOMINAL THRUSTS ON A BABY

First Aid (12 decks)

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