Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Computers > Finals > Flashcards

Finals Flashcards

1
Q

Define topology in networking terms.

A

the layout/arrangement of nodes and communications media within a network

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name four common networking topologies.

A

bus, star, mesh, and ring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

In bus topology, _____ are placed at the ends of the cables. Why?

A

terminators; they prevent data from mirroring back through the wires

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe a bus topology.

A

a cable is run in a line with devices connected along the way

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

A _____ topology is the most basic. It is outdated so many people _____ use it now. This is because…

A

bus; don’t; mirroring can cause confusion and if a line breaks, a device is completely cut off.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

If a connection breaks in ring topology, what will the data do?

A

switch directions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The _____ is the most common topology.

A

star

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe a mesh topology.

A

is made of multiple lines connecting through each device/node

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why is a mesh topology so reliable?

A

it has so many lines of back-up if a line breaks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The internet is a _____ topology. The wires under the sea, however, USE to be a _____ topology.

A

mesh; ring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Anything connected either directly or indirectly to the _____ has an IP address.

A

internet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What’s the order of wire colors for an internet cable?

A

orange-white, orange, green-white, blue, blue-white, green, brown-white, brown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why do you twist wires in cables?

A

to reduce the “noise” between them so more dat packets don’t have to be requested

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A _____ is the first device that the internet hits when it’s being brought into a household or area when not wireless.

A

modem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What’s an RJ-45?

A

the connector piece at the end of an internet cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a hub and what does it do?

A

it’s a basic device that splits your signal; one signal comes in, multiple go out; they don’t regulate traffic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a switch and what does it do?

A

it’s a device that are like hubs but with more regulations; the data uses a ‘four-way stop’ to regulate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Are some hubs or some switches programmable?

A

switches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

_____ are like midway stations for the internet.

A

routers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

When _____ _____ go through routers, they are tracked.

A

data packets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Why are hubs, switches, and routers related to each other?

A

they all direct or regulate traffic and have cords connecting to them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is a computer network?

A

a bunch of computers connected to each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does a network allow for between different devices?

A

communication or transmission of data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Give three examples of data.

A

documents, pictures, videos, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Name three things needed to make a network work.

A

radio waves, copper wires, fiber optics, traffic regualtor, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the biggest network? How big is it?

A

the internet; worldwide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

How are networks classified?

A

by size or reach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What does LAN stand for? How big is it? Give an example of where it may be found.

A

Local Area Network; smallest size; found in homes or highschools or same building

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What does MAN stand for? How big is it? Give an example of where it may be found.

A

Metropolitan Area Network; middle sized; used to span large cities or entire counties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What does WAN stand for? How big is it? Give an example of where it may be found.

A

Wide Area Network; largest sized and must be more than 30 mile stretch; used to connect cities together through satellite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

The largest single entity WAN is…

A

social security network

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What is a fiber optic cable?

A

a cable that transmitts data by light pulses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What are modems in basic terms? How so?

A

language translators; they take data and make it into internal computer language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What are the two basic parts of networking?

A

communications media and nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

The physical part of the network are _____ while everything else that connects _____ to a network are _____ _____.

A

nodes; nodes; communications media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What does NIC stand for and what is it?

A

Network Interface Card; it provides a physical place that allows you to connect to a network

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What does TCP stand for and what does it do?

A

Transmission Control Protocol; it decides how the pieces of data are sent to the computer and splits up data into packets and reassembles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What does IP stand for and what does it do?

A

Internet Protocol; it addresses each data packet to its destination in order to get to the correct computer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Explain how to use a subnet mask to read an IP address. Which number is for your network and which one is for the specific computer device?

A

255 and 0 are used in a four number combination like (255. 255.255.0)
the 255 describes which network to go to while the 0 explains the specific device
every IP adress is divided into four sections like the subnet mask
the numbers are used to line up in order for servers to identify the correct location of the device

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What happens when you search something on the internet?

A

a request is made to a server warehouse where a server breaks up the information into packets and then sends it to your computer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What happens when the IP finds out that a packet doesn’t make it through?

A

it requests a new one and sends it off again

42
Q

Once packets are approved they travel to the _____. It protects and prevents computers from what things?

A

firewall; protects from infections and prevents corporate information to leak into the internet

43
Q

Define an output device then give an example of one. Define an input device.

A

a device that sends out data; printer; a device that recieves or sends data to a computer

44
Q

What is a crimper?

