Finals

Question 1

Density

Answer 1

m/V

Question 2

Nonpolar Covalent Bond (Electronegativity)

Answer 2

Difference of 0 - 0.4

Question 3

Polar Covalent Bond (Electronegativity)

Answer 3

Difference of 0.5 - 2.0

Question 4

Ionic Bond (Electronegativity)

Answer 4

Difference of > 2.0

Question 5

Electron Group Geometry: 2 Electron Groups

Answer 5

EG: Linear
Predicted Bond Angle: 180°

Question 5

Electron Group Geometry: 3 Electron Groups

Answer 5

EG: Trigonal Planar
Predicted Bond Angle: 120°

Question 6

Electron Group Geometry: 4 Electron Groups

Answer 6

EG: Tetrahedral
Predicted Bond Angle: 109.5°

Question 7

Linear Electron Domain

Answer 7

MG: Linear

Question 8

Trigonal Planar Electron Domain

Answer 8

All e- domains = Bonds: trigonal planar
One e- domain = Nonbonding: Bent/angular

Question 9

Tetrahedral Electron Domain

Answer 9

All e- domains = BondingPair: Tetrahedral
One nonbonding pair e- domain: Trigonal Pyramidal
Two nonbonding pair e- domain: Bent/angular

Question 10

Hydrogen Bonding

Answer 10

Strong dipole-dipole force when hydrogen bonds with F, O, N.

Question 11

HONC(Neutral molecules)

Answer 11

1234
Number of bonds

Question 12

Heat Equation

Answer 12

q=mCΔT

Question 13

Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP)

Answer 13

1 atm and 273 K (0° C)

Question 14

Molarity

Answer 14

M = moles solute/liters solution

Question 15

Molarity to Molarity Conversion

Answer 15

1) Check if solutions match.
2) Balance Equation

Question 16

Boiling Point Elevation

Answer 16

ΔTb = Tb(solution) - Tb(solvent) = iK₆m
Where Kb = 0.51C/m for water and i - number of particles.

Question 17

Freezing Point Depression

Answer 17

ΔTf = Tf(solution) - Tf(solvent) = -iKբm
Where Kf = 1.86 C/m for water and i = number of particles

Question 18

Molality

Answer 18

m = moles solute/kilogram solvent

Question 19

Buffer

Answer 19

Requires weak acid and conjugate base(Balanced equation + H2O)

Question 20

Trait of weak/strong acid/base.

Answer 20

weak acids = less than 100% ionizes to produce H+ ion./ Strong acid ionize 100% to produce H+t

Question 21

Acid

Answer 21

Substance that forms hydrogen ions H+ when dissolved in water.

Question 22

Base

Answer 22

Substance that forms hydroxide ions OH- when dissolve in water.

Question 23

Orbital Diagram Order

Answer 23

Put one arrow in each box for a shell before adding another pair.

Question 24

Finding [H₃O] or [OH-]

Answer 24

[H₃O] * [OH-] = 1.00 x 10⁻¹⁴

Question 25

Lewis Structure: Ionic Compound

Answer 25

No prefixes when compound is ionic. If polyatomic ion, that specific one has prefix.

Question 26

Combustion Reaction

Answer 26

Hydrocarbon + O₂(g) → CO₂(g) + H₂O(g)

Question 27

Neutralization Reaction

Answer 27

Acid + Base → Water + Salt

Question 28

Diatomic Elements

Answer 28

H + L(I→F→N)