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First Aid > First Aid > Flashcards

First Aid Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 main responsibilities of a first aider? (3)
P –
P –
P –

A

Preserve life
Prevent the situation worsening
Promote recovery

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2
Q

What is the main aim of first aid? (2)

A

Help given to a sick or injured person until full medical treatment is available

Or

The three P’s

Preserve life
Prevent the situation worsening
Promote recovery

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3
Q

How many minutes without oxygen before our brain can start to die? (1)

A

3-4 minutes

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4
Q 
What is the Primary survey? (5)
D -
R -
A -
B -
C –
A 
Danger
Response 
Airway
Breathing 
Circulation
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5
Q

Name two things to consider when someone is having a seizure? (2)

A 
Move dangerous objects away 
Protect head 
Note time and duration 
Loosen tight clothing around neck 
Call 999 is lasts longer than 5 minutes
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6
Q

When someone is having a seizure, at what point do we put them in the recovery position? (1)

A

After the seizure

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7
Q

What is the secondary survey? (1)

A

Head to toe check

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8
Q

What is the rate of compression for an adult casualty? (1)

A

100-120 per minute

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9
Q

What is the chain of survival?

A

Early recognition and call for help - to prevent cardiac arrest

Early CPR-to buy time

Early defibrillation - to restart the heart

Post resuscitation care - to restore quality of life

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10
Q

Name two considerations when performing CPR on a child/baby? (2)

A

Give 5 initial breaths

Give CPR for 1 minute before going for help if alone

Compress chest one-third if it’s depth

For baby use 2 fingers

For child use 1 or 2 hands

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11
Q

What is cyanosis? (1)

A

Cyanosis is a bluish discoloration of the tissues that results when the absolute level of reduced hemoglobin in the capillary bed exceeds 3 g/dL [1-3].

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12
Q

What are the main differences between mild and severe choking? (2)

A

Mild chocking - casualty can talk, cough

Severe chocking- 
Weakening cough 
Unable to talk 
Struggling to breath
Distressed look on face 
Will become unconscious if untreated
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13
Q

Up to how many back blows can be performed on a choking adult within each cycle? (1

A

5

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14
Q

Arterial blood will…………………..….. (1)

A

Spurt

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15
Q

Venous blood will……………………….. (1)

A

Ooze

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16
Q

Capillary blood will……………………… (1)

A

Trickle

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17
Q

What is the most life threatening type of bleeding? (1)

A

Arterial bleeding

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18
Q

When dealing with bleeding how long must you apply pressure? (1)

A

10 minutes

19
Q

Where must soiled dressings be placed? (1)

A

Toxic waste bin (yellow/orange)
Or
Sanitary waste bin

20
Q

. What is a concussion ? (1)

A

Concussion is caused by shaking of the brain. Blow to head can cause brain to bounce

21
Q

Identify two signs and symptoms of shock? (2)

A

A rise in pulse rate
Pale, clammy skin

Fast shallow breathing 
Rapid, weak pulse 
Cyanosis (grey blue tinges to skin lips)
Nausea or vomiting 
Sweating
22
Q

What are the three depths of burns? (3)

A

Superficial

Partial thickness

Full thickness

23
Q

What may you need after having a splinter removed? (1)

A

Plaster

24
Q

.What will you never find in a first aid kit? (1)

A

Medication

25
Q

List one vital piece of information that must be recorded within an accident report form? (1)

A

Name , Address, Occupation of person who had accident

26
Q

Name 3 items you would find in a first aid kit? (3)

A 
Plaster 
Scissors 
Bandages 
Ice pack 
Eye wash
27
Q

What is the standard colour of a first aid kit? (1)

A

Green with white cross

28
Q

List the causes of unconsciousness (Fish Shaped)? (10)

A

F - fainting
I - imbalance of heat
S - shock
H - head injury

S - stroke 
H - heart attack 
A - asphyxia 
P - poisoning 
E - epilepsy 
D - diabetes
29
Q

How would u recognise someone is having a stroke? (4)

A

F - facial weakness
A - arm weakness
S - speech problems
T - time to call 999

30
Q

What is the treatment for bleeding? (3)

A

Sit or lay
Examine
Pressure
Dress

31
Q

How would you recognise someone is choking and what is the sequence for a choking adult? (6)

A

Ask if their choking
Weakening cough
Struggling to breath
Distressed look on face

1- instruct the casualty to cough
2- back blows
3- abdominal thrusts
4- repeat steps 2 & 3

32
Q

What is the key benefit of placing someone in the recovery position if they are unconscious and breathing? (2)

A

Protects the airways from both these dangers:
The tongue will not fall backwards
Vomit will run out of the mouth

33
Q

What should we complete after an accident at work? (1)

A

Must be recorded in an accident report book

34
Q

After treating a burn with cold water what should we do? (1)

A

Remove jewellery and loose clothing

Dress the burn

35
Q

How do we treat a concussion ? (1)

A

Arrange for casualty to see a healthcare professional as soon as possible

Do not allow them to continue sports and stay with them until they are properly assessed.

36
Q

How do we treat a graze? (1)

A

Clean with water

Cover with plaster

37
Q

How do we treat a nose bleed? (1

A

Sit casualty down with head tipped forward

Nip soft part of nose. Maintain pressure for 10 minutes

Tell casualty to breath through mouth

Give casualty a cloth to mop up blood while the nose is nipped

38
Q

Do we burst blisters when treating for burns? Yes or No? (1)

A

No

39
Q

What is an important factor to consider when approaching the scene of an accident? (1)

A

Safety, further danger

Can you cope

40
Q

How can we minimise the risk of infection? (2)

A 
Gloves 
Protective clothing 
Cover your own cuts 
Dispose of contaminated waste carefully 
Use sterile, undamaged in date dressings
41
Q

What are the signs of hypoxia?

A 
Pale clammy skin
Blue tinges to the skin and lips 
Increase in pulse rate 
Nausea or vomiting 
Increased breathing rate (if brain detected low oxygen) 
Lowered breathing rate (indicates a brain problem) 
Distressed breathing or gasping 
Confusion or dizziness
42
Q

What ratio of chest compressions to rescue breaths would you do when performing CPR

A

30 - 2

43
Q

What is the normal range of pulse rates for

1- an adult
2- a child
3- a baby

A

1- 60-90 bpm
2- 90-110bpm
3- baby 110-140bpm

44
Q

What are the signs of a heart attack?

A 
Pale grey colour skin 
Shortness of breath 
Dizziness 
Nausea 
Vomiting 
Holding chest

First Aid (1 decks)

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