A

a crimper is used to push an RJ-45 over wires to keep them unexposed to conditions

45
Q

What is the keyboard shortcut for search, copy, paste, and cut?

A

search: ctrl + f
copy: ctrl + c
paste: ctrl + v
cut: ctrl + x

46
Q

What does the shortcut “alt + tab,” “ctrl + a,” and “ctrl + z” do?

A

alt + tab: switches you to a different window
ctrl + a: selects all
ctrl + z: undo

47
Q

What is the shortcut for redo and highlighting the web address?

A

redo: ctrl + y

web address: alt + d

48
Q

If my mouse pad/ mouse looses its battery, how should I add a bookmark to a favorite page of mine for easier selection later on?

A

use the shortcut on your keyboard ctrl + d

49
Q

What is the keyboard shortcut for forward delete, open a new tab, open a new window, open up an old tab, and close a tab?

A 
forward delete:  alt + backspace
new tab:  ctrl + t
new window:  ctrl + n    
old tab:  ctrl + shift + t
close tab:  ctrl + w
50
Q

What does the button “enter” do? What about “tab?”

A

enter exucutes

tab moves down on a browser

51
Q

How do ctrl and shift differ when selecting items?

A

ctrl: select specific items on a list
shift: allows you to collect an entire range of items

52
Q

On a mouse, what does the left clicker do vs the right clicker?

A

left: selects and executes
right: provides options on where you clicked

53
Q

Define what a database is and give two examples.

A

database: a collection of similar data of the same information
examples: phone book, mp3 player

54
Q

What are the areas in a database called?

A

fields

55
Q

What is the moral arguement against piracy?

A

whether piracy is good or bad

56
Q

What is the majority rule for piracy?

A

if there is a law that most people don’t agree on, it should be taken away

57
Q

What’s the Robin Hood argument for piracy?

A

piracy takes from the rich and gives to the poor; waht you don’t spend in one place can be spent in others; you are actually doing a noble thing by stealing from the rich

58
Q

When is making a digital copy not against the law?

A

when you have boughten a piece and copy it for your own use

59
Q

What is a rebuttal?

A

the final argument in a debate where opposing arguments are combined and addressed

60
Q

What does the fair use law about copyright ensure?

A

the security of artists’ work being known as their own

61
Q

In the fair use law, who isn’t allowed to use copywritten materials without permission? Give an example.

A

people who use them for profit like a business

62
Q

In the fair use law, who is allowed to use what percentage of copywritten materials without permission? Name the three areas.

A

education, newsmedia, and nonprofit organizations can use around 10% of product without asking permission

63
Q

How long does a copyright term last and how much does it cost to buy?

A

it lasts author’s lifetime + 70 years and is free because it happens when a product is made

64
Q

Which creative protection is the most expensive to secure the rights to? Why?

A

patent because you usually use the product for a profit

65
Q

Which protection is more about identity than it is about making money?

A

trademark

66
Q

What is the Denny’s Sampler?

A

when you link a bunch of quotes together and take different things people have said then using them word for word as your own

67
Q

What is the Ghost Writer?

A

when someone writes a paper for you and then you put it in your name; it can be bought

68
Q

What is the Photocopy?

A

when you copy and paste stuff and don’t cite it properly

69
Q

The _____ is the most common type of plagiarism because…

A

Photocopy; computers make it really easy to copy and paste stuff

70
Q

What are two reasons people plagiarise for?

A

they have poor time management and don’t know what they are doing

71
Q

Why is FPV Quad Racing the next revolution in video gaming?

A

it mixes virtual and real reality together

72
Q

Name the five steps to making a research paper.

A

1) Pick a topic and write an outline
2) Find quotes
3) Find sources for bibliography
4) Type sources with proper citations
5) Fill in the gaps

73
Q

What does an outline help you to eliminate and do?

A

eliminates unneeded details and organizes your thoughts

74
Q

Research papers report on…

A

what other people have said

75
Q

What does MLA stand for?

A

Modern Language Association

76
Q

What does MLA usually report on?

A

humanities or English related topics that aren’t sciencey

77
Q

MLA doesn’t use a title page. Instead it uses a _____.

A

header

78
Q

MLA doesn’t use a bibliography. Instead it uses a _____ _____ page.

A

works cited

79
Q

What’s the nommanclature for an in-text citation?

A

“(last name, page number).

