Firearms and Ammunition Flashcards
What is the GST?
gang suppression team
How was GST used in edmonton?
seisure of guns and ammunitions they blockaded a vehicle
In accordance of what act does the CFP program work?
Firearms act
what is the CFP?
canadian firearms program
what does the CFP oversee?
oversees firearms, licences and registration
what does the CFP maintain?
firearm safety training standards, assists law enforcement agenscies, and aims to enhance public safety
what part of the criminal code regulates firearms?
part III
T/F: an antique firearm is not a firearm.
true
what is not a firearm?
antique firearms
devices designed exclusively for:
- signalling
- notifying of distress
- firing blank cartridges
- firing stud cartridges
- explosive-driven rivets
shooting device designed exclusively for:
- slaughtering domestic animals
- tranquilizing animals
What is a firearm?
A barelled weapon that discharges projectiles capable of causing bodily harm or death
T/F: a firearm can be anything that is adapted to fire projectiles.
true
what are the three classes of firearms?
non-restricted
restricted
prohibited
what are non-restricted firearms?
any rifle, or shotgun that is neither restricted nor prohibited
A restricted firearm has a barrel less than ___ mm in length.
470
what is a restricted firearm?
handguns that are not prohibited firearms
handguns with barrels equal or less than what is prohibited?
105 mm
prohibited handguns discharge what calibre cartridge?
25 or 32
how do rifles and shotguns become prohibited?
when they are adapted by sawing, cutting or any other alteration
what specific firearm is prohibited?
automatic
What kind of characteristics are level 1?
class
Level 1 characteristics are defined as what?
common features that are shared by a specific sub-group of the entire population
how are ammunition components first assessed?
based on class characteristics
what are examples of class characteristics?
- number
- width and direction of land and groove impressions,
- calibre,
- shape of firing pin,
what are level 2 details?
individual characteristics
how do you define level 2 characteristics?
imperfections or irregularities that are produced accidentaly and randomly during manufacture
how do individual marks appear?
during manufacturing process and also a result of use, abuse, corrosion, rust and wear
How do you compare cartridges?
by their microscopic marks
how do cartridges get marks?
when they are fires or cycled through the firearm causing contact and marks
T/F: just by loading a cartridge into a gun you will have unique marks
true
the raised spots on a rifle barrel are called what?
lands
the recessed spots on a rifle barrel are called what?
grooves
what is the difference in manufacturing of rifles and handguns to shotguns?
they have rifling
What does CIBIN mean? Who maintains it?
Canadian integrated ballistics identification network, maintained by the RCMP
What does IBIS mean? Who maintains it?
Integrated ballistics identification system, there is a national server in Ottawa
What does NIBIN mean? Who maintains it?
National integrated ballistics information network, United States
What is the GRC file? Who created it?
this is a searchable database listing firearm amkes and model class characteristics, created by FBI
what does weapon sanitization mean?
removing the serial numbers
what is the Lawrence case?
two Lawrence men tried to melt a gun in the microwave causing an explosion, police found a firearm with obliterated serial number
tampering with a firearm is covered under which section of the criminal code?
108
what is the punishment for tampering with a firearm?
imprisonment for a term not exceeding 5 years
A 3D printed weapon is referred to as what?
ghost gun
What happened in the Luigi Mangione case?
he 3D printed a pistol and shot the United Healthcare CEO Brian Thompson
T/F: privately manufactured firearms with anonymous origins can sometimes be traced back to the owner.
false, thse are completely anonymous and therefore untraceable.
how many 3D printed firearms were seized in 2022?
100
Define identification (interpretation of firearms)
the ammunition components were fired by the questioned/same firearm
T/F: to identify ammunition there must be an agreement in class and individual characteristics.
true
What is the false identification rate of bullets?
0.6%
What is the false identification rate of cartridge casings?
0.9%
Define inconclusive (interpretation of firearms)
ammunition components can neither be identified nor eliminated as having been fired from the same firearm
What was the main contributer to inconclusive results in firearm examination? what percentage?
bullets at ~60%
Define elimination (interpretation of firearms)
the ammunition components were not fired by the same firearm
what is the percentage of false elimination rates relating to bullets?
2.8%
what is the percentage of false elimination rates relating to cartridge casings?
1.8%
What was the problem with R v. Perez?
false identification rates
What happened during the first warrent of R v. Perez?
found a bullet hole in the bumper but not the actual bullet
What happened during the second warrent of R v. Perez?
they found a bullet and found the loaded 9mm handgun in the glove box with the bullet on the floor of the trunk
what is a common occurance in shooting incidents?
bullet ricochet
what contributes to ricochet?
surface type, reaction, bullet angle of incidence, bullet type, shape and construction, and impact velocity
what was the study with bullet ricochet?
empirical investigation of the behaviour of luger bullets on glazed ceramic wall and floor tiles.
T/F: angles of incidents between 5 and 7 differe greatly from eachother for mean ricochet angle.
false, they are almost the same
when is a ricochet bullet almost intact fully
at high mean ricochet angles
what does low mean ricochet angle lead to?
deformed bullets
what are caterpillar marks?
these are when the bullet slides along the surface of a tile causing marks
when are caterpillar marks larger?
at higher angles of incidence
what tissue does bullet design effect?
soft tissue
T/F: large and small caliber bullets have the same effect on the wound
false, the larger will be extremely similar but large to small will be very different
T/F: firing a gun will cause lipid degredation
no, this was not proven.
