First Aid Flashcards
What are the 6 priorities with First Aid?
- Always check safety;
- Do no harm;
- Preserve life;
- Alleviate suffering;
- Prevent the condition from worsening;
- Promote recovery
What medical situations should you notify the Flight Deck about?
Any situation
Who makes the decision about a call for medical assistance onboard?
Senior Cabin Crew
Who decides on the immediate landing of the aircraft in a medical situation?
Commander
When should a Medical Incident Report Form be filled out?
Any non-standard or unusual situation, occurrence experienced while on duty,
must be reported using a Medical Incident Report Form.
What are some of the mild symptoms for Dehydration?
Dry skin, Chopped lips, Scratchy throat, Itchy nose, Dry eyes, Dry mouth, Dizziness, Headache
What are some of the severe symptoms of Dehydration?
Rapid breathing, Rapid heartbeat, Muscle weakness, Severe dizziness, Up to unconsciousness
What is Hypoxia?
Condition of the body in which the tissues are deprived of oxygen due to an
insufficient supply, inadequate transportation or the inability of the body tissues to use
oxygen.
Brain and eyes are most sensitive.
What are some of the ways to recognise someone with Hypoxia?
Rapid breathing Difficulty with speaking Cyanosis ( bluish – grey ) lips, fingertips Anxiety Headache Nausea Euphoria Inability to perform simple tasks Feeling heavy, tired, sleepy
Definition of Time Of Useful Consciousness?
Describes the maximum time the crew has to make rational, life-saving decisions and carry them out at a given altitude without supplemental oxygen.
What is Hyperventilation?
The excessive rate and depth of respiration leading to abnormal loss of carbon dioxide from the blood.
How can you recognise Hyperventilation?
Unnaturally fast breathing Feeling short of breath Red skin colour Panic Anxiety Attention – seeking behaviour Dizziness or feeling faint Tingling in the hands Cramps in the hands and feet
What to do if a passenger is hyperventilating?
Make the casualty comfortable
Attempt to relief the casualty’s anxiety
Be calm and reassuring
COACH the casualty to slow down their breathing
Reassure and help the casualty to regain control of their breathing
Give sips of water
What is Hysteria?
It is a subconscious condition caused by a psychological stress. People having problems dealing with stress can present with a condition known as hysteria.
What is Sinus Barotrauma?
A sinus block that occurs in the frontal sinuses, located above each eyebrow, or in the maxillary sinuses, located in each upper cheek.
What is Altitude Meteorism?
At altitude, the gases trapped in our stomach and intestines may expand up to 25-30%.
What is Barotrauma?
The physical damage to body tissues caused by a difference in
pressure between a gas space inside, or in contact with, the body, and the
surrounding gas or fluid
How is Decompression Sickness caused?
Caused by the development of nitrogen bubbles in the blood and tissues as a result of a reduction of atmospheric pressure which happens too quickly for the body to dispose of the excessive nitrogen.
What are the three types of stress?
Acute, Episodic Acute Stress, Chronic Stress
What does SAMPLE interview stand for?
Signs and symptoms Allergies Medication Past Medical History/Pregnancy Last Oral Intake Events
What are some of the ways to reduce infection risks?
Practice routine handwashing
Identify sick and potentially infectious travellers
Treat all body fluids (such as diarrhea, vomit, or blood) like they are infectious
Wear recommended personal protective equipment (PPE)
Clean and disinfect contaminated areas
Dispose waste using recommended procedures
About 50% of the air in most modern aircrafts is re-circulated. However, air is only reused after having gone through what?
HEPA Filters
What is a biohazard?
A biological agent, organism or substance that poses a threat to human health.
What do First Aid kits contain?
Bandages Wound dressings Antiseptic wound treatment Disposable gloves Burn compresses Splints, scissors, and safety pins Medicine
When should Oxygen Bottles be used?
Oxygen bottles can be used for first aid purposes and as supplemental oxygen after decompression.
How should the cabin crew team be divided when doing first aid?
2 crew should provide first aid to the casualty
1 crew member should communicate with the flight deck
1 crew member should keep an eye on the safety of the flight and the wellbeing of the other passengers.
What does BAP stand for in the BAP rule?
Brain, Airways, Pulse
What is the AVPU scale?
To assess level of consciousness
How long can someone survive without oxygen?
3 minutes
What is the AVPU scale?
Alert, verbal, pain, unresponsive
When would you do a OPQRST interview?
In case of pain
What are examples of external clues in a medical assessment?
Bracelets Lockets Key Rings Medallions Inhalers Epinephrine Auto Injectors Nitroglycerine
What is considered a normal body temperature?
37
What does OPQRST stand for?
Onset Provocation Quality Radiation Severity Time
What is Asthma?
Asthma is a chronic lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways
What does Asthma cause?
Recurring periods of wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath and coughing
What does Asthma cause?
Recurring periods of wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath and coughing
When does a stroke occur?
A stroke occurs when a blood vessel that carries oxygen and nutrients to the brain is either blocked by a clot or bursts/ruptures
What does FAST stand for?
Face - Arm - Speech - Time
What is an Ischemic Stroke?
Blood flow is obstructed
What is an Hemorrhagic Stroke?
A ruptured blood vessel leaks blood into the brain
What is Epilepsy?
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder in which brain activity becomes abnormal, causing seizures or periods of unusual behaviour, sensations and sometimes a loss of awareness
What is Fever?
When body temperature rises above normal, 38 degrees.
What is Heat Exhaustion?
When you have been exposed to high temperatures, often comes with Dehydration
What is a Heat Stroke?
It is a serious medical condition where a person has become so warm, above 40°C that the body can’t be cool down by itself. The temperature gets dangerously high what can damage major organs like brain, liver, digestive tract or formation of blood clot in kidneys
What is a Heat Stroke?
It is a serious medical condition where a person has become so warm, above 40°C that the body can’t be cool down by itself. The temperature gets dangerously high what can damage major organs like brain, liver, digestive tract or formation of blood clot in kidneys
What is Hypothermia?
Reduced body temperature, below 35 degrees.
What are frostbites?
An injury caused by freezing of the skin and underlying tissues.
Who must be called if someone onboard has died?
The Doctor
If someone dies onboard, will the plane return, land at the nearest appropriate airport or continue to the destination?
The aircraft can continue to the final destination, although if it has only recently departed, it might be advisable to return.
