Fires Test Notes Flashcards
JFIRE ATP 3-09.32 for fires for the Apache
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Fire Support
Defined as fires that directly support land, maritime, amphibious, and special operations forces to engage enemy forces, combat formations…
Fire support Componanta
Target Acquisition (who sees it)
Fires command and control (who relays the info)
Delivery systems/attack resources (who has the equip)
Field artillery team
Observer - eyes
Fire Direction Control - brains
Gun line - brawn
Observer “eyes”
Finds a target
Adjusts fires to target
Provides surveillance data pertaining to their fires
accurate target location critical for achieving first round effects on targets
Fire direction center “brains”
“FDC”
Receives call for fire from the observer
Send fire order to firing unit
Determine how to attack the target
Determine firing data
Convert data into fire commands
Firing elements “brawn”
Receives data from the FDC
Fires the weapon and puts steel on target (ah-64, artillery pieces)
Determining target location (eyes)
Accurate target location is not only required for precision missions but for every fire mission
Target coordinate mensuration: a process observes use
Three Primary Methods
1) GRID coordinates using precision imagery with mensuration tools (laser, mao)
2) POLAR plot (laser poler)
3) SHIFT FROM KNOWN LOCATION
Types of observers
1) air observers
2) ground (IBCT, SCBT, ACBT)
Aerial recon (UAS, Aircraft) provides
- target updates
- situation updates
- intelligence
Dismounted observers
- scouts
- fire support team (13F)
Fire support targeting devices
FA Radar Systems
- Point of Origin (POO) sees small arms fire
- Point of Impact (POI)
M7 BFIST attached to ABCTs
Delivery/attack systems
Lethal: mortars, FA, ATTACK HELOS, FIXED WING, NAVAL GUNFIRE
Non-lethal: CIVIL AFFAIRS, MISO, ELECTRONIC ATTACK, COMPUTER NETWORK ATTACK, INFO OPS
Attack Helos
Tactical COMBAT AVIATION FIRE SUPPORT ROLES:
- **interdiction: a hasty or deliberate attack by army aircraft to divert, disrupt, delay, degrade, or destroy the enemy before they can be used effectively against friendly forces.
- **close combat attack (CCA)/ hasty attack
- **counter-fire
- **rear fire support
Benefits of attack helos as a delivery system
- mobility
- firepower
- reaction time
- no ground observer requirements
JFIRE Tells you what aircraft have what systems
Mortar systems
- most reactive system for infantry
- 60/81/120mm mortars 3200-7200m distances
- short range
Cannons/rockets
- 155mm
- big rockets
Fuzes(blasting cap) and projectiles
Fuzes
- **point detonating - super quick (immediate burst), delay (0.5 second delay), concrete piercing (tip designed for piercing, has delay)
- **time - mechanical (set time settings for various HOB), variable (radio signal reflects off target, detonates 7-10m above target)
Precision guided kit
- can go on any projectile - gps satellite link for accuracy (not a curve the bullet, minor corrections)
Lethal and special munitions
HE super quick - adjustment rounds
White Phosphorous - burns at 2000 degrees (for equipment)
APICM - best fir personnel in open
DPICM - high dud rate, automatic time, best rounds for tank (hundreds hit at a time from one round)
RAAMS - designed for vehicles, like a mine field
ADAMS - designed for personnel, with RAAMS to make both active
MLRS - surface rockets, “70k sniper rifle”
ATACMS
EXCALABER - precision
Combinations of Shell/Fuze Combo
- USE FUZE SELECTION CHART ON COMPUTER