First Aid Flashcards
3 objectives of first aid
- Prevent further injury
- infection
- loss of life
4 methods of controlling bleeding
- Direct pressure
- Elevation
- Pressure Points
- Tourniquet as a last resort
11 Pressure Points
- Temple
- Jaw
- Neck
- Collar Bone
- Inner Upper Arm
- Inner Elbow
- Wrist
- Upper Thigh
- Groin
- Knee
- Ankle
1st Degree Burn
Produces redness, warmth and mild pain
2nd Degree Burn
Causes red, blistered skin and severe pain
3rd Degree
Destroys tissue, skin and bone in severe cases, however severe pain may be absent due to nerve endings being destroyed
Closed/Simple Fracture
Broken bone without a break in the skin
Open/Compound
Break in the skin with possible bone protrusion
Heat exhaustion
Disturbance of blood flow to the brain, heart and lungs. Skin is cool, moist, clammy, dilated pupils.
Heat Stroke
Caused by breakdown of the sweating mechanism of the body. Hot and/or dry skin, uneven pupil dilation, weak/ rapid pause
Hypothermia
Cooling of the whole body caused by exposure to low temp, cold or ice. Pale, unconscious. Breath slow, faint pulse or undetectable.
Superficial frostbite
Ice crystals form in upper skin layers after exposed to 32 degrees or lower
Deep frostbite
Ice crystals form in deep tissue to 32 degrees or lower.
Septic shock
Results from bacteria multiplying in blood and release toxins.
Anaphylactic Shock
Type of severe hypersensitivity or allergic reaction.
