Finals Packet Flashcards
Carthage
A city that was founded by the Phoenicians around 700 BC and slowly became an Empire. They controlled parts of Soain, N. Africa, Sardinia, Corsica, and much of Sicily. They were also a very strong naval power.
1st Punic War
The two sides (Rome and Carthage) fought for control of Sicily. Carthage then ended up abandoning Sicily entirely which lead to it becoming the very first Roman province. Later on the Roman then seized took the islands of Sardinia and Corsica from the Carthaginians. These two islands then became the second Roman province. End result: Rome claims Sicily, Sardinia, and Corsica while Carthage gets angrier and angrier with them.
2nd Punic War
Most critical war of all. Carthage builds up an empire in Spain to retaliate. Carthage had Hannibal on their side. Fight over a town in Spain. Hannibal marches over the Alps.
Sicily - Corsica - Sardinia
These were he islands conquered in the First Punic War which were all taken by Rome from Carthage
New Carthage
.
Battle of Zama
.
Mare Nostrum
.
Provinces
A territory outside of Italy under Roman control
Proconsul
Governors for the various provinces who ruled heir provinces with absolute power, though they were not able to violate Roman law or act illegally against Roman citizens
Publicani
Companies of tax collectors that bid for the contracts to collect the taxes of certain provinces, especially Asia
Equites
People belonging to the class called “Equestrians”. Tax collectors, or publicani were a part of this social class. They also originally formed the cavalry in Rome’s military forces, but over the years they stopped fighting on horseback and became strictly a social class. Were the “businessmen of Rome”
Hannibal
A brilliant and daring strategist who was from Carthage. He was also the one who marched over the Alps with 37 elephants to try to gain allies in his mission against Rome.
Scorpio Africanus
He was the one who captured Cartage for the the Romans. Later gained the title (or last name) “Africanus” instead of his REAL last name
Latifundia
W
“last decree”
It was essentially the declaration for martial law that was put into act when Gaius gets murdered
Novus homo
Meaning “new man”, or a man none of whose ancestors were ever consul
First triumvirate
Consisted of Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus, meant “body of three men”. Their united influence at the polls over their rivals lead to Caesar being elected as consul and Pompey marrying Caesar’s daughter Julia.
Gallic Wars
Started when Caesar intervened in the politics of the Gallic tribes, thus causing a series of campaigns that finally brought the whole area of modern France and Belgium under Roman rule.
“Crossing the Rubicon”
Caesar crossed the Rubicon which indicated to all in Italy that he meant to invade and conquer with his hoard of Roman legions
Ides of March
The day that Caesar was murdered is called this
Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus
Two ambitious young Roman statesmen who tried to solve he problem of people losing their lands. Tiberius became a tribune and proposed a bill to the Assembly of Tribes that would give land to farmers without any. He was then killed because people were scared of his potential power. Gaius became tribune later on and was harsher than his older brother. He said that the Senate’s freedom in assigning governors to provinces should be restricted. He later dies (murdered).
Marius
P
Drusus
A
Sulla
H
Pompey
He was a part of the first triumvirate along with Crassus and Caesar. He helped Caesar get into political office and got his daughter as a wife in return
Crassus
J
Cicero
G
Julius Caesar
P
Brutus & Cassius
W
Second Triumvirate
Y
Octavian (Augustus)
P
Mark Antony
W
Marcus Lepidus
U
Antony & Cleopatra
H
Princeps
E
The Principate
Q
Pontifex Maximus
A
Imperial Provinces
A
Praetorian Guard
Y
Pontifex Maximus
E
Pax Romana
A
Augustus
Y
Third Punic War
Rome becomes allies with Masinissa. The allies then begin to plunder Carthage over many years. This dude Marcus Cato persuaded Rome to declare war against Carthage. Scorpio Africanus captures Carthage and utterly destroys it.
The geography of Italy was
Not beneficial towards defending a sea invasion
The story of Romulus and Remus…
Told the city of Rome’s creation
The story of the rape of Lucretia…
Was used as reasoning for the Etruscan expulsion
The Laws of the Twelve Tables….
Was another name for the Roman Constitution written by Ploybius
During early Roman expansion, aroma a did all of the following to protect and unify their conquered areas EXCEPT:
Required only Roman customs/gods to be worshipped (they had freedom of religion instead)
The Romans had a policy of…
Imperialism
The hardest war the Romans ever fought and resulted in huge losses in Roman man power: Punic war # …?
2nd Punic War
