first aid

Question 1

what is the most common cause of ambiguous genitalia in a newborn?

Answer 1

CAH due to 21 hydroxylase deficiency

Question 2

what is the most common cause of hirsutism and irregular menses?

Answer 2

PCOS

Question 3

what is the treatment of choice for idiopathic hirsutism?

Answer 3

spironolactone

Question 4

what is the most common cause of hospital admission for menorrhagia in adolescents?

Answer 4

von willebrand disease

Question 5

what is the most common cause of postmenopausal bleeding?

Answer 5

vaginal atrophy

Question 6

what is the most common cause of chronic pelvic pain in women less than 30?

Answer 6

PID

Question 7

What is the most common cause of pelvic pain in women over 30?

Answer 7

endometriosis

Question 8

what is the most common cause of acute pelvic pain?

Answer 8

ovarian ruptured cyst

Question 9

what are some of the classic physical exam findings for endometriosis?

Answer 9

nodularities on the uterosacral ligamine and a fixed retroverted uterus

Question 10

described as an enlarged, globular, boggy uterus on physical exam?

Answer 10

adenomyosis

Question 11

what kinds of cancers are staged surgically?

Answer 11

Ovarian
endometrial
vulva
fallopian tube

Question 12

what kinds of cancers are staged clinically?

Answer 12

cervical & vaginal

Question 13

what is the most important prognostic factor for endometrial cancer?

Answer 13

grade

Question 14

what is the most common solid benign tumor of the ovary?

Answer 14

fibroma

Question 15

what is the term for genital warts associated with hpv , which have a pearly and plaque like or cauliflower ?appearance

Answer 15

condyloma acuminata

Question 16

what is the term for genital warts in secondayr syphilis, which are nonpainful, rasied, grayish-white lesions?

Answer 16

condyloma lata

Question 17

what is the most important predictor of prognosis for vaginal cancer?

Answer 17

stage of tumor

Question 18

what is the usual karyotype of a complete mole?

Answer 18

46 xx resutling from sperm penetration and subsequent DNA replication

or

46 xy due to 2 paternal sperms simultaneously penetrating the ova

has only paternal dna

Question 19

what is the usual karyotype of a partial mole?

Answer 19

69 xxy or 69 xxx and contains both maternal and paternal DNA, from an egg being fertilized by 2 sperm

Question 20

what is the primary risk factor for preterm rupture of membranes?

Answer 20

genital tract infections like bacterial vaginosis

Question 21

breastfeeding can decrease a mother’s chance of getting what cancer?

Answer 21

ovarian

Question 22

what is the most common cause of acute liver failure in pregnancy?

Answer 22

acute fatty liver

Question 23

using mg2+ is contraindicated in what set of pts?

Answer 23

pts w/ myasthenia gravis

Question 24

what is the workup for ASCUS?

Answer 24

1. repeat pap every 6 months until 2 consecutive neg. smears
2. perform colposcopy
3. perform HPV testing, if positive, will proceed with colposcopy

Question 25

What is the work up for ASC-H? (atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion

Answer 25

colposcopy with indicated biopsy

Question 26

what is the workup for atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance (AGUS)?

Answer 26

colposcopy & endometrial sampling + endocervical curretage

Question 27

what is the workup for LSIL?

Answer 27

colposcopy with endocerical currettage and biopsies

Question 28

what is the workup for HGSIL?

Answer 28

colposcopy w/ ECC & biopsies; if there is a discrepancy b/w the cytology and the biopsy, then an excisional procedure should be performed like LEEP or cold knife conization

Question 29

name the disease: triad of precocious puberty, cafe au lait spots, and polyostotic fibrous dysplasia

Answer 29

mccune-albright syndrome

Question 30

describe the physical exam findings of adenomyosis

Answer 30

tendrer, symmetrically enlarged uterus without adnexal tenderness

Question 31

how does clomiphene citrate work?

Answer 31

acts by competing w/ endogenous estrogens and stimulates release of endogenous GnRH

Question 32

when do you do the first trimester screen?

Answer 32

11-13 wks, only for down syndrome

Question 33

what is the first trimester screen made up of?

Answer 33

nuchal translucency measured via ultrasound | PAPP-A & beta-hcg

Question 34

when should a pregnant lady get a quad screen?

Answer 34

16-18 weeks

Question 35

what is in a quad screen?

Answer 35

unconjugated estriol AFP bta-hcg inhibin-A

Question 36

when should a pregnant woman get an ultrasound for anatomy and dating?

Answer 36

18-20 weeks

Question 37

when do pregnant women get the screen for gestational diabetes?

Answer 37

26-28 weeks, one hour 50 g glucose tolerance test

Question 38

when should a pregnant woman get rhogam if its indicated?

Answer 38

28 weeks, may recheck antibody screen at this time

Question 39

when should pregnant women get a GBS culture?

Answer 39

35-37 weeks

Question 40

how many weeks gestational age is a women when her uterus is at the level of the pubic symphysis?

Answer 40

12 weeks

Question 41

how many weeks gestational age is a women when her uterus is b/w the pubic symphysis and umbilicus?

Answer 41

16 weeks

Question 42

how many weeks gestational age is a women when her uterus is at the level of the umbilicus?

Answer 42

20 weeks

Question 43

describe the first trimester screening findings of a pt that has a baby with down syndrome

Answer 43

1. increased beta-hcg 2. decreased PAPP-A 3. increased nuchal translucency

Question 44

which antibiotic is associated with kernicterus in the newborn?

Answer 44

sulfonamides | -they compete w/ bilirubin for binding sites on albumin, thereby leaving more bilirubin free for diffusion into tissues

Question 45

what is the #1 cause of maternal mortality in the first trimester?

Answer 45

ruptured ectopic pregnancy

Question 46

how long is the corpus luteum needed to sustain pregnancy?

Answer 46

10-12 weeks