Financial statements Flashcards

1
Q

What is a balance sheet?

A

An overview of the financial situation of a company at a particular moment in time

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2
Q

What are balance sheet mutations?

A

Each financial transaction that influences the balance sheet

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3
Q

What are assets?

A

Resources that a company owns, displayed on the debit side of balance sheet, you always put them from highest to lowest

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4
Q

What are non-current / fixed assets?

A

These can be used more than once. E.g.: cars, equipment, buildings, etc.

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5
Q

What are current assets?

A

Can only be used once. E.g.: inventory

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6
Q

Name a few financing sources on the credit side:

A

Equity
Non-Current liabilities
Current liabillities

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7
Q

What is equity?

A

Amount of money that the owners have invested in the company

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8
Q

What are non-current liabilities:

A

Long term financial obligations of the company to others (long term loan/mortgage)

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9
Q

Current liabilities:

A

Short term obligations, amounts the company still needs to pay to the owner, trade payables, short term (within one year)

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10
Q

What is an equilibrium?

A

When the credit and debit sides are equal

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11
Q

Finish the sentence: assets are…

A

Equity + liabilities

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12
Q

Accounts receivable. Debit or credit?

A

Debit

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13
Q

Accounts payable. Debit or credit?

A

Credit

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14
Q

The equity increases when (2):

A
  1. There is a direct investment by the owner

2. There is reinvestment of the profit in the business

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15
Q

The equity decreases when (2):

A
  1. Direct capital withdrawal by the owner

2. Business realizes a loss

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16
Q

How is depreciation calculated?

A

(value - scrap value) / amount of periods

17
Q

What is redemption?

A

Paying back money that you borrowed (= paying back a loan)

18
Q

What are receivables?

A

When you don’t receive the cash yet but do deliver the product already

19
Q

What is pre-paid?

A

When you have paid for something already

20
Q

What is an income statement?

A

Shows the revenues and expenses over a certain period of time

21
Q

What are revenues?

A

Monetary value of goods and services sold

22
Q

What are expenses?

A

Monetary value of production means used

23
Q

What is cash basis accounting?

A

Only recognizes a transaction when you spend or receive money (e.g. when you cash a check) this form of accounting is better if you deal with customers and have a lot of transactions

24
Q

What is accrual basis accounting?

A

Recognizes a transaction when money is earned but not exchanged (e.g. sending an invoice) this method is best if you deal with large businesses and don’t always get paid right away

25
Q

What is depreciation?

A

The loss of value of tangible fixed assets. This is an expense because you used the asset and now it is worth less, depreciation is never a payment

26
Q

Name a few examples of expenses:

A
  1. Cost of goods sold
  2. Operating expenses
  3. Financing expenses
  4. Income tax
27
Q

What is cost of goods sold:

A

Cost of producing or acquiring the goods or services sold

28
Q

What are operating expenses:

A

Expenses related to the operations of the company like: selling, general & administrative expenses, salaries, rent, property, taxes, depreciation

29
Q

What is gross profit?

A

The difference between revenue and cost of goods sold

30
Q

What are receipts?

A

All the money that flows into the firm over a certain period

31
Q

What are payments?

A

All the money that flows out of the firm over a certain pariod

32
Q

What is Net Cash Flow?

A

Difference between cash receipts and cash payments