First Aid Flashcards

Question

Eye Injury (treatment)

Answer 1

Take care if wearing contact lenses Advise casualty not to rub eye Gently separate eyelids with finger and thumb Examine the eye If you see foreign object, wash out with sterile solution/tap water, tilting head to keep water away from good eye If it doesn't work, apply eye pad to the affected eye & tell casualty to close good eye to keep injured eye still Make arrangement for casualty to get medical help (even if item is removed)

Answer 2

Wash eye with continuous flow of cool water for at least 20 minutes, tilting head so water doesn't run into good eye Give details of chemical to emergency services on arrival

Answer 3

Pain Difficulty speaking Bleeding Swelling Damage to tooth/teeth

Answer 4

Retrieve any broken parts and store in cow's milk Encourage casualty to rinse mouth with warm water Seek immediate attention from dentist

Answer 5

If possible, ask casualty to place tooth back into the socket (rinse tooth for max 10 seconds under cold water) If not possible, rinse under cold water for max 10 seconds and warp the tooth in cling film, if water not available store in cow's milk Seek immediate attention from dentist Where socket is bleeding get the casualty to bite on a sterile pas and maintain pressure

Answer 6

Injury Illness Fatigue Long periods in hot stuffy atmosphere Long periods of standing still

Answer 7

Nausea Blurred vision Black spots in front of eyes

Answer 8

Face may become pale Sweat may be visible on face, neck, hands Brief unconsciousness Cold clammy skin Shallow breathing Slow, weak pulse

Answer 9

Feels like they'll faint: Reassure them Advise them to breathe deeply but slowly Lay them down and raise legs Loosen tight clothing Where possible, ask bystanders to leave When they recover, give them sips of water Full faint: Lay casualty down and raise legs Check airway and breathing is normal If the casualty does not come around quickly and is breathing normally place in recovery position and monitor Call 999

Answer 10

FAST Face - has their mouth or side of the face drooped, can they smile Arms - Can they raise both arms Speech - Can they speak clearly and can they understand you Time - Call 999 immediately

Answer 11

Call 999 Keep casualty comfortable, if they are responsive lay them down with head slightly raised Re-assure them, but if they have a problem with speech they could have difficulty answering Monitor responsiveness and breathing If they become unconscious but breathing normally place in recovery position and monitor breathing

Answer 12

Difficulty breathing Dizziness Nausea Abdominal pains Confusion Headache

Answer 13

Evidence of poisonous substance e.g. chemicals, drugs, medication, food Unusual smell in area or on breath e.g. gases Vomiting Burns and swelling Pale skin

Answer 14

Move casualty to safe space Remove cause Do not induce vomiting For swallowed corrosive substances, rinse mouth and gives sips of water/milk Treat injuries e.g. burns If casualty is unconscious and breathing normally place in recovery position and monitor breathing Call 999 If CPR is required use face mask Collect and pass on any information on poison

Answer 15

Casualty will complain of pain In most cases there will be swelling in the area around the sting, there may be redness

Answer 16

If visible try to remove sting by brushing it out and away from the skin Apply a cold compress to relieve pain and swelling for up to 20 minutes For stings in the mouth the casualty should suck on ice, call 999 For severe sting see treatment for anaphylactic shock

Answer 17

Hypoglycaemia - Too little sugar Rapidly deteriorating level of responsiveness Hyperglycaemia - Too much sugar

Answer 18

Loss of concentration Rapid pulse Faintness or dizziness Trembling of the limbs Confusion Occasionally aggressive (mood swings)

Answer 19

Pale skin Profuse sweating Shallow breathing Unconsciousness Casualty could be mistaken for someone who is drunk

Answer 20

Conscious casualty: Sit them down and give them sugary drink or a form of sugar (glucose tablets 15-20g e.g 150ml fizzy drink/ fruit juice or 3 tsps. sugar) If casualty responds give further sugary food or drink, let them rest and advise them to seek further medical advice If they don't respond to treatment call 999 Unconscious casualty: Call 999 If you are sure casualty is breathing place in recovery position and monitor Monitor airway and breathing Carry out CPR if required

Answer 21

Will normally reognise symptoms themselves and manage their own treatment Symptoms/signs Excessive thirst, increased need to urinate, drowsiness Rapid pulse, sweet, fruity smelling breath Call 999

Answer 22

Casualty may collapse suddenly Muscles stiffen and back may arch Lips may go blue Limbs may make sudden jerking movement Eyes may roll Teeth may clench and saliva may drool Breathing could be like loud snoring Casualty may lose control of bladder

Answer 23

Support the casualty to keep their face out of the water Make sure casualty's head does not hit you or poolside If possible, support casualty in shallow water away from sides until seizure is over Once seizure has finished remove casualty from pool Once the seizure has finished casualty may feel tired and fall into deep sleep Monitor breathing Reassure casualty Be prepared to start CPR Call 999 for seizure in water as water may have been inhaled Do not restrain casualty and only move them if there is danger

Answer 24

Objects which could cause injury should be removed Protect the head, put something soft under head if on hard surface Loosen any clothing around casualty's neck that may restrict breathing Time the seizure to note exact time and duration

Answer 25

Casualty should rest quietly until they are fully recovered Casualty may feel tired and fall into deep sleep If you are sure they are breathing normally place into recovery position and monitor breathing

Answer 26

Seizure lasts longer than 5 minutes Casualty has a second seizure Casualty has injured themself It is the casualty's first ever seizure The casualty does not wake up after 10 minutes of recovery

Answer 27

Common signs are jerking and twitching Casualty plucking at their clothes Swallowing repeatedly Lip smacking Wondering around appearing dazed

Answer 28

Support casualty with head out of water Guide casualty away from pool or any danger Help casualty to sit or lie down in quiet place Reassure casualty Stay with casualty until they are fully alert

Answer 29

Nausea Loss of appetite Headaches Dizziness or confusion Rapid, weakened pulse and breathing Muscle cramp Sweating Pale clammy skin

Answer 30

Move casualty to a cool place Encourage them to sip water Assist the casualty to lie down and raise legs Cool the skin but do not allow them to get cold If casualty is unconscious and you are sure they are breathing normally place into recovery position Call 999

Answer 31

Cold Very slow pulse Tired Shivering Changes in behavior Slurred speech Confusion or forgetfulness Stiffening of muscles Pale, cold skin Infants may become quiet

Answer 32

Call 999 Handle casualty gently (in severe cases movement may cause heart to stop) Move casualty to warm place Remove wet clothing Assist casualty to sit in comfortable position Wrap blankets around casualty to gradually increase temperature Sip warm drink and eat high energy food (chocolate) Maintain close observation of casualty's breathing and level of consciousness If casualty is unconscious but breathing normally place into recovery position and monitor breathing