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Fiqh > Fiqh > Flashcards

Fiqh Flashcards

1
Q

Basics of Islam

What does Islam mean?

One of the three aspects of Din

A

To bear witness there is no god but Allah (Subhanahu Wa Ta’ala) and Muhammad (SallAllahu Alayhi Wasallam) is his Messenger; to establish salaah, to give zakah, to fast in ramadan and to perform Hajj.

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2
Q

Basics of Islam

What is Iman?

One of the three aspects of Din

A

To believe in Allah (Subhanahu Wa Ta’ala), His angels, His books, His messengers, in the Last Day, and in qadar (fate)- both good and bad.

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3
Q

Basics of Islam

What is Ishan?

One of the three aspects of Din

A

To serve Allah (Subhanahu Wa Ta’ala) as if you see Him, and though you do not see Him, He sees you.

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4
Q

Basics of Islam

What are the types of rulings?

A
  1. Fard (an obligatory action; commandment from Allah (Subhanahu Wa Ta’ala)
  2. Wajib (second to fard. Must always be done)
  3. Sunnah (something that the Prophet (SallAllahu Alayhi Wasallam) said, did, or encouraged)
  4. Nafl (a good act. Brings a reward but there is no sin if not done)
  5. Makruh (an act disliked by Allah (Subhanahu Wa Ta’ala) and His Messenger (SallAllahu Alayhi Wasallam))
  6. Haram (forbidden by Allah (Subhanahu Wa Ta’ala) and must be avoided)
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5
Q

Basics of Islam

What is Taharah?

A

cleanliness

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6
Q

Basics of Islam

How do you perform ghusl?

A
  1. Make Intention
  2. wash your hands up to the wrist
  3. remove any dirt from your private areas
  4. perform Wudu (but leave washing your feet until the end)
  5. pour water over your entire head and body three times
  6. rub the water through your hair three times
  7. wash your feet three times
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7
Q

Basics of Islam

What are the fard actions of ghusl?

A
  1. rinsing ones mouth
  2. cleaning ones nose
  3. washing the whole head and body once
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8
Q

Basics of Islam

How do you perform wudu?

A
  1. Make intention
  2. Wash the hands up to the wrists (three times)
  3. clean the teeth with a miswak
  4. rinse the mouth and gargle (3)
  5. Clean the nose (3)
  6. Wash face (3)
  7. wash both arms (right first) to the elbows (3)
  8. wipe whole head (1)
  9. wipe the inner and outer parts of the ears
  10. wash the feet (right first) including thr ankles (3)
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9
Q

Basics of Islam

What are the fard actions for wudu?

A
  1. wash the entire face once
  2. wash both arms once
  3. wipe a quarter of the head
  4. wash both feet once
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10
Q

What are the sunnahs of Wudu?

A
  • Recite the duas taught by the Prophet ﷺ
  • Rub the limbs when washing them
  • Do not waste water
  • Perform rwo rak’ahs of nafl salah after wudu
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11
Q

Basics of Islam

What is Najasah (meaning)?

A

Means substances that are unclean

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12
Q

What are the two forms or Najasah?

A

Najasah ghalizah: Heavy or severe forms
Najasah khafifah:lighter or lesser forms

When it is on the body or clothing, it should be removed before performing Salaah. For Najasah ghalizah, a size of a dirham is excused. For Najasah khafifah, an amount of up to a quarter of the clothes or limb is excused (it is always better to clean the clothes or body)

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13
Q

What is Instinja?

A

To clean oneself. (after the washroom)

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14
Q

What is Bulugh?

A

Maturity
Once a person becomes mature, they need to remove the hair around the private areas as well from the armpits. They cannot neglect this for more than 40 days.

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15
Q

Basics of Islam (performing Salah)

What does Khushu mean?

A

Devotion in Salah.
Salah is the remembrance of Allah (Subhanahu Wa Ta’ala) and requires utmost devotion and concentration.

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16
Q

Basics of Islam (performing Salah)

What is the qiblah?

A

The qiblah is the direction of the Ka’abah in Makkah, and is therefore also the direction one faces when performing Salah.

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17
Q

Basics of Islam (performing Salah)

What are other important Salah?

