Financial Management and Pricing- Final Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

___-___ is __ if operations are to be successful, especially with today’s economy and competitive market.

A

cost-effectivness, essential.

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2
Q

Every person responsible for the financial management must ___, __ by __, what __ have ___ ___ and how they ___ with ___ ___.

A

know, day by day, transactions, taken place, compare, established goals.

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3
Q

Purpose of accounting: ___ (select ___ ___), ___ (___ and ___) and ___ (prep financial __, ___ and __ them).

A

Identify (financial transactions), Record, (classify and summarize), communicate (reports, analyze and interpret them)

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4
Q

Financial management is an important management function and requires ___ of ___ ___ techniques.

A

knowledge, fundamental accounting

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5
Q

Financial accounting focuses on ___, ___ and ___ financial transactions that include: ___, ___, ___, ___, ___, and ___ ___.

A

recording, summarizing, and reporting, revenue, expense, profit, assets, liabilities, and owners’ equity.

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6
Q

Revenue is ___ taken ___.

A

money, in

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7
Q

Expense is ___ of everything required to ___ the business.

A

cost, operate

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8
Q

Profit is what ___ ___ all ___ have been paid.

A

remains, after, expenses.

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9
Q

Assets are ___ ___ by the business.

A

items, owned.

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10
Q

Liabilities are amounts the ___ __.

A

business. owes

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11
Q

Owners’ equity is the difference between ___ and ___ is equal to the ___ that ___ have on the ___.

A

assets and liabilities, claim, owners, assets.

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12
Q

Uniform System of Accounts for Restaurants (USAR)- developed by the ___ ___ ___. Agreed-uopn system of __ for ___ ___.

A

National Restaurant Association, accounting, foodservice, industry.

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13
Q

Large foodservice organizations (hospitals, universities) may have ___ ___ department. (Foodservice manager works with ___).

A

own, accounting. CFO

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14
Q

Assets= ___+____

A

Liabilities + Equity

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15
Q

Balance sheet: (____) is financial ___ of ___ of business on a given ___/___ in ___.

A

static, summary, health, date/point in time.

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16
Q

Income statement: (____); financial report including: ___, ___, ___ ___ over ___ of ___.

A

dynamic, revenue, expenses, net income, period of time.

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17
Q

Financial Records: ___ for ___, the ___ ___, the ___ ___ and ___ ___.

A

records, for control, income statement, balance sheet, ratio analysis.

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18
Q

Careful __ ___ is essential for ___ day-to-day ___ ___ and to serve as the ___ of financial statements.

A

record keeping, monitoring, financial date, foundation.

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19
Q

____ where the money is going before its gone= ___ of ___ ___.

A

knowing, responsibility, foodservice manager.

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20
Q

___, ___ of ___, and ___ of ___ depends on organization. (School).

A

numbers, types of records, freq. of documentation

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21
Q

Most systems are ____. 1st step is to ___ appropraite forms for data ___.

A

computerized. design, organization.

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22
Q

Records for control: used to collect data on ___ ___ of ___. May be classified by ___: ___ and ___ ___, ___ and ____ records, ___ ___, ___ records, ___ and ___ records, and __ and ___ ___.

A

major phases, operation. function: purchasing and receiving records, storage and storeroom records, food production, service records, income and expense records, and sales and cash receipts.

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23
Q

Purchasing and receiving records: ____ orders, ___, ___ records, ____, and ____ reports.

A

purchase, invoices, receiving, requisitions, discrepancy

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24
Q

Records for control: Storage and storeroom records: ___ or ___ issue records, ____ inventory, and ___ inventory.

A

requisition, storeroom, perpetual, physical

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25
Q

Food production: __, ___ recipes, ___ ___ standards, ___ ___ and ____ report, and ___ and ___.

A

menu, standardized, portion control, production schedule, leftovers, forecasts and tallies.

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26
Q

Service records: used to collect and __ ___ ___ for eating occasions and individual menu items. Data= ___ ___. Used to ___ ___ of ___ per service unit for upcoming fiscal year.

A

track actual demand
volume indicators
predict volume business.

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27
Q

Census Record-Keeping form: ___ to commercial foodservice. The “to date” figures are __ for the month. ** Example of ___ ___.

A

adaptable, cumulative, service record.

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28
Q

Meal Census Summary sheet: meal count summary sheet suitable for ___ ___ ___. Example of ___ ___.

A

health care facilities, service record.

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29
Q

Catering Agreement form: also serves as a record of ___ ___. Ex: of ___ ___.

A

numbers served, service record

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30
Q

Income and Expense Records: record of ___ ___ is ___. (__ of ___, ___ of ___, and where ___ goes.)
Several records needed to ___ info.

A

daily transactions, essential, source, income, amount, income, income. provide info.

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31
Q

Sales and cash receipts: must account for ___ ___. Register= safe place for ___, gives __ ___ on number of ___ and ___ received.

A

money received, money, accurate counts, sales and cash.

