Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Quantitative Analysis > Finals Review > Flashcards

Finals Review Flashcards

1
Q

Mass

A

Force required for acceleration

Independent of distance to earth center

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Molarity

A

1 molar solution contains one mole of solute in one liter solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Formality

A

One formal solution contains one FW of solute in 1 liter of solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Normality

A

1 normal solution contains 1 equivalent weight of solute per liter of solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Significant figures

A

Number of digits needed to express a result consistent with given or measured precision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Accuracy

A

Agreement between measured and true or accepted values

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Precision

A

Reproducibility between replicate measurements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Determinable

A

Can be avoided or corrected. Also called systematic errors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Mass balance equation

A

For particular type of species. The sum of the added amounts must be equal to the s of all possible forms existing in the system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Colloidal precipitates

A

Small particles (1-100 nm), Tyndall effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Crystalline precipitates

A

Diameter of negligible inches. Most desirable for analysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Nuclear ion

A

Small aggregates form.

The formation of minimum size stable precipitate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Particle growth

A

Additional molecules deposit on growth nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Supersaturation

A

SS

solution that contains more solute than would be present at equilibrium, which leads to precipitate formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Weight

A

Attraction of earth

Distance to center of earth important

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Titration

A

Determination by unknown reaction or reagent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

End point

A

Empirical approximation of equivalence point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Indicator

A

Provides visual determination of end point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Back titration

A

End point is intentionally exceeded, then the excess titrant is titrated
Useful when forward end point is difficult to see
Useful when complete reaction is difficult to achieve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Volthard method

A

Excess Ag+ added to remove all X-

Excess Ag+ is back titrated with SCN- when all Ag+ is removed, SCN- reacts with Fe3+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Fabians method

A

Precipitate formed before equivalence point. Will have slight negative change due to adsorbed X-
After equivalence point, precipitate particles will have a slight positive charge due to adsorbed Ag+
Anionic dyes will be attracted to positively charged particles to form colored adsorbents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Kjeldahl procedure

A

Determine Nitrogen in biological samples

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Buffers

A

Resistant to pH change due to moderate additions of H+ or OH-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Buffer capacity

A

Number of miles of strong acid or base that must be added to the buffer solution to change pH by 1 unit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Polyprotic acids

A

Acids that can furnish more than one proton.
They are weak acids
Ka values associated with each proton loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Principal species

A

Must be abundant solution species.

HA at low pH, A- at higher pH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Gran plot

A

Function derived from equilibrium expression before equivalence point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Ligand

A

Substance that acts as a Lewis base and furnishes electrons to a metal ion to form a complex.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Coordinate number

A

Number of bonds formed by the metal ion in a complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Coordination geometry

A

Necessary orientation of ligand for complex formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Unidented ligand

A

Ligand that can provide one electron lone pair in a complex. Eg NH3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Bidentate ligand

A

Ligand that can provide two election lone pairs in a complex

33
Q

Chelating ligand

A

Multidented ligand that attaches to the metal ion through more than one atom

34
Q

Direct titration

A

Chelates react with metal ion directly

35
Q

Replacement titration

A

Metal ion displaces a different ion

36
Q

Indirect titration

A

First, precipitate anion with excess metal ion, then titrate remaining metal ion with chelate

37
Q

Water harness

A

Capacity of cations in water to replace sodium and potassium in soaps to form sparingly soluble products

38
Q

Photon

A

Packet of light

39
Q

I (intensity)

A

Power per unit solid angle

40
Q

Power

A

Energy per second

41
Q

Concentration polarization

A

Reaction concentration at electrode is less than in the bulk solution

42
Q

Dissolution

A

Completely dissolve in a known amount of solvent

43
Q

Singlet

A

All electrons are paired, no splitting observed in magnetic field. Diamagnetic

44
Q

Triplet

A

Two electrons are unpaired, shows anomalous zee man effect in a magnetic field. Splitting degenerates energy states into 3 distinct states (paramagnetic)

45
Q

Absorption

A

Radiation imparts energy to material and promotes it from ground state to excited state

46
Q

Emission

A

Radiation produced as material relaxes from excited to lower energy state

47
Q 
Ion selective (membrane)
(Indicator electrode)
A

Responds to salute by means of boundary potential development across a membrane

48
Q

Inert metal

Indicator electrode

A

Eg Pt, Au
Provides contact between the external circuit and solution but does not participate in reaction except to conduct electrodes

49
Q

Reference electrode

A

Electrode of a half cell that never changes

Has constant potential

50
Q

Dry ashing

A

Combustion of solid samples

51
Q

Wet ashing

A

Combustion in the presence of a liquid

52
Q

Standardization

A

Process used to determine the concentration of a secondary standard

53
Q

Isosbestic point

A

If there are wavelengths at which molar absorptive Tunis the same for each form, the absorbance at that wavelengths will be constant for mixtures when the total number (formality) is fixed. (For substances with multiple solution forms having different absorption points)

54
Q

Potentiometry

A

Determining the activity (concentration) of a given ion by measuring potential of working/indicator electrode relative to that of reference electrode

55
Q

Electroactive species

A

Substance that can be oxidized or reduced and is therefore a participant in an electrode half reaction

56
Q

Indicator electrode

A

Electrons present in the half cell that contains the electro active species

57
Q

Oh mic potential

A

Voltage required to overcome electrical resistance

58
Q

Overpotential

A

Voltage required to overcome the activation energy for electrode reaction

59
Q

Oxidation

A

Process of releasing electrons, forms in more positive ion

60
Q

Reduction

A

Process of gaining electrons

61
Q

Oxidation agent

A

Causes oxidation to occur, agent is reduced in the process

i.e it is the thing that gets reduced

62
Q

Reducing agent

A

Causes reduction to occur, agent is oxidized in the process

i.e the thing that gets oxidized

63
Q

Anode

A

Electrode at which oxidation occurs

Pt electrode dipping into Fe2+ solution

64
Q

Cathode

A

Electrode at which reduction occurs

C electrode dipping into Ce4+ solution

65
Q

Standard reduction potential

A

Under standard conditions, potential difference between a half cell and SHE. The given half cell reaction is always represented as a reduction process (SHE always at anode)

66
Q

Detection limit

A

Smallest response that can be distinguished from background noise
Quantity required to provide a signal to noise ratio of 2:1 or 3:1

67
Q

Supercritical fluid extraction

A

Supercritical CO2 used as a solvent for extraction

68
Q

Solid-Phase extraction (SPE)

A

Removal of an analyte from solution by selective and strong interactions with a solid material

69
Q

Fraction removal

A

Fraction of analyte removed after ā€œnā€ successive extractions with the same amount of solvent

70
Q

Zwitterton

A

Molecules with both a positive and negative charge

71
Q

Speciation

A

Distribution of analyte among species

72
Q

Isoionic pH

A

PH of pure, neutral, polyprotic acid

73
Q

Isoelectric pH

A

pH at which average charge of polyprotic acid is 0

74
Q

Metal ion indicators

A

Compounds that change color when they bind to a metal

75
Q

Common ion effect

A

A salt will be less soluble if one of its constituent ions is already present in solution

76
Q

Coprecipitation

A

When a substance whose solubility exceeded precipitates along with another substance whose solubility is exceeded

77
Q

Fugacity

A

Activity of a gas

78
Q

Nucleation

A

Diluted form a disorganized cluster of sufficient size, which reorganizes into an ordered structure capable of growing into larger particles

Quantitative Analysis (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions