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1st period > finals review > Flashcards

finals review Flashcards

0
Q

what device is used to determine orientation on a map?

A

compass rose

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1
Q

what type of map projection is most helpful in the navigation of ships?

A

mercator map

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2
Q

what lands were not known to europeans during the time of Columbus?

A

the Americas and austrailia

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3
Q

how do lines of longitude differ from lines of latitude?

A 
latitude = ↔️
longitude = ↕️
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4
Q

giving directions to another person to your house using roads and landmarks is an example of using what type of map?

A

political map/ mental map

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5
Q

what are the main problems associated with using maps?

A

they become distorted because earth isn’t flat. distance and size become distorted

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6
Q

what is used to determine absolute location on a map?

A

latitude and longitude

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7
Q

what type of map projection is circular oriented in the poles and does not show a compass rose?

A

polar projections

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8
Q

what is another name for lines of latitude based in the way they never meet?

A

parallels

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9
Q

as a practical application geographers assist in determining the size and location of what types of public buildings?

A

hospitals schools and libraries

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10
Q

what continent is located north of Africa?

A

europe

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11
Q

what are the major tools used in cartography?

A

satellites GIS photographs

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12
Q

what are mental maps?

A

maps from memory

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13
Q

what is the main component of acid rain?

A

pollution, acid in the air

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14
Q

how has the automobile impacted the physical environment?

A

growth of suburbs and paving of roads

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15
Q

what type of vegitatian region had very little plant life because of lack of rain?

A

desert

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16
Q

what are the characterists is used to define a climate region?

A

precipitation seasons and temperature

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17
Q

what weather phenomena is most common to south Asia? what are its causes?

A

monsoon, lots of rain = flooding

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18
Q

what are naturally occurring physical and ecological processes?

A

earthquake volcano erosion

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19
Q

why was the Aswan high dam built?

A

water reserve, divert water = control a region

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20
Q

what was the disaster that occurred at Chernobyl in the 1980s?

A

chernobyl nuclear reactor disaster

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21
Q

what was the result of the construction of road and highways to and from city centers?

A

people moved into suburbs and out of cities

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22
Q

why do people living in desert regions have roofs made of light colored materials?

A

so they don’t trap a lot of heat into the house and they reflect sunlight

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23
Q

why does the presence of large bodies of water cause places in the same latitudes to have different climates?

A

water heats and cools slower than land

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24
Q

what vegitarian region is located in areas with cool temperatures and a layer if permafrost below the ground?

A

tundra

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25
Q

way is the term for the process by which arable land is changed to desert through human activity or natural means?

A

desertification

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26
Q

what is the name for mountains formed when lava breaks through the earths crust?

A

volcanos

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27
Q

what weather phenomena is most common in the central U.S. states of texas Oklahoma Kansas and Nebraska?

A

Tornados

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28
Q

what are the major influences on regional climate patterns?

A

latitudes winds and elevation

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29
Q

the North American free trade agreement reveals what aspect of spatial divisions?

A

encourage trace and work together

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30
Q

which religious groups claim Jerusalem as thier religious heritage site?

A

Christians Jews and Muslims

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31
Q

describe the ethnicity patterns of the United States Switzerland and Japan

A

United States: mixing pot
Switzerland: diverse European
Japan: Asian

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32
Q

what was the purpose of dividing the U.S. into 50 states?

A

provide for local government, states rights

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33
Q

what cultural elements unite the countries in the league if Arab states?

A

speak Arabic, Muslim, same culture

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34
Q

what type of transportation system is the Washington DC metro?

A

mass transportation: bus, train, Subway

35
Q

what is the cultural characteristics that unifies Hispanic America?

A

Spanish-language

36
Q

which two religious groups have clashed in northern Ireland?

A

catholic and Protestant

37
Q

what region of the world has experience long-standing conflict between Bosnians, Serbs, Albanians, and Croats ?

A

Southern Europe, Balkans mountains

38
Q

which religion unifies the majority of the people in India?

A

hinduism

39
Q

Canadian province is known for its French culture and desire for autonomy?

A

Quebec

40
Q

The region of Kashmir in Northern has created problems between which two religious groups?

A

Hindus, Muslims

41
Q

what is NAFTA?

A

North American Free Trade Agreement, Canada Mexico and US are members

42
Q

what is OPEC?

A

Organization of petroleum exporting countries, price and production of oil

43
Q

what are capital resources?

A

money

44
Q

List three examples of primary economic activity

A

mining farming fishing ranching hunting

45
Q

what is secondary economic activity?

A

processing raw materials or manufacturing and processing

46
Q

List three examples of tertiary economic activity

A

transportation baking hotel retail store

47
Q

List three things that are caused by the unequal distribution of resources

A

trade conflict less money richer get richer and poor stay poor

48
Q

The invention of the computer chip created a Demand for_

A

Computer so skilled labor had to increase

49
Q

The invention of the steam engine created a demand for_

A

coal

50
Q

The invention of the internal combustion engine created a demand for_

A

Oil

51
Q

List four standards of living

A

literacy rate, infant mortality, GDP, employment, life expectancy, infrastructure

52
Q

what does the term landlocked mean and how does it affect a nation’s economy?

A

no coast on the ocean and no trade routes

53
Q

what is international product assembly?

A

made in one country and shipped to another to finish

54
Q

what is one example of the widespread marketing of products in the world today?

A

McDonald’s Starbucks Coca-Cola Apple

55
Q

List three disadvantages of economic unions

A

farms are destroyed, less jobs

56
Q

why do very few people live in northern Canada and Russia?

A

Cold tundra

57
Q

List three things that impact population growth rates

A

role of women, family-planning, medical care, education

58
Q

List three things that impact population distribution

A

climate jobs conflict/wars

59
Q

List three push factors and three pull factors

A

push: diseases war and no land
poll: land jobs and weather/climate

60
Q

List one reason for the division of the United States into 50 states

A

States rights

61
Q

List three causes for conflict between political divisions

A

resources, cultural issues, power struggles, political exclusion

62
Q

List three cities that are located at Harbor sites

A

New York Harbor, Kingston Harbor in Jamaica, Pearl Harbor in Hawaii

63
Q

A city’s situation is another name for its location relative to_

A

surroundings

64
Q

what South African city was vital for supplying ships coming to and from the east?

A

Cape Town

65
Q

The site of pilgrimage for Muslims is the holy city of_

A

Mecca

66
Q

how did the function of Pittsburgh change over time?

A

it was the steel city then some changes were made no not as much steel was produced and it’s also in the Rust Belt

67
Q

why did Brazil move the capital from Rio de Janeiro to Brasilia in the 1950s?

A

most populated city, in the middle of everyone and there’s room to grow

68
Q

what American city is the center of international trade and finance?

A

New York

69
Q

in developing countries major cities tend to be_

A

larger, connections elsewhere

70
Q

List three states found in the Atlantic coastal plain in the US

A

North Carolina, Georgia, South Carolina, Florida, Virginia

71
Q

where is the Canadian Shield located and what is it?

A

in northern Canada and a huge Rocky tundra surrounding the Hudson Bay

72
Q

is the United States developed or developing?

A

developed

73
Q

The Mississippi River empties into what body of water?

A

gulf of Mexico

74
Q

what is the continental divide?

A

Crest dividing the river systems, east and west, Rocky Mountains determine the direction that Rivers flow

75
Q

what is the warmest vertical climate zone?

A

Tierra caliente

76
Q

define Mestizo

A

mixed European and American Indian ancestry

77
Q

what is the predominant language and religion of Latin America?

A

Spanish and Roman Catholic

78
Q

where is the atacama desert located?

A

Desert in northern Chile, west coast of South America

79
Q

define pampas

A

fertile grasslands in southern South America

80
Q

where are most of the large population centers of South America located?

A

in the southern end of South America on the coast

81
Q

what resource produces most of the economic wealth in Venezuela, Mexico, and Ecuador?

A

Oil or petroleum

82
Q

where are many rural migrants in Latin America forced to live when they reach the city?

A

in slums around the city, favelas, shantytowns

83
Q

Historical maps of South America dated 1800 and 1830, identify what events have occurred between those two dates

A

countries became independent

84
Q

what mountain range runs down the Pacific coast of Latin America?

A

andes Mountains

1st period (1 decks)

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