Finals: Transportation Significance

Question 1

Importance of Transportation

Answer 1

improving society’s welfare through appropriate social, political, and economic conditions

Question 2

What are the expected outcomes in transportation?

Answer 2

Quantitative and Qualitative Improvements in Human Capital and Physical Capital

Question 3

What is the difference between Human Capital and Physical Capital?

Answer 3

Human Capital is measured through the income and educational level
Physical Capital is measured through infrastructures: utilities, transport, telecommunications

Question 4

What is the relationship of Human Capital and Physical Capital?

Answer 4

• Development cannor occur without both because the use of infrastructure cannot be effective without the proper operations and maintenance
• Economic activities cannot take place without an infrastructure base
• Transport sector uses infrastructures, that’s why it is an important component of economy and it is used as a tool for development

Question 5

What are the three roles of the government?

Answer 5

1. Initiate & maintain transportation systems
2. Intervene the design of feasible routes of covering expenses
3. Create regulation or law about transportation

Question 6

What is the first program that will be initiated by the Government?

Answer 6

Pilot Project

Question 7

Why should the Government intervene the design of feasible routes of covering expenses?

Answer 7

Because Government is responsible for aiding all passengers wherein the cost cannot be covered by the central group users

Question 8

What are the three inherent power of the Government?

Answer 8

1. Police Power
2. Fiscal Power
3. Eminent Domain

Question 9

Explain Police Power

Answer 9

Power of government to implement the law

Question 10

Explain Fiscal Power

Answer 10

Also known as Taxation Power; this is the power of the government to collect taxes

Question 11

Explain Eminent Domain

Answer 11

Power of government to seize private property for public use; not for profit

Question 12

What is a just compensation?

Answer 12

Fair payment; decided by court

Question 13

What is the essence of the Ancient Egyptian civilization to the Historical Significance?

Answer 13

• they demonstrated how one form of transportation (water) can become the foundation of a great society
• Nile River became the means to transport goods, a way to communicate, and a method for the Egyptian soldiers to defend their country

Question 14

What is the essence of the Roman Empire to the Historical Significance?

Answer 14

Roman Empire built its road system primarily for military purposes

Question 15

What is the essence of the European Countries to the Historical Significance?

Answer 15

They developed ships to conquer uncivilized islands by water; Spain and Portugal discovered and influenced the culture of the inhabitants

Question 16

What is the essence of the machines to the Historical Significance?

Answer 16

• In the Industrial Revolution, countries need to innovate their transportation sector in order to remain powerful; thus these machines led to victory on different wars
• advancement in technology gives a technical advantage to those who used it

Question 17

What is the social significance of transportation?

Answer 17

• good transportation can help the health and welfare of population; example is the lack of sufficient and effective transportation networks in Africa that caused problem in the famine (scarcity of food) relief efforts there
• ensure that all members of society (young, old, poor, with medical conditions, banned from driving) are able to go to places even without driver’s license, through public transport

Question 18

What are the 8 Environmental Effects of Transportation?

Answer 18

1. Transportation Infrastructural Requirements
2. Habitat Fragmentation
3. Transportation of Hazardous Substances
4. Urban Expansion
5. Noise
6. Bio-Security Risk
7. Solid Waste
8. Energy Crisis

Question 19

Transportation Infrastructural Requirements

Answer 19

Construction of infrastructures need large spaces - cutting trees, shrinking agricultural areas

Question 20

Habitat Fragmentation

Answer 20

Garbage dumping damage natural maritime - endangerment of water species

Question 21

Transportation of Hazardous Substances

Answer 21

Fastest-growing emission sector - creates air pollution (contributor to global warming)

Question 22

Urban Expansion

Answer 22

Urban sprawl leads to traffic congestion and several accidents - due to improper infrastructure usage

Question 23

Noise

Answer 23

Causes mental disability, irritation, and lack of concentration

Question 24

Bio-Security Risk

Answer 24

Air-conditioning unit in vehicles produces CFC’s - causing ozone layer depletion

Question 25

Solid Waste

Answer 25

Transportation produces solid waste in bulk through maintenance of old parts and when vehicles become old

Question 26

Energy Crisis

Answer 26

Transportation uses energy and burns most of the world's petroleum

Question 27

Safest way to travel is by?

Answer 27

Air

Question 28

Differentiate Place Utility from Time Utility

Answer 28

Place Utility - availability of the product to bring them anywhere - to their destination Time Utility - availability of product to bring them to their destination anytime

Question 29

Give the Economic significance of Transportation

Answer 29

- life support of the system of its citizens - determine the economic value of products or services - major contributor to the economy and a competitive force in business - physically connects business to its supply chain partners, which is a major influence on the customer's satisfaction - more vital economic activities for a business; can be blame for a company's inability to properly serve customers

Question 30

Two types of logistics, and which is more inclined with Transportation?

