Fire Investigation Flashcards
Fire can be defined as a ______ ______ in which a ______ combines with _______ with the production of ____
chemical reaction substance oxygen heat
what are the three properties of the fire triangle?
Heat
Oxygen
Fuel
Oxygen is __% of the air we breathe
21%
What are the three possible states of fuel?
Gas
Liquid
Solid
_____ is needed for a fire to start
Heat
Conduction is the ______ of ____ through a solid ______ i.e doors, walls
transfer
heat
medium
Convection is the ______ of heat within a _____ or __ by movement of the medium. i.e, warm air liberated by a convector heater.
passage
liquid
gas
What is an example of radiation?
the heat felt from the sun
What are the four products of combustion?
Carbon Dioxide
Carbon Monoxide
Water
Smoke
What are the 5 phases of a fire?
Incipient Phase Growth Phase Fully developed phase Decay Phase Extinction Phase
What are the 5 properties of radiation-induced flashover?
Flames spread horizontally across the ceiling in a room
Heat is radiated downwards
Radiated heat reaches approx 30kW/m2
Materials producing flammable pyrolysis products as smoke
Short while later individual items will burst into flames
what is an example of Smouldering combustion
A burning cigarette
What is the temperature of heat from a glowing combustion zone
600c
Spontaneous combustion is the outbreak of ____ in ________ material due to internal ____ _____ caused by a chemical or biological action.
Fire
Combustive
Self Heating
What are 5 examples of self-heating materials?
Animal feed Beans Carbon Coal Cotton Foam and plastic Hay Hemp Iron filings Oils Peat Rags Sawdust Soap powder Wood fibreboard Wool
10 safety rules when entering the scene of a fire?
Never enter a building without the permission of the fire officer (rank station officer or above) Hard Hat One piece overall (bright coloured) Steel toe cap boots, puncture proof soles Stout gloves Eye protection First aid kit Good light Make sure everyone knows where you are Tetanus up to date
What are the 4 most frequent sources of danger at the scene of a fire?
Weakening or collapsing walls/roofs/stairs
The presence and possible leakage of hazardous materials
Domestic services e.g electricity
Re-ignition
What are the 6 roles of the crime scene investigator
Risk assessment preservation of the scene assessment and advise examination of the scene photography of the scene Identify, package and collect evidence
What are the two main objectives of fire investigation?
Locate the seat of the fire
Establish the cause of the fire (arson or accidental)
Rapidly developing fires or large fires produce ____ _____ locations
poor seat
Where there is no flashover the seat of the fire can be found where?
at the lowest point of the burning
What are the 6 signs that help locate the seat of the fire
Smoke Directional burning patterns Plaster Distortion and melting Burning of timber Indirect Methods
What are the 6 signs that Arson has taken place?
Multiple seats of fire Presence of containers, matches etc Pool shaped burning on floor materials Smell of accelerants Evidence of delayed action devices Petrol bomb remains
4 Rules for collection arson evidence
Generous samples in an area that smells of accelerants
Loose debris - shovelful
Carpet or wood - square foot
Control samples
