Finals - Evolution, Civilization, Individuals and Society

Question 1

The three early humans

Answer 1

Australopithecines, Homo Habilis, and Homo Erectus

Question 2

The first fossil apes or hominoids began to appear in Asia, Africa and Europe. Also known as the Golden Age of Hominoids.

Answer 2

Miocene

Question 3

Houses were of one story mud construction, no streets in settlement and access to houses was through the roof.

Answer 3

Catal Huyuk

Question 4

Are the important beliefs or ideals of a person in a community, serving as a motivation for action.

Answer 4

Value

Question 5

Occurs when cultural knowledge is passed on to the next bearer who will perpetuate and ensure the continuance of their tradition and practices.

Answer 5

Enculturation

Question 6

This was the critical transition that resulted in the birth of agriculture, taking Homo sapiens from scattered groups of hunter- gatherers to farming villages and from there to technologically sophisticated societies with great temples and towers and kings and priests who directed the labor.

Answer 6

Neolithic Revolution

Question 7

Blade, was the most distinct tool developed. Homo Sapiens explore new economic activities.

Answer 7

Upper Paleolithic Period

Question 8

the work or activity in socialization.

Answer 8

Content and Process

Question 9

Eli Whitney built a machine consisting of a row of close-set wheels with saw-like teeth around their perimeters.

Answer 9

Cotton Gin

Question 10

A revolving, toothed cylinder and concaves was invented in 1786 in Scotland by Andrew Meikle.

Answer 10

Thresher

Question 11

Consists of all administrative departments of the state and other central agencies whose responsibilities cover the whole economic territory of a country, except for the administration of social security funds.

Answer 11

Central Government

Question 12

The process by which an individual learns the traditional content of a culture and assimilates its practices and values.

Answer 12

Enculturation

Question 13

What does Socialization focus on?

Answer 13

1. Acquisition of Knowledge
2. Language
3. Values
4. Habits
5. Skill in the Society

Question 14

A place typically where people establish a community.

Answer 14

Settlement

Question 15

The allocation of individuals and groups according to various social hierarchies of differing power, status, or prestige.

Answer 15

Social Stratification

Question 16

When was the Thresher invented?

Answer 16

1786

Question 17

This period marked the existence of Homo Erectus. Hand axes and other stone tools are created.

Answer 17

Lower Paleolithic Period

Question 18

Define ascribed status.

Answer 18

Is not earned, and it is not something that people have control over. Could be a person’s race or sex.

Question 19

Means the interactions and ways these new norms, values and customs are taught to a novice.

Answer 19

Process

Question 20

They invented the first successful American separators in 1830.

Answer 20

Hiram and John Pitts

Question 21

Denotes culture, language, social structures, and the individual’s rank within them. It includes the history and roles played by the people and institutions in the past.

Answer 21

Context

Question 22

The most known ancient civilization was in Mesopotamia, in a region which lies in modern Iraq. It is sometimes called the Fertile Crescent because it is a crescent-shaped area between Tigris and Euphrates river.

Answer 22

Tigris-Euphrates River Civilization of Mesopotamia

Question 23

Egypt was known as the Gift of the Nile because the annual flooding of the Nile made possible for agriculture on which Egyptian civilizations were based.

Answer 23

The Nile Valley Civilization of Egypt

Question 24

When were Steam Engines made?

Answer 24

1849

Question 25

Movement of the labor force, leading to a change in the combinations of social labor in connection with the change of appropriate activities.

Answer 25

Diversifications of Labor

Question 26

The three parts of socialization

Answer 26

Context, Content and Process, Results and outcomes

Question 27

Position that an individual can occupy in society (Newman, 2012). It is not a ranked position, but simply a label that implies certain roles that must be performed.

Answer 27

Status

Question 28

Were used early on to run cotton gins and mills. The additional power required by improved threshing machines led to the development of portable steam power, which made its first appearance in 1849.

Answer 28

Steam Engine

Question 29

Comes from the Latin word “Civis”, which refers to a person who lives in the city. And “Civets” which refer to urban community in which one dwells.

Answer 29

Civilization

Question 30

Refers to what happens to an individual after being exposed to a particular content and process.

Answer 30

Results and Outcomes

Question 31

Refers to the details of what passed from a member to a new member.

Answer 31

Content

Question 32

Important factor that increased crop yield

Answer 32

Irrigation

Question 33

The two types of evolution.

Answer 33

Macroevolution and Microevolution

Question 34

Located in modern Pakistan, is unique because unlike the continuously existing civilization of Mesopotamia, Egypt and China it rose and fell, leaving only mysterious ruins to testify to its existence.

Answer 34

Indus Valley Civilization of India

Question 35

Define Microevolution.

Answer 35

A small scale type of evolution with fewer generations and small changes in gene frequencies.

Question 36

Homo Sapiens made more efficient tools, allowing them to do anatomical labor easier such as lifting, holding and pulling. Specialization of tools was also done by creating flakes of rocks detailing.

Answer 36

Middle Paleolithic Period

Question 37

The two types of statuses?

Answer 37

Ascribed and Achieved status

Question 38

Is the term that refers to civilization that emerged independently.

Answer 38

Cradles of Civilization

Question 39

Was settled by farmers in 3000 B.C., Chinese legends hold that the Xia dynasty arose and flourished during the prehistoric period.

Answer 39

The Yellow River Civilization of China

Question 40

What is the Neolithic Revolution?

Answer 40

This is the radical and important change in which humans began cultivating plants, breeding animals for food and forming permanent settlements.

Question 41

A special form of locomotion on two feet.

Answer 41

Bipedalism

Question 42

Is a specified, coherent, and economical framework of interdependent statements and definitions, constructed to explain and describe as many particular basic facts as possible.

Answer 42

Theory

Question 43

Define Macroevolution.

Answer 43

A large scale type of evolution with more fossil evidence. It is considered to be controversial.

Question 44

Learning how our society and specific communities, or groups work so we can be a part of them. It’s a process of working together in developing responsibility in our community.

Answer 44

Socialization

Question 45

Describes when a GROUP of organisms changes over time. This can occur over long periods of time or short periods of time.

Answer 45

Evolution

Question 46

Small grains had been harvested by hand for centuries, cut with sickles or scythes, hand-raked and tied into sheaves. Grain harvesting machines first appeared in Great Britain in about 1800, and in the U.S. a decade or two later, but most failed

Answer 46

Reaper/Binder

Question 47

They developed successful reapers during the 1830s.

Answer 47

Obed Hussey and Cyrus McCormick

Question 48

Broad-shouldered tailless primates that include all living and extinct apes and humans,come from the Latin words homo and homi means human being.

Answer 48

Hominoids

Question 49

Something that is usual, typical, or standard. Action-guiding rules.

Answer 49

Norm

Question 50

How is an individual’s identity formed?

Answer 50

An individual’s identity is formed through their interaction with other people. A person’s socialization with other groups allow them to imbibe certain characteristics that contribute to their identity.