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Band I > Finals > Flashcards

Finals Flashcards

1
Q

the sharp, flat, or natural signs placed at the beginning of a staff indicating the tonality of the composition

A

key signatures

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2
Q

little by little

A

poco a poco

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3
Q

gradually accelerating or getting faster

A

accelerando

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4
Q

slow

A

lento

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5
Q

a stress or special emphasis on a beat to mark its position in the measure

A

accents

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6
Q

an indication to the performer to repeat sections of a composition from the dal segno symbol, to the place marked fine

A

D.S. al fine

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7
Q

an indication to the performer to repeat sections of a composition from the beginning, to the place marked fine

A

D.C. al fine

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8
Q

indicate that the performer is to perform the coda portion of the composition after repeating to the dal sego sign

A

D.S. al Coda

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9
Q

indicate that the performer is to perform the coda portion of the composition after repeating to the beginning of the composition

A

D.C. al Coda

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10
Q

the method or clearness of beginning a phrase. important part of articulation.

A

attack

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11
Q

the act or manner of terminating a musical phrase or tone

A

release

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12
Q

directive to return to the original tempo after a deliberate deviation

A

a tempo

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13
Q

symbols written into a composition that are a directive to the performers to perform the indicated passage with a specific dynamic

A

dynamic markings

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14
Q

always

A

sempre

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15
Q

a fast tempo marking between allegretto and vivace

a composition in fast tempo, especially the first and last movements of a sonata, symphony, etc.

A

allegro

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16
Q

music composed for many parts or voices, each with its own melody, thus creating a rich texture of sound

A

polyphonic

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17
Q

a style of composition in which there is one melody, and all the voices and accompaniments move rhythmically together.

A

homophonic

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18
Q

marked, accented, emphatic, stressed

A

marcato

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19
Q

English Medieval strophic song with a refrain (burden) repeated after each stanza. now, erroneously, any Christmas song is called this

A

carol

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20
Q

a musical time signature in which the accented beats of each measure are divisible by two

A

simple meter

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21
Q

meter in which each beat is divisible by three rather than two

A

compound meter

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22
Q

a directive to perform a certain passage of a composition with a gradual slowing of the tempo

A

rallentando

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23
Q

the music of the period c. 1600-1750 CE, directly following the Renaissance and preceding the Classical era. characterized by a lot of ornamentation; also distinguishable by its use of basso continuo and application of the doctrine of the affections. Giovanni Gabrieli, Claudio Monteverdi, Antonio Vivaldi, Dominico Scarlatti, Johann Sebastian Bach, George Frederick Handel

A

Baroque

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24
Q

a curved line drawn over or under the heads of two notes of the same pitch indicating that there should be no break between them but they should be played as a single note

A

tie

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25
Q

a sign in musical notation consisting of a curved line drawn over or under a series of notes, indicating that those notes should be played legato. also indicates the grouping and phrasing of a passage in a composition

A

slur

26
Q

Italian for less.

A

meno

27
Q

a meter featuring beats of unequal size. A meter of five, for example, can be understood as a grouping of three notes followed by two notes, as if one were counting “1-2-3, 1-2.” A different kind of irregular meter is seven, often broken up into patterns of twos and threes: e.g., 3 + 2 + 2, or 2 + 2 + 3

A

irregular meter

28
Q

sustained

A

sostenuto

29
Q

a directive to perform the indicated passage of a composition with motion or quicker

A

con moto

30
Q

refers to the vertical structure of a composition - how many parts/voices there are, whta the configuration(close, open, etc.) of the voices is, how the voices interact, etc.

A

texture

31
Q

a directive to perform a specific note or chord of a composition with particular emphasis. the note or chord would be performed as if it had an ccent and performed at the dynamic level indicated. sf, sff, sfff - NOT sfz, sffz, sfffz

A

sforzando

32
Q

less motion or with a slower tempo. often qualified by poco.

A

meno mosso

33
Q

a directive to perform a certain passage of a composition in a lively or brisk manner

A

vivace

34
Q

growing broader, louder, and slower.

A

allargando

35
Q

expression used to augment the directive to which it is applied. often used to modify tempo markings in a composition.

A

molto

36
Q

directive to perform a certain note or chord of a composition in a sustained manner for longer than its full duration.

A

tenuto

37
Q

a practice common in Romantic compositions of taking part of the duration from one note and giving it to another. involves the performer tastefully stretching, slowing, or hurrying the tempo as he/she sees fit, thus imparting flexibility and emotion to the performance

A

rubato

38
Q

directive to perform a certain passage of a composition in a smooth, graceful, connected style, as opposed to staccato. often indicated by a slur over the effected notes or as an accent mark with a line over the notes to be performed in this manner

A

legato

39
Q

directive to perform the designated passage of a composition in a stately, dignified, majestic fashion

A

maestoso

40
Q

the duration of a note, or the relationship of the duration of the note to the measure. Ex: in common time, whole note = one full measure, half note = 1/2 measure, etc.

A

note values

41
Q

the art of performing music in a way that allows each phrase to be conceived as a single unit. involves breathing in the correct places, crescendoing and decrescendoing in the correct places, and using rhythm dynamics, and musicianship to give the music shape

A

phrasing

42
Q

4/4 time

A

common time

43
Q

directive to perform a certain passage of a composition with a ritard to the tempo, to gradually delay the tempo

A

Ritardando

44
Q

tempo primo. directive to perform a certain passage of a composition in the original tempo of the composition, usually after a diversion from the original tempo

A

Tempo I

45
Q

directive to perform the designated passage of a composition in a moderate tempo

A

moderato

46
Q

A style of playing notes in a detached, separated, distinct manner, as opposed to legato

A

staccato

47
Q

A directive to a performer to smoothly increase the volume of a particular phrase or passage, typically a dynamic mark at either end of the symbol indicating the desired volume before and after, often refered to as a hairpin or a wedge.

A

crescendo

48
Q

A moderate tempo marking between largo and moderato. This tempo typically has between 76 and 108 beats per minute.

A

andante

49
Q

more

A

piu

50
Q

major scales

A

WWHWWWH, C G D A E B F# C#

51
Q

Singing or performing in a melodious and graceful style, full of expression.

A

cantabile

52
Q

Suddenly; at once; immediately.

A

subito

53
Q

The phenomenon that two separate pitch notations stand for the same sound
Ex: F# and Gb

A

enharmonic pitches

54
Q

A scale which divides the octave into its semitones. There are twelve semitones, or half steps, to an octave

A

chromatic scale

55
Q

a semitone

A

half step

56
Q

An interval of two semitones, a major second.

A

whole step

57
Q

A mark placed before a note which indicates that the previously understood pitch of the note should be altered by one or two half steps (semitones)

A

accidental

58
Q

The specific quality of a sound that makes it a recognizable tone. defines the location of a tone in relation to others, thus giving it a sense of being high or low.

A

pitch

59
Q

The distance between two pitches.

A

interval

60
Q

A hymn of the Lutheran church, usually written for four voice harmony. many written by J.S. Bach and serve as basis for the rules of part writing - melody usually in top voice, with supporting harmony in the lower voices

A

chorale

61
Q

A song of praise or adoration to a deity.

A

hymn

62
Q

To break up a larger metrical pattern into smaller parts so that it may be more easily understood.

A

subdivision

Band I (3 decks)

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