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Finals Flashcards

(79 cards)

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0
Q

Reference point

A

Point used to determine if an object is in motion

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1
Q

Motion

A

Moving a distance away from a reference point

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2
Q

Speed

A

Distance in a given amount of time

Meters/seconds

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3
Q

Average speed

A

The overall rate of speed at which an object moves; calculated by dividing the total distance an object travels by the total time

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4
Q

Velocity

A

Speed in a given direction

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5
Q

Acceleration

A

Rate at which velocity changes

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6
Q

Slope on a distance versus time graph

A

Zero slope or positive. Speed is the slope

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7
Q

Slope in speed versus time graph

A

Negative positive whatever. It is acceleration.

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8
Q

Force

A

Push or pull

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9
Q

Newton

A

Unit for force

kg•m/s^2

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10
Q

1st law of motion

A

Law of inertia

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11
Q

2nd law

A

Mass x acceleration=force

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12
Q

3rd law

A

Actio/reaction. Equal but opposite force

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13
Q

Net force

A

Combination of all balanced and unbalanced forces

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14
Q

Unbalanced force

A

Force that is greater on one side. Start moving, stop moving, or change direction

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15
Q

Balanced force

A

Equal forces; doesn’t move

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16
Q

Friction

A

Force on moving objects when moving surfaces rub together

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17
Q

Static, sliding, rolling, fluid

A

Frictions, friction on: unmoving objects, when one object slides over, rolls over, and friction in a fluid

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18
Q

Gravity

A

Force that pulls objects to the centre of earth and together

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19
Q

Law of universal gravitation

A

Every object has a force of gravity in the universe.

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20
Q

Mass

A

Matter in an object

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21
Q

Weight

A

Force of gravity on an object

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22
Q

Free fall

A

Only force is gravity. The motion of a falling object when the only force acting on it is gravity

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23
Q

Air resistance

A

A type of fluid friction experienced by objects falling through the air

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24
Terminal velocity
The greatest velocity a falling object can achieve. Distance an objects falls is equal to the weight of the object
25
Inertia
The tendency of an object to resist a change in its motion
26
Momentum
"Quantity" mass x velocity.
27
Law of conservation of momentum
Hit something the momentum stays the same. Aside from outside forces, the total momentum of objects that interact does not change
28
Pressure
Force in a given area (foot print)
29
Pascal
Unit for pressure
30
Fluid
Liquids and gases--something that easily moves
31
Buoyant force
Upward force opposite gravity pushing on objects.
32
Archimedes principle
Buoyancy of an object is equal to the weight of the water displaced
33
Density
How tight something is . Find!!'
34
Pascals principle
Pressure applied on a fluid is equally transmitted to all parts of a fluid
35
Hydraulic
A system that multiplies force by transmitting force from a small surface area to a bigger surface area. Pressure does not change. It stays the same
36
Bernoulli's principle
The faster a moving fluid moves the less pressure it exerts
37
Lift
Upward force
38
Work
Force * distance. Same direction.
39
Joule
Unit for work
40
Power
Work in a given time
41
Watt
Unit for power =746 watts in one horsepower
42
Machine
Something made to simplify human work
43
Input force
Effort. Force done on a machine
44
Output force
Load (look up in depth) force done by a machine
45
Input work
Input force times input distance
46
Output work
Output force times output distance | Output work can never be greater
47
Mechanical advantage
Number of times a machine increases a force exerted on it
48
Efficiency
Compares output work to input work as a percent
49
Inclined plane
Flat, sloped surface
50
Wedge
Device that is thick at one end and tapers to a thin edge. You move the inclined plane itself not he object.
51
Screw
Inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder. Increases distance over which you exert the input force.
52
1st class lever
Output fulcrum input force. See-saw, scissors, pliers, can. *these levers increase force if its near the output force. If near input, it increases distance.
53
2nd class lever
Effort output fulcrum. Wheelbarrow, doors, nutcrackers, bottle openers. Increase force but do not change direction of the force.
54
3rd class levers
Fulcrum effort output. Hockey stick, fishing pole, baseball. Increase distance but not direction
55
Fulcrum
Pivot point. Fixed point that a lever pivots around
56
Wheel & axle
Two circular or cylinder objects. Axel is the smaller radius object. Car's wheel and doorknob. Increases force.
57
Pulley
Simple machine made of a grooved wheel with a rope wrapped around it. Rotating about a common axis. Can decrease force needed to lift it and it can change direction
58
Energy
Ability to do work
59
Kinetic energy
Energy and object has due to its motion
60
Potential energy
Stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object
61
Nonrenewable
Energy that cannot be used again | Fossil fuels
62
Renewable
Energy that can be of use again | Anything organic : wind energy, solar, water
63
Solar energy
Energy we get from the sun
64
Geothermal energy
Energy obtained from under the hot earth
65
Biomass
Energy from waste from plant or animals (decaying biological material
66
Unit for mass
Kg (g for density)
67
Unit for time
Seconds
68
Unit for acceleration
M/s^2
69
Unit for velocity/speed
M/s
70
Unit for force
N
71
Unit for momentum
Kg • m/s
72
Unit for density
Grams/mL or g/cm^3 (mass over volume)
73
Unit for pressure
Pa
74
Unit for work
J
75
Unit for power
W
76
Unit for distance
meters
77
What affects the strength of gravity
Mass and distance
78
How is mass related to an object's inertia?
More mass=more inertia.

Physics (6 decks)

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