first aid Flashcards

1
Q

assessing a casualty

DRSABCD

A

Danger  is the area safe?

  • Response  check for a response. Is the casualty conscious?
  • Send for help  Call for an ambulance
  • Airways  Is the airway open and clear?
  • Breathing  look, feel and listen for breathing, if no signs start CPR
  • CPR  30 compressions/2 breaths
  • Defibrillator  attach a defibrillator ASAP
  • gather information
  • do head-to-toe examination
  • check vital signs
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2
Q

reasons for unconsciousness

A
(AEIOU TIPS)
Alcohol or asphyxiation 
- Epilepsy 
- Insulin 
- Overdose
- Uraemia- kidney damage 
- Trauma
- Infection
- Pretend, pressure or poison 
- stroke, spinal injury or shock 

place casualty in lateral position

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3
Q
CPR and Defib.
head tilt
pressure
depth
breaths
no. of breaths
compression rate
compression per min

adult, child, infant?

A

Adult (over 9 yrs) Child (1-8 yrs) Infant (birth- 1 yr)
Head Tilt Maximum Maximum Nil
Pressure Two hands One/two hands Two fingers
Depth 1/3 of chest depth 1/3 of chest depth 1/3 of chest depth
Breaths Full breaths Small breaths Puffs
No. of Breaths 2 2 2
Compression Rate 30 30 30
Compressions per min 100-120 100-120 100-120

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4
Q

common cause of cardiac arrest

A

Blockage of arteries  build-up of cholesterol or fatty substances meaning oxygenated blood can’t reach the muscle causing it to die

  • Electrocution
  • Envenomation
  • Drowning
  • Shock
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5
Q

treatment for cardiac arrest

A

CPR

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6
Q

tell me about shock

A

• Causes for shock:
- Serve bleeding - Fluid loss
- Major trauma - Heart damage
- Abnormal dilation of blood vessels due to infections, allergic reactions or serve brain or spinal injury
• 4 key signs of shock are: Pale, Sweaty, Agitated and thirsty
• Treatment:
- Control bleeding or treat wounds - Monitor Vital signs
- Keep casualty calm and warm - not hot - Lay casualty down
- NOTE: No eating or drinking

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7
Q

fainting treatment

A
  • Lay the casualty down- If pregnant, place on left-hand side
  • Elevate the legs

if they don’t recover quick call ambulence

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8
Q

Heart attack cause

A

serve constriction or total blockage of the cardiac vessels.

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9
Q

What is angina?

A

narrowing/blockage of the arteries

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10
Q

Chocking - outline treatment

A

lean forward, bend at waist, 5 hard blows, if unsuccessful 5 chest thrusts.

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11
Q

 Emphysema:

A

progressive chronic airway disease

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