Finals Study Sem 1 Flashcards
Identifying the Problem (Purpose)
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Research
Gather background information about the topic from many different sources
Hypothesis
An educated guess or a prediction of the outcome of a problem
Experiment
A scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact.
Independent Variable
Variable that is manipulated. The CAUSE or answers the question: What did we change?
Dependent Variable
Variable that changes in response to the independent variable. The EFFECT or answers the question: What can I measure after the change?
Conclusion
Based on the results of the experiment. Describes whether the experimental data supports the hypothesis or not.
Biology
Study of life; living organisms
(G)rowth
The process of becoming larger and more complex
Development
Changes an organism undergoes in its lifetime before reaching its adult form
(R)eproduction
The process of producing offspring
Sexual Reproduction
A reproductive process that involves two parents that combine their genetic material to produce a new organism, which differs from both parents.
Asexual Reproduction
A reproductive process that involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent.
(A)daptation
Inherited characteristic that increases an organism’s chance of survival
Evolution
The gradual change in a species over time
Adjustment
Individual’s functional alteration or adaptation to the immediate environment
Homeostasis
Self-regulating process by which an organism tends to maintain stability while adjusting to conditions that are best for its survival
(C)ells
The smallest functional unit of life
Unicellular
Made of a single cell
Multicellular
Made up of more than one cell.
(E)nergy
The ability to do work
Heterotroph
An organism that obtains energy from the foods it consumes; also called a consumer
Autotroph
An organism that makes its own food
Photosynthesis
The process in which plants use light energy from the sun to create their own sugar (glucose).
agri-
Field, soil
atmo-
Vapor
anti-
Against
auto-
Self
bio-
Life
chromo-
Color
con-
Together
di-
Double
endo-
Within
exo-
Outside
hetero-
Different
homo-
Same
hydro-
Water
inter-
Between
iso-
Equal
kilo-
Thousand
macro-
Large
micro-
Small
photo-
Light
trans-
Across
-logy
Study of
-meter
Device for measuring
-scope
Instrument for seeing
-sphere
Round
-stasis
Stationary condition
-synthesis
The forming or building of a more complex substance or compound from elements or simpler compounds
-therm
Heat
-troph
Nourishment
-ology
Study of
Population
All the individuals of a species that live together in an area
Limiting Factors
Any part of an ecosystem that prevents population growth ( Biotic and Abiotic)
Biotic Factors
Living parts of an ecosystem
Abiotic Factors
Nonliving parts of an ecosystem
Population Size
How many individuals make up a population
Population Density
Measurement of population per unit area or unit volume (# of individuals/unit of space)
Population Dispersion
Describes the spacing of organisms relative to each other
Exponential Growth
When resources are unlimited (J shaped curve)
Logistic growth
When resources are limited (S shaped curve)
Carrying Capacity
The maximum population size that can be supported by the available resources
Clumped Dispersion Pattern
A pattern in which the individuals of a population are aggregated in patches
Random Dispersion Pattern
A pattern in which the individuals of a population are spaced in an unpredictable way
Uniform Dispersion Pattern
A pattern in which the individuals of a population are evenly distributed over an area
Immigration
Migration to a new location
Emmigration
Movement of individuals out of a population
Natality (birth rate)
Ability of a population to increase; reproductive rate
Mortality (death rate)
The number of deaths in a population in a certain amount of time
r-strategist
Reproduce early in life; many small unprotected offspring
k-strategist
Reproduce late in life; few offspring; care for offspring
intraspecific competition
Competition between members of the same species
interspecific competition
Competition between members of different species
survivorship curve
Graph showing the number of survivors in different age groups for a particular species.