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32
Q

Larger organizations use cash registers of varying degrees including electronic point-of-sale (___) computer terminals.

A

POS

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33
Q

POS terminals= ___ ___, ___ of ___ ___, and ____.

A

summary printouts, proof cash collected, programmable.

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34
Q

___ of income from all sales and all payments for items is ___.

A

records, essential.

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35
Q

No records are on any value unless: ___ ___, ___ and ___ by ___.

A

kept daily, accurate, used by management.

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36
Q

The ___ ___ is a summary of financial information for a defined accounting period.

A

income statement.

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37
Q

income statement: shows whether or not the business __ or ___ ___ during ___ ___.

A

made, lost, money, reporting period.

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38
Q

Cost of food sold in a foodservice establishment is calculated by: ___ at ___ of ____, PLUS ___ made during ___, EQUALS ___ ___ of ___ ___, LESS ___ at ___ of ___, EQUALS ___ of ____ ___ during _____.

A

inventory, beginning, period, purchases, period, total value of available food, inventory end period, cost of goods sold during period.

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39
Q

Income statement: if operation sells alcohol and food, include separate listings for sales & cost of sales for ____, ______,
____ on income statement

A

alcohol, beer, wine.

40
Q

Gross profit (income) is calculated by ____ ___ of ___ ___ from ___ or ___.

A

subtracting cost of goods sold, sales, revenue.

41
Q

New profit is calculated by ___ ___ and other ___ ___ from ___ ___.

A

subtracting, labor, operating expense, gross profit.

42
Q

Summary of profit and loss: Income; less ___ of ___ ___; equals ___ ___; less ___, ___ and ___ ___; equals ___ ___ or ___.

A

cost of food sold, gross profit, labor, overhead, and operating costs, net profit or loss.

43
Q

The ___ ___ provides information about the ___ of a ___ and how well its assets have been used to meet the financial goals of the operation.

A

balance sheet, value of a business,

44
Q

Balance sheet: listing of ___, ____, ___ on a ___ ___.

A

assets, liabilities, capital, specific fate.

45
Q

___ ___ is widely used in the foodservice industry. Various ratios are useful for ___ present ___ to a previous time period; to another company’s performance; to industry averages; and/or to budgeted figures.

A

ratio analysis, comparing, performance.

46
Q

income statement figures mean little unless they can be ____ in some way.

A

compared

47
Q

Ratio= ___ ___ of ___ between ___ numbers.

A

mathematical expression, relationship, 2.

48
Q

Ratio may be presented as: ____ ___, ___, ___, and ___ ___ ___.

A

common ratio (ratio of food sales to liquor sales_, percentage (food cost as a percentage of sales), turnover (number of times inventory turns over in month), and dollars generated per seat in restaurant).

49
Q

Ratio= classified into ___. Category depends on ___ they are designed to answer. Categories are ___, ___, ___, ___, and ____.

A

categories, question.

liquidity, solvency, activity, profitability, and operating.

50
Q

Liquidity- the organization ___ to ___ its ___ when they are due.

A

able, pay, bills.

51
Q

Solvency- the organization __ to ___ its ___-___ ____ ___.

A

able, meet, long-term, financial obligations.

52
Q

Activity- how ___ is the organization ___ its ____.

A

effectively, using, assets.

53
Q

Profitability- how ___ is management in ___ ___, ___ ____ and ___ a ___?

A

effective, generating sales, controlling expenses, providing profit.

54
Q

Current ratio= ___ __ to ___ ___.

A

current assets to current liabilities.

55
Q

Liquidity:Quick (Acid-test) Ratio= ___ + ___ ___ + ___ ___ to ____ ___.

A

cash, accounts receivable, marketable securities to current liabillities.

56
Q

solvency: solvency ratio= ___ ___ to ___ ___.

Debt to equity ratio= ___ ___ to ___ ___ ___.

A

total assets to total liabilities.

total liabilities, total owner’s equity.

57
Q

Activity: food inventory turnover= __ __ ___ ___/ ___ ___ ___.
Avg. inventory is ___ __ __ + __ __ ___ / __

A

cost of food sold/ average food inventory.

beg. food inventory + ending food inventory/ 2

58
Q

Profitability: profit margin= __ __/ ___.
return on equity= __ __/__
Return on assets: __ __/ __ __.

A

net profit/sales.
net profit/equity
net profit/ total assets

59
Q

Operating: sales mix- ___ __ to ___ ___.

A

food sales, beverage sales.

60
Q

Operating: average customer check= ___ __/ ___ of __ __.

A

total sales/ number of guests served.

61
Q

Operating: seat turnover= ___ ___/__ of ___.

A

covers served/ number of seats.

62
Q

Labor cost percent: cost of labor (__,___,___)/ total sales. EXAM

A

salaries, wages, benefits

63
Q

Food cost per patient or per student= ___ ___/ ___ of ___ or ___ served.

A

food cost/ number of patients, students served.

64
Q

Many factors affect ___ __ and all must be considered in order to assign financially viable menu prices.

