Finals- Metabolic diseases Flashcards
This mineral plays an important role in teeth and bone formation, in the maintenance of skeletal and teeth framework, normal membrane permeability, normal heart rhythm, neuromuscular excitability, in blood coagulation, muscle contraction and as a secondary/tertiary messenger in hormone action
Calcium
It is the fifth most abundant element in the body
Calcium
The level of calcium are controlled by______ which are stimulater by low serum calcium level and inhibited by high serum calcium levels
Parathyroid glands
An 8.5 mg/dl serum calcium level indicates_________
Hypocalcemia
Normal : 9-11 mg/dl
What is the most common cause of hypercalcemia?
Primary hyperparathyroidism
_______ and ______ acts to sustain bone mass in elderly osteoporotic patients
Strontium and Fluoride
Most common cause of hypocalcemia
Hypoalbuminemia
Or
Surgically induced hypoparathyroidism
Blood level of phosphorus are maintained by what factors?
Parathyroid hormone
Phosphatase activity
Vitamin D
This mineral forms an intermediate stage in the metabolism of fats and glucose
Phosphorus
What are the important dietary deficiency of calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D
Rickets
Osteomalacia
It is the 4th most abundant and important cation in human
Magnesium
Profound coma and death will result if magnesium levels reach _____
18-20 mg
70% of this mineral are present in bones, enamel, and dentin
Magnesium
Tetany appears when magnesium levels reach below ____ mEq per liter
1.3
It is an abnormal deposition of calcium salts together with small amounts of iron, magnesium and other mineral salts
Pathologic calcification
