First Aid Flashcards by Lucy Lasso

What are the 3 main responsibilities of a first aider? (3)
P –
P –
P –

Preserve life
Prevent the situation worsening
Promote recovery

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What is the main aim of first aid? (2)

Help given to a sick or injured person until full medical treatment is available

The three P’s

Preserve life
Prevent the situation worsening
Promote recovery

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How many minutes without oxygen before our brain can start to die? (1)

3-4 minutes

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What is the Primary survey? (5)
D -
R -
A -
B -
C –

Danger
Response 
Airway
Breathing 
Circulation

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Name two things to consider when someone is having a seizure? (2)

Move dangerous objects away 
Protect head 
Note time and duration 
Loosen tight clothing around neck 
Call 999 is lasts longer than 5 minutes

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When someone is having a seizure, at what point do we put them in the recovery position? (1)

After the seizure

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What is the secondary survey? (1)

Head to toe check

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What is the rate of compression for an adult casualty? (1)

100-120 per minute

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What is the chain of survival?

Early recognition and call for help - to prevent cardiac arrest

Early CPR-to buy time

Early defibrillation - to restart the heart

Post resuscitation care - to restore quality of life

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Name two considerations when performing CPR on a child/baby? (2)

Give 5 initial breaths

Give CPR for 1 minute before going for help if alone

Compress chest one-third if it’s depth

For baby use 2 fingers

For child use 1 or 2 hands

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What is cyanosis? (1)

Cyanosis is a bluish discoloration of the tissues that results when the absolute level of reduced hemoglobin in the capillary bed exceeds 3 g/dL [1-3].

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What are the main differences between mild and severe choking? (2)

Mild chocking - casualty can talk, cough

Severe chocking- 
Weakening cough 
Unable to talk 
Struggling to breath
Distressed look on face 
Will become unconscious if untreated

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Up to how many back blows can be performed on a choking adult within each cycle? (1

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Arterial blood will…………………..….. (1)

Spurt

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Venous blood will……………………….. (1)

Ooze

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Capillary blood will……………………… (1)

Trickle

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What is the most life threatening type of bleeding? (1)

Arterial bleeding

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When dealing with bleeding how long must you apply pressure? (1)

10 minutes

Where must soiled dressings be placed? (1)

Toxic waste bin (yellow/orange)
Or
Sanitary waste bin

. What is a concussion ? (1)

Concussion is caused by shaking of the brain. Blow to head can cause brain to bounce

Identify two signs and symptoms of shock? (2)

A rise in pulse rate
Pale, clammy skin

Fast shallow breathing 
Rapid, weak pulse 
Cyanosis (grey blue tinges to skin lips)
Nausea or vomiting 
Sweating

What are the three depths of burns? (3)

Superficial

Partial thickness

Full thickness

What may you need after having a splinter removed? (1)

Plaster

.What will you never find in a first aid kit? (1)

Medication

List one vital piece of information that must be recorded within an accident report form? (1)

Name , Address, Occupation of person who had accident

Name 3 items you would find in a first aid kit? (3)

``` Plaster Scissors Bandages Ice pack Eye wash ```

What is the standard colour of a first aid kit? (1)

Green with white cross

List the causes of unconsciousness (Fish Shaped)? (10)

F - fainting I - imbalance of heat S - shock H - head injury ``` S - stroke H - heart attack A - asphyxia P - poisoning E - epilepsy D - diabetes ```

How would u recognise someone is having a stroke? (4)

F - facial weakness A - arm weakness S - speech problems T - time to call 999

What is the treatment for bleeding? (3)

Sit or lay Examine Pressure Dress

How would you recognise someone is choking and what is the sequence for a choking adult? (6)

Ask if their choking Weakening cough Struggling to breath Distressed look on face 1- instruct the casualty to cough 2- back blows 3- abdominal thrusts 4- repeat steps 2 & 3

What is the key benefit of placing someone in the recovery position if they are unconscious and breathing? (2)

Protects the airways from both these dangers: The tongue will not fall backwards Vomit will run out of the mouth

What should we complete after an accident at work? (1)

Must be recorded in an accident report book

After treating a burn with cold water what should we do? (1)

Remove jewellery and loose clothing | Dress the burn

How do we treat a concussion ? (1)

Arrange for casualty to see a healthcare professional as soon as possible Do not allow them to continue sports and stay with them until they are properly assessed.

How do we treat a graze? (1)

Clean with water | Cover with plaster

How do we treat a nose bleed? (1

Sit casualty down with head tipped forward Nip soft part of nose. Maintain pressure for 10 minutes Tell casualty to breath through mouth Give casualty a cloth to mop up blood while the nose is nipped

Do we burst blisters when treating for burns? Yes or No? (1)

What is an important factor to consider when approaching the scene of an accident? (1)

Safety, further danger Can you cope

How can we minimise the risk of infection? (2)

``` Gloves Protective clothing Cover your own cuts Dispose of contaminated waste carefully Use sterile, undamaged in date dressings ```

What are the signs of hypoxia?

``` Pale clammy skin Blue tinges to the skin and lips Increase in pulse rate Nausea or vomiting Increased breathing rate (if brain detected low oxygen) Lowered breathing rate (indicates a brain problem) Distressed breathing or gasping Confusion or dizziness ```

What ratio of chest compressions to rescue breaths would you do when performing CPR

30 - 2

What is the normal range of pulse rates for 1- an adult 2- a child 3- a baby

1- 60-90 bpm 2- 90-110bpm 3- baby 110-140bpm

What are the signs of a heart attack?

``` Pale grey colour skin Shortness of breath Dizziness Nausea Vomiting Holding chest ```