first aid 3/21

Question 1

RBC casts

Answer 1

glomerulonephritis, hypertensive emergency

Question 2

WBC casts

Answer 2

tubulointerstitial inflammation, acute pyelonephritis, transplant rejection

Question 3

granular casts (muddy brown)

Answer 3

acute tubular necrosis

Question 4

fatty casts (oval fat bodies)

Answer 4

nephrotic syndrome (associated with maltese cross sign)

Question 5

waxy casts

Answer 5

end-stage renal disease / chronic kidney disease

Question 6

hyaline casts

Answer 6

nonspecific; dehydration, exercise, diuretic therapy