A
  1. Jumu’ah (performed on Fridays in congregation instead of Duhr)
  2. Tarawih (performed after Isha in Ramadan (in units of two))
  3. Eid (performed in congregation after sunrise and before the begining of Dhur)
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18
Q

Basics of Islam (performing Salah)

What are the requirements before Salah?

A
  1. Clean body
  2. Clean clothes
  3. Clean place
  4. Covering the awrah
  5. Facing teh qiblah
  6. Praying at the right time
  7. Making the right niyyah
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19
Q

Basics of Islam (performing Salah)

What do you do if you make mistakes in Salah?

A

When making a mistake during prayer, you perform Sujud al-sahw “Prostration of Forgetfulness”.
Method:
1. Recite tashahhud
2. perform two sajdahs
3. sit and complete all the actions of the last sitting again
4. say both salams to end salah

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20
Q

Basics of Islam (performing Salah)

How do you perform Salah when travelling?

A

48 miles or more: must shorten Duhr, Asr and Isha
When stoping for 15 nights or more: Shorten Duhr, Asr and Isha

shorten from 4 to 2 rak’ahs

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21
Q

Perfecting Salah (fiqh)

What is Nafl salah?

A

Voluntary prayers

Gains the love of Allah Subhanahu wa ta ala

22
Q

Perfecting Salah (fiqh)

What is Salat al-Ishraq? Quantity and reward?

A

The prayer after sunrise in two rak’ahs (units). A complete Hajj and umrah

23
Q

Perfecting Salah (fiqh)

What is Salat al-Duha? Quantity and reward?

A

The mid-morning prayer. Up to 4 rak’ahs (in units of 2). Will take care of you for the rest of the day.

24
Q

Perfecting Salah (fiqh)

What is Salat al-Tahajjud? Quantity and reward?

A

The night prayer. Units of two. Increased good deeds.

25
Q

Perfecting Salah (fiqh)

What is Salat al-Tarawih? Quantity and reward?

A

The prayer with rests. Units of two to twenty rak’ahs. All prevouis sins will be forgiven.

26
Q

Perfecting Salah (fiqh)

What is Sajdat al-Shukr?

A

The prostration of gratitude.

You can pray nafl salah in a car or vehicle without facing the qiblah.

27
Q

What are the requirements for an imam?

A
  1. Must be Muslim
  2. Must be baligh (pass the age of puberty)
  3. Must be sane (cannot suffer from illnesses that affect their reasoning or mental awareness)
  4. Must be male
  5. Must be able to recite parts of the Qur’an from memory.

An imam is responsible for his and others Salah

28
Q

Leading Salah (fiqh)

When there is no fixed imam, how can a person be appointed as it?

A
  1. Most knowledgeable about the Sunnah
  2. The most learned about the Book of Allah Subhanahu wa ta ala.
  3. The most cautious in actions.
  4. The most senoir in age and maturity.

The owner of a house is most deserving of the imam when praying salah.

29
Q

Leading Salah (fiqh)

What makes it makruh for someone to lead salah.

A
  1. They suffer from a lisp, stutter or stammer
  2. They are ma’dhur (someone whom the rules of salah have been relaxed due to an excuse)
  3. They are a person whom is publically and openly disobedient of Allah Subhanahu wa ta ala.
30
Q

Leading Salah (fiqh)

What is Istikhlaf?

A

Substitute for the imam.
If an imam breaks his wudu during Salah, he should gently pull someone from the first row to come forward.

lahiq is someone who joins the prayer at start loses one or more rak’ah

31
Q

Leading Salah (fiqh)

What are the audiable parts of Salah?

A
  1. All takbirs
  2. Salam
  3. Tasmi (Sami’Allahu li man hamidah)
  4. Recitation of the Qur’an in the prayers that are not performed in the daytime or everyday (Fajr, Maghrib, Isha, Eid, Jumu’ah)

A’isha radiallahu anha spred 2210 ahaditths and the most scholarly woman

32
Q

Leading Salah (fiqh)

What are the inaudiable parts of Salah?

A
  1. Thana
  2. Basmalah
  3. Tasbih
  4. Dua
  5. Amin

Tajweed is very important

33
Q

Leading Salah (fiqh)

What are muqtadis?

A

Followers

In the past, anyone in a position of leadership was considered an imam.

34
Q

Leading Salah (fiqh)

How can you correct an error made by the imam?