80
Q

What does the fourth amendment state?

A

it protects the privacy of a citizen and states that the even the government can’t come and invade your privacy without a good reason and a warrant

81
Q

Name 8 things to have good internet conduct.

A
  1. Use good grammar.
  2. Only post G-rated pictures.
  3. Use emoticons when appropriate.
  4. Don’t post personal information.
  5. Don’t post locations or GPS tag your activities.
  6. Don’t be provocative.
  7. Use language that is appropriate for future viewers
  8. Don’t gossip about others.
82
Q

What was ThinThread? How did it differ from “The Program?”

A

ThinThread was made to protect citizens by gathering suspicious metadata from outward sources; it still allowed Americans to keep their identities hidden through encryptians; “the program” didn’t have encryptians and spied on American citizens

83
Q

What does NSA stand for and what is their job?

A

National Security Agency; to make sure the United States doesn’t get attacked

84
Q

Who were: Edward Snowden, Glenn Greenwald, General Hayden, Dick Cheney, Tamm, and Drake?

A

Snowden: the man who announced the program to the public in 2013
Greenwald: journalist who was first contacted by Snowden and then, through a series of events, got thousands of NSA documents and wrote articles about them
Hayden: NSA’s director and proposed the program to the president (Bush)
Cheney: Vice President and pushed Hayden to make the program legal
Tamm: department of justice lawyer, whistleblower who secetly told info about the program to newspapers
Drake: told individuals secretly about the program

85
Q

What is the Bechdel Test?

A

1) there must be two+ women 2) talking 3) about something other then men or sex

86
Q

What percentage of men view porn regularly? Women?

A

men: 64 %
women: 20%

87
Q

What percentage of internet revenue does porn make up? How much money is that?

A

~30%

$28,000,000,000; 28 billion dollars

88
Q

What’s the percentage of internet cites dedicated to porn?

A

12%

89
Q

What’s the percentage of men who masturbate regularly? Women?

A

men: 96%
women: 74 %

90
Q

How do we see that the internet hates women?

A

porn shows aggressiveness and other bad qualities that pervert how God created sex, for women and men; women are only looked on as sex symbols in movies, like in the bechdel test

91
Q

What is considered marketing? Give a definition. How does this affect pictures?

A

marketing promotes products, oneself, or an idea; marketing is used nowadays a lot more because it allows you to make money, this meaning that people will spruce up their images for profit

92
Q

What percentage of pictures are digitally altered? How do we know?

A

100%; cameras have dynamic range that don’t percieve as much as us so they alter the picture within the camera until it looks closest to reality; photography is basically art

93
Q

Name four reasons photography is studied in computer class. Include Moore’s Law.

A

a) cameras are basically tiny specialized computers
b) Moore’s law states computers will double in proccessing so cameras will too
c) it’s fun! and our computer teacher enjoys it
d) every picture seen is processed on a computer screen at least once

94
Q

How does a camera create a picture?

A

photons go through camera lens - they come to Red, Green, and Blue filters - filters stop other wavelength from passing through that doesn’t match its color - the light goes through filters and hits silicon “wells” - “wells/pixels” become active - info is combined into an image

95
Q

What’s a silicon waffer?

A

a man-made spun silicon pillar that is used to be made into CPUs, sensors, and other computer related items

96
Q

What are burnt highlights? What is over and under exposure? How are they related?

A

burnt highlights; when an image is over exposed so much that the data is lost in a blur; over exposed is when an image is brighter then what you see in reality while under is when it’s darker than reality

97
Q

What’s dynamic range?

A

the shades/colors that can be seen between pure white and pure black

98
Q

What does shuter speed do? Which speed does what?

A

shutter speed blurs or freezes motion; fast shutter speed freezes it and slow blurs it

99
Q

In the formula A + S = E, what do the letters stand for?

A

Aperture
Shutter Speed
Exposure

100
Q

What is aperture and what does it do?

A

aperture is how wide the lens opens and it affects how much light is let in along with the depth of field

101
Q

Fill in the blanks according to aperture. A big f-stop number = _____ hole in lens = _____ depth of field

A

small, big

so big number=small hole=big depth of field

102
Q

What does a shallow depth of field mostly used for and what does it look like? Explain large, too.

A

shallow depth of field is used for portraits and makes the background and front blurred more; large depth of field is used for landscapes and keeps everything in focus

Computers (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions