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A-Level OCR A Chemistry - 5A The rate equation > Finding intial rates experimentally > Flashcards

Finding intial rates experimentally Flashcards

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1
Q

How do you find initial rate from experimental data?

A
  1. Measure the change in conc. over time for a reactant or product
  2. Plot a conc./time graph
  3. Draw a tangent to the curve at t = 0
  4. Find the gradient of the tangent
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2
Q

What are methods of monitoring concentration?

A

Colorimeter, gas syringe, balance or electrolysis

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3
Q

What is a colorimeter used for?

A

Measure light absorbance

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4
Q

What does a colorimeter measure?

A

Coloured compounds

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5
Q

What does a gas syringe or a balance measure?

A

Gases

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6
Q

What does a gas syringe or a balance measure?

A

Gases

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7
Q

What is a gas syringe/balance used for?

A

Measure volume of gas produced

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8
Q

What does electrolysis measure?

A

Ions

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9
Q

What is electrolysis used for?

A

To measure conductivity

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10
Q

What is continuous monitoring?

A

Measure change in property overtime

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11
Q

What can continuous monitoring used for?

A

Conc./time graph can be plotted and rate found from gradient

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12
Q

What are advantages of continuous monitoring?

A

It is more accurate than the clock method

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13
Q

What are disadvantages to continuous monitoring?

A

More work to monitor multiple reactions and takes longer to process (use gradient)

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14
Q

What is the clock method?

A

Times how long for an observable change to happen

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15
Q

What is the clock method used for?

A

The shorter the time, the faster the rate and is used to find initial rate

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16
Q

How do you find rate from clock method?

A

Rate is proportional to 1/time

17
Q

How do you find order of reaction from the clock method?

A

Determined from shape of 1/time vs conc. graph

18
Q

What are advantages of the clock method?

A

Quick and simple to do and easy to process (1/time method)

19
Q

What are disadvantages of the clock method?

A

Gives approximation but have to carefully pick quantities

20
Q

How does 1/time give a measure of initial rate?

A

Initial rate is proportional to 1/time as conc. is constant

21
Q

How can order of reaction be determined from 1/time

A

Can plot a graph of 1/time/conc, and observe the shape

A-Level OCR A Chemistry - 5A The rate equation (4 decks)

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