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ESWS > First Aid > Flashcards

First Aid Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of first aid?

A

Emergency care or treatment of sick or injured persons until professional medical services are obtained

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2
Q

What is the purpose of first aid?

A

Save lives
Prevent further injury
Minimize infection

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3
Q

What number do you call when “calling it away”?

A

DCC - 0211
Quarterdeck - 3201/3202
Pilot House - 3222

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4
Q

How long should a person be removed for smoke inhalation?

A

20 mins fresh air

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5
Q

How many mass casualty boxes are there?

A

6

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6
Q

How many battle dressing stations are there?

A

Fwd: starboard side of scullery
Main: medical
Aft: across from DC shop

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7
Q

What are the first 4 steps in treating the 8 basic battle wounds?

A

Call it away
First aid/buddy aid
Locate the nearest first aid box
Ask for help

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8
Q

What are the final 2 steps in treating the 8 basic battle wounds?

A

Check for further injury

Treat for shock

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9
Q

What are the 8 Basic Battle wounds?

A 
Sucking chest wound
Amputation
Facial injury
Electrical shock
Burn
Abdominal evisceration
Compound fracture
Smoke inhalation
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10
Q

Where are the SAR litters located?

A

In the RHIBs

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11
Q

How do you transport stretchers on the ship?

A

Feet first down P-way
Head first up ladder-well
Feet first down ladder-well
Must have 4 people to transport

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12
Q

Where are the Reeve Sleeves located?

A

In battle dressing stations

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13
Q

Name 3 types of stretchers

A

Stokes
SAR - Sea to Air Rescue litter
Reeve Sleeve

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14
Q

how do you treat abdominal evisceration?

A

Use 2 abdominal emergency trauma dressings(ETD)

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15
Q

What should you use to cover the hole of a sucking chest wound?

A

Malleable plastic like trash bag

Do not use rigid plastic like ID card

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16
Q

How do you treat a sucking chest wound?

A

Cover wound with hand until dressing is placed
Wipe off blood before dressing and taping
Entrance will be taped on 3 sides
Exit wound will be taped on 4 sides
Both wounds will be covered by a large battle dressing

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17
Q

What is a closed compound fracture?

A

Complete break in the bone, but does not break skin

18
Q

What is an open compound fracture?

A

Complete breaking of bone, breaks the skin

19
Q

How do you treat chemical burns?

A 
Use dry and sterile dressings
Check MSDS/HMUG for info
Remove clothing
Brush off dry powders before applying water
Flush with water for 20 mins
Do not try to neutralize, use water only
20
Q

What % is “critical” with burns?

A

30% or greater

21
Q

What are the symptoms of a 3rd degree burn?

A

Full thickness of skin destroyed
Destroyed skin has no pain, but surrounding areas are extremely painful
May be white or charred black
Cannot heal without a skin graft

22
Q

What are the symptoms of a 1st degree burn?

A

Upper layer of skin
Pain and redness only
Heals without scars

23
Q

What are the symptoms of a 2nd degree burn?

A 
Deep skin damage
Extremely painful
Blisters, weeping fluid
Easily infected
Heals within 2-3 weeks, may leave scars
24
Q

What are the symptoms of heat stroke?

A 
Casualty may still be sweating
Skin will be hot, red, and dry
Confusion, drowsiness, unconsciousness, or coma
Temperature of 105 degrees or higher
Headache, nausea, dizziness and weakness
Deep and rapid, then shallow or absent breathing
Fast and weak pulse
Pupils constricted
25
Q

What are the symptoms of heat exhaustion?

A 
Temperature of 104 degrees or lower
Headache, nausea, loss of appetite
Dizziness, weakness, or fainting
Pupils dilated
Pale, cool, clammy skin
Rapid and shallow breathing
26
Q

What is the definition of pressure point?

A

Compressing an artery against a bone

27
Q

How many pressure points are there?

A

22

28
Q

What are 4 ways to control hemorrhaging?

A

Direct pressure
Elevation
Pressure point
Tourniquet

29
Q

What are dressings for?

A

Used to cover wounds

30
Q

How do you treat for shock?

A

Elevate feet 6 - 12 inches

Keep casualty warm

31
Q

What is the definition of shock?

A

Failure of heart and blood vessels to maintain enough oxygen rich blood getting to vital organs of the body

32
Q

What is hemorrhaging?

A

Bleeding

33
Q

Describe arterial bleeding

A

“Spurting” blood from the wound

34
Q

Describe venous bleeding

A

“Pooling” or “pouring” blood from the wound

35
Q

What are bandages for?

A

Hold dressings in place

36
Q

What is a tourniquet?

A

Flat constricting band greater than 1 inch wide used to cut off blood supply to an injured limb

37
Q

When should a tourniquet be used?

A

Last resort

38
Q

Where should a tourniquet be placed?

A

Above and as close to the wound’s edge as possible

39
Q

What should you do after applying a tourniquet?

A

Mark “T” on victims head and the time the tourniquet was applied

40
Q

What are 3 types of heat casualties?

A

Heat cramps
Heat exhaustion
Heat stroke

41
Q

What causes heat cramps?

A

Hot environments

Excessive sweating

42
Q

How do you treat an open compound fracture?

A

Stop bleeding

Splint the bones

ESWS (10 decks)

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