Finger Clubbing

Question 1

Grades of Finger Clubbing

Answer 1

1. Fluctuations of nail bed
2. Loss of angle between nail and nail bed.
3. increased curvature of nail.
4. Expansion of terminal phalanx, drum sticks appearance.

Question 2

Causes of finger clubbing

Answer 2

Heart causes.
-Infective endocarditis 
-Cyanotic heart disease (Tetralogy of Fallot.
Transposition of the great vessels.
Pulmonary atresia.
Total anomalous pulmonary venous return.
Truncus arteriosus.
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome.
Tricuspid valve abnormalities)

Lung diseases

• Cystic fibrosis
• Bronchitis
• Lung abscess
• Lung cancer

GI

• crohns disease
• ulcerative colitis
• Chronic dysentery
• Chronic liver disease
• CKD