Answer 30

Inbound and Outbound Logistics (more inclined because we are not a manufacturing industry)

Question 31

What is backtracking?

Answer 31

Might effect in issues of time and other resources that may lead to lost profit

Question 32

Faster modes of transpo generally cost more than slower modes, but not in tourism industry, why?

Answer 32

Because we give promos

Question 33

Define Congestion and why is it not always bad?

Answer 33

It is an unintended consequence but it is an indication of a growing economy because people have the purchasing power

Question 34

Two levels wherein the economic importance of transportation can be assessed and differentiate the two

Answer 34

Macroeconomic level - importance of transpo for a whole economy Microeconomic level - importance of transpo for specific parts of the economy

Question 35

What are the 3 impacts to stakeholders?

Answer 35

1. Direct 2. Indirect 3. Induced

Question 36

3 Types of impacts?

Answer 36

1. Core 2. Operational 3. Geographical

Question 37

Geographic concentration of interconnected businesses, suppliers, and associated institutions in a particular field. Clusters are considered to increase the productivity with which companies can compete, nationally and globally

Answer 37

Business Cluster

Question 38

The major impacts of transport on economic factors can be categorized as:

Answer 38

Geographic specialization Large-scale production Increased competition Increased Land Value

Question 39

- are a monetary measure of what the transport provider must pay to produce transportation services. - They come as fixed (infrastructure) and variable (operating) costs

Answer 39

Transportation Cost

Question 40

Factors Affecting Transportation Cost

Answer 40

``` – Geography – Type of service – Energy – Economies of scale • are the cost advantages that enterprises obtain due to size, output, or scale of operation, with cost per unit of output generally decreasing with increasing scale as fixed costs are spread out over more units of output – Infrastructure – Mode – Competition – Regulations • Principle or rule employed in controlling, directing, or managing an activity – Surcharges • an extra fee added onto another fee or charge ```

Question 41

- managing the usage price of a transport asset, such as the fare paid by users - to maximize profit in the context where the transport supply is fixed.

Answer 41

Transportation Yield Management

Question 42

Three Conditions for Yield Management

Answer 42

–A fixed transport capacity –Unused transport capacity loses all of its utility –Transport users are willing to pay different rates for the same capacity or service,

Question 43

What are under those 3 type of Impacts?

Answer 43

``` Core -cost -capacity Operational -time -reliability Geographical -location -accessibility ```

Question 45

is a small scale preliminary study conducted in order to evaluate feasibility, time, cost, adverse events, and effect size (statistical variability) in an attempt to predict an appropriate sample size and improve upon the study design prior to performance of a full-scal

Answer 45

Pilot Project

Question 46

Policy which 6 seats on plane is available

Answer 46

Overbooking

Question 47

Economic level that deals with large scale of country

Answer 47

Macroeconomic level

Question 48

Network of all components, organizations, resources, activities involved a tourist Product

Answer 48

Supply chain

Question 49

Category of type of impacts where passenger reach destination on scheduled time

Answer 49

Operational

Question 50

Where CFC's are coming from

Answer 50

Air Conditioning unit of vehicle

Question 51

Development of closer economic cultural and political relations

Answer 51

Globalization

Question 52

Condition of transport network; slower speeds, longer trip times, increase; example: physical use of roads

Answer 52

Congestion

Question 53

Factor affects cost of transportation that affects how passengers can be carried

Answer 53

Mode

Question 54

A region will thus tend to specialize in the production of goods and services for which it has the greatest advantages

Answer 54

Geographic specialization

Question 55

When transport is efficient, the potential market for a given product increases, and so does competition

Answer 55

Increased competition

Question 56

Land which is adjacent or serviced by good transport services generally has greater value due to the utility it confers to many activities

Answer 56

Increased land value

Question 57

Principle or rule employed in controlling, directing, or managing an activity

Answer 57

Regulations

Question 58

An efficient transport system offering cost, time and reliability advantages enables goods to be transported over longer distances and facilitates mass production thus larger markets can be accessed

Answer 58

Large-scale production

Question 59

Factor that affects cost of transportation that has added fee

Answer 59

Surcharge

Question 60

Improving intermodal and modal capacity through infrastructure investments is a core strategy to promote economic opportunities

Answer 60

Capacity

Question 61

Transport developments are commonly associated with lower transport cost, implying that mobility becomes more affordable

Answer 61

Costs

Question 62

Economic benefits of time improvements are multidimensional

Answer 62

Time

Question 63

Commonly involves a higher probability that a passenger will reach its intended destination within a schedule time frame

Answer 63

Reliability

Question 64

An important impact of transportation concerns influencing the location of economic activities since specific sites in proximity to modal or intermodal infrastructure are likely to generate higher value than less accessible sites

Answer 64

Location

Question 66

The capability to access to a wider market base is a common economic benefit for firms

Answer 66

Accessibility