A

menu pricing

65
Q

Manager must= ___ ___ for establishing selling price.

A

sound basis.

66
Q

Haphazard methods= ___ __ or ___ ___.

A

financial disaster, dissatisfied customers.

67
Q

Managers goal: establish menu prices that = ___ ___/___ relationship in ___ ___ and also achieve a ___ for operation.

A

good price/value customer’s mind, profit.

68
Q

Common factors affecting menu pricing: ___ ___, ___ of ___, __ of ____.

A

local competition, level of service, type of customer.

69
Q

Common factors affecting menu pricing: ___ quality, ___ sizes, and ____ (prices may be higher if supported by __ __ and ___)

A

product, portion, ambiance, product quality, ambiance.

70
Q

Common factors cont: ___ period, ____, and ___ mix.

A

meal, location, sales.

71
Q

Sales mix= the freq. with which menu items are selected by ___ and may have the most ___ on setting ___ ___ prices.

A

customers, influence, realistic, menu.

72
Q

Common factors cont: __ and ___ cost, and ___ ___ ___.

A

food, labor, costs, desired, profit, margin.

73
Q

2 basic approaches to menu pricing: ___ ___ and ___ ___. Goals for both: ___ __ and __ ___ ___ in ___.

A

marketing approach, cost approach

maximize volume, maintain competitive position, market.

74
Q

Marketing approach: seeks to __ __ with ___ ___.

A

align pricing with customer expectations.

75
Q

Cost approach: considers ___ ___ and ___ ___.

A

operation’s costs and profit goals.

76
Q

Common pricing methods: food cost percentage: selling price based on __ __ __ of menu items and ___ ___. Selling price appropriate for the type of ___ and the ___ ___ __ % level the foodservice wishes to maintain.

A

raw food cost, pricing factor. organization, desired food cost,

77
Q

Food cost percentage: item food cost= raw food cost +___% hidden cost.
pricing factor= ___% / desired food cost percentage of the selling price.

A

10, 100

78
Q

raw food cost- found by ___ the ___ __ for each menu item.

A

costing, standardized recipe.

79
Q

Pricing factor (markup factor)- found by dividing ___ __ __ __ that the foodservice wants to maintain into ___. 100= ___ ___ or 100percent. Result is ___ or ___ ___.

A

desired food cost percentage, 100. total sales, pricing, markup factor.

80
Q

Pricing factor: cannot be used ___ to calculate ___ ___. Must account for “___” items given with meal (salt, pepper, condiments etc.

A

alone, selling price. free

81
Q

Pricing factor- ___ and ___ ___ must be accounted for. Add ___% to recipe cost before markup.

A

unproductive and hidden costs. 10%

82
Q

A food cost percentage ranging between ___% and ___% is typical.

A

25% and 45%

83
Q

ratio price: selling price= food cost/pricing ratio. Pricing ratio= food cost for a specific period of ___/ ___ for same period of time.

A

time/ sales

84
Q

Ratio price: does not consider ___ and may result in menu items being priced too ___ or too ___.

A

labor, high, low.

85
Q

Prime cost considers ___ ___ separate from __ __. Disadvantage is that it is ___-____. Advantage is that this method of pricing more accurately reflects the __ __ __ on a __-___ basis.

A

labor costs, food costs. time-consuming. direct labor cost, per-item basis.

86
Q

Percentage markup: based on an established ___ ___ ___. Advantage: __ to ___. Disadvantage: doesn’t consider __ __, thus pricing may be too high or low.

A

food cost percentage, easy,apply, labor costs

87
Q

Item contribution margin- amount that remains after the __ __ of a menu is ___ from the ___ ___= ___ __ ___. Margin= amount that pays for ___ __ and other expenses and ___.

A

food cost, subtracted, selling price, item contribution margin. labor costs, profit.

88
Q

For all pricing methods, ___ ___ __ should be considered as a ___.

A

calculated selling price, guide.

89
Q

It many be necessary to ___ ___ ___ to a # that makes ___ simpler or a number that has more ___ ___ ___.

A

round selling price, transactions simpler, positive customer appeal.

90
Q

An important aspect of managerial accounting is the ___ of ___.

A

management of costs.

91
Q

Critical step of management: ___ of ____.

A

evaluation of operations.

92
Q

When operations= in line with budget no ___ is required.

A

action

93
Q

When operations dont equal with budget; review factors involved in ___ ___ and ___ ___.

A

cost control, ask questions.

94
Q

Food is most readily ___ ___ of ___. Food costs are subject to greatest ____ in ___.

A

controlled item, expenditure. fluctuation, budget.

95
Q

To control food cost, must be efficient in __ ___, ___, ___, ___ and ___.

A

menu planning, purchasing, storing, prep, serving.

96
Q

Food expenditures vary greatly due to: __ of ___ ___, amount of __-___ ___, ___ location, and ___ costs.

A

form food purchased, pn-premise, prep, geographic, delivery.