FINALS GRAMMAIRE NOTES

Question 1

Structures of Negation in French

Answer 1

ne. ..pas
ne. ..rien
ne. ..jamais

(don’t use “pas” with the last two examples, it’s redundant!)

Question 2

Numbers (1-10)

Answer 2

un 
deux
trois
quatre
cinq
six
sept
huit
neuf
dix

Question 3

Numbers (11-20)

Answer 3

onze
douze
treize
quatorze
quinze
seize
dix-sept
dix-huit
dix-neuf
vingt

Question 4

Numbers (21-31)

Answer 4

vingt et un
vingt-deux
vingt-trois
vingt-quatre
vingt-cinq
vingt-six
vingt-sept
vingt-huit
vingt-neuf
trente
trente et un

Question 5

il/elle
v.
lui/elle

Answer 5

he/she
v.
him/her

Question 6

ils/elles
v.
eux/elles

Answer 6

they
v.
them

Question 7

Je
v.
moi

Answer 7

I
v.
me

Question 8

words ending in -s, -x, or -z :

Answer 8

do not change ending when in plural form

Ex: chinois / chinois
paresseux / paresseux

Question 9

words ending in -(e)au and most -al ending words :

Answer 9

will end in -aux in their plural form

Ex: un tableau
des tableaux

un hôpital
des hôpitaux

Question 10

masculine forms of words ending in -eur will have their feminine form ending in:

Answer 10

-euse

Question 11

masculine forms of words ending in -iteur, -ateur, etc. will have their feminine forms ending in:

Answer 11

-trice

Question 12

parler (language)
v.
parler le/la (language)
v.
parler en (language

Answer 12

to speak the language
v.
to know how/be able to speak the language
v.
to communicate IN that language

Question 13

Interrogative structures

Answer 13

Qui est-ce que/qu’…?
(Qui est-ce?)
(who)

Qu’est-ce que/qu’…?
(Qu’est-ce que c’est?)
(what)

Quand est-ce que/qu’…?
(when)

Où est-ce que/qu’…?
(where)

Comment est-ce que/qu’…?
(how)

Question 14

Qu’est-ce que c’est?

Answer 14

What is it?

Question 15

Structures which include a preposition in the answer to a question:

Answer 15

À qui/quoi?

De qui/quoi?

Pour qui?

Chez qui?

En quoi?

Sur quoi?

Question 16

les déterminants démonstratifs

Answer 16

(this, that, pointing out => French rarely distinguishes between this and that) (always agrees with the noun)

ce/cet => masculine singular

ce copain

(cet used before words beginning in h or a vowel, like cet ami)

cette/cette => feminine singular

ces => plural for both masc. and fem.

(ces copines, ces amis)