Finals: Antibiotic Drugs Flashcards
a term used to describe a fungal infection
Mycosis
He discovered the mold that
produced Penicillin which was the first
antibiotic to be used and marketed
Alexander Fleming
He devised a method to classify bacteria using the
Gram-stain method
Hans Christian Gram
The Five Mechanisms of Antibacterial Action:
1) Inhibition of bacterial cell-wall synthesis;
2) Alteration of membrane permeability;
3) Inhibition of protein synthesis;
4) Inhibition of the synthesis of bacterial RNA and DNA;
5) Interference with metabolism within the cell
It penetrates the bacterial cell wall and has an affinity for the bacteria’s binding sites
Antibacterial drugs
The more time the drug remains bound, the
____ the effect of the antibacterial action
longer
When bacteria are sensitive to the drug
= the pathogen can be _____ or _____
inhibited, destroyed
R-I-P-E-S
RIFAMPICIN, ISONIAZID, PYRAZINAMIDE, ETHAMBUTOL, STREPTOMYCIN
Types of Resistance:
1) Inherent – occurs without previous exposure to the drug;
2) Acquired – caused by prior exposure to the antibacterial
It is equal to the sum of the effects of two antibiotics
Additive Effect
It occurs when one antibiotic increases the effectiveness of the 2nd drug
Potentiation Effect
It is when two drugs are used together, the desired effect
may be greatly reduced
Antagonistic Effect
Primarily effective against one type of organism (selective)
Narrow Spectrum
Effective against gram-positive and gram-
negative organisms
Broad Spectrum
When a drug selected is known to be the best drug that can kill the MO
Empiric Therapy