A

The imam is only allowed to take corrections from muqtadis in the same salah.
Posture wrong:
1. Tasbih (saying ONLY subhanAllah) for men
2. clapping the back of the hand, for women.
Recitation error:
Say the correct words.

imam has to say 3 short or 1 long verse of the Qur’an for it to be valid

35
Q

Hajj (fiqh)

What is Hajj?

A

Hajj means ‘to advance’. Hajj is one of the five pillars of Islam. Muslims go to Makkah to perform pilgrimage.

36
Q

Hajj (fiqh)

What is Umrah?

A

Umrah is a lesser pilgrimage which means ‘to visit’.

37
Q

Hajj (fiqh)

What is the reward for Umrah and Hajj?

A

Remove poverty and sins

38
Q

Hajj (fiqh)

What were the orgins of Hajj?

A

It began with Prophet Ibrahim Alayhis Salaam, who rebuilt the Ka’bah.

Haram means forbidden or sacred

39
Q

Hajj (fiqh)

What are the steps for Umrah?

A
  1. Get in a state of ihram
  2. Performing Tawaf (seven curcuits around the Ka’bah)
  3. Performing sa’y (walking between Safa and Marwa)
  4. Exiting ihram
40
Q

Hajj (fiqh)

What are the rules of ihram?

A
  1. No perfume, deodorant or other scents
  2. No trimming hair or cutting nails
  3. Forbidden from plucking grass or plants, and hunting or harming animals.
    Men:
  4. Must leave their heads uncovered
  5. Cannot cover the upper part of their feet
  6. Cannot wear sewn garments like shirts, socks, etc.
    Women:
  7. Cannot cover their faces during ihram. if they veil themselves from others, the clothing must not touch their face
41
Q

Hajj (fiqh)

What are the two types of violations of ihram?
What are the penalties?

A

Major (violation)
Minor (violation)
Fasting, Sadaqah otr sacrificing an animal

42
Q

Hajj (fiqh)

Give an example of a major violation.

A

Wearing sewn garments for an entire day or night, applying perfume to a whole limb or cutting all the nails of a hand or foot.

43
Q

Hajj (fiqh)

What is the penalty for a valid/invalid excuse for a major violation?

A

Valid excuse: choose between fasting for three days, donating the value of three sa’as of wheat or sacrificing an animal

Invalid excuse: sacrifice an animal

Sa is equal to fourhandful (both hand) of grain in the time of prophet ﷺ

44
Q

Hajj (fiqh)

What is the penalty for a minor violation?

A

Donate the amount of Sadaqat al-fitr to the poor

45
Q

Hajj (fiqh)

Give an example of a minor violation.

A

Wearing sewn garments for less than an entire day or night, applying perfume to less than a whole limb or cutting one or two nails of a hand or foot.

46
Q

Hajj (fiqh)

Explain Tawaf

A

The act of completing seven curcuits around the Ka’bah (requires wudu).

Raise your hand towards the Black Stone and say takbir. Then walk anitclockwise around the Ka’bah with the Black Stone on your left 7 times (use it as a checkpoint).
After completing pray 2 rak’ahs of salah (wajib)

47
Q

Hajj (fiqh)

Explain Sa’y

A

This is the act of walking seven times between the two famous mountains (Safa and Marwah). Going from one mountain (Safa) to another (Marwah) is one round and returning is another.
There are some green lighrts in between. Men should jog while women should walk.

48
Q

Hajj (fiqh)

What are some additional rules for Tawaf?

A

Males should uncover their right arm and shoulder throught the seven circuits (sunnah and called idtiba).

49
Q

Hajj (fiqh)

How do you enter ihram?

A
  1. Make intention for ihram
  2. Wear the clothes for ihram
  3. Recite the talbiyah (Labbayka…)
50
Q

Hajj (fiqh)

How to exit ihram?

A

Men shave off their hair and women trim an inch from the tips.
Men with long hair have the option to trim an inch but it is better to shave because the Prophet ﷺ made du’a for mercy three rime for those who shave their hair and once from trim.

51
Q

What is Makkah?

A

The sacred city, Mother of all settlements . And dearest to the Prophet ﷺ.
-Birthplace of the Prophet ﷺ
-Cave of Hira

52
Q
A

Fiqh (1 decks)

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