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HCI > FINALS > Flashcards

FINALS Flashcards

1
Q

task specific tool leads the user through task, step by step, using user’s answers to specific questions useful for safe completion of complex or infrequent tasks constrained task execution so limited flexibility must allow user to go back

A

Wizards

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2
Q

continuous access concurrent to main application

A

Availability

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3
Q

the effect of context on the sound
transforms the phonemes into allophones

A

Co-articulation

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4
Q

Between different parts of the help system and paper Documentation

A

Consistency

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5
Q

the world in which the system operates and by which it is influenced

A

Environment

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6
Q

basic actions user performs

A

Operators

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7
Q

human and technical requirements

A

Socio-technical models

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8
Q

idealized model of expert use is constructed
actual use compared to ideal model may contain the commonality or difference Special case: user behaviour compared to known error catalogue

A

Overlay

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9
Q

eg semantic network, knowledge stored in structures with slots to be filled useful for a small domain.

A

Frame based

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10
Q

travel agency staff, airline booking staff

A

Primary stakeholder

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11
Q

alteration in tone and quality
variations in emphasis, stress, pauses and pitch impart more meaning to sentences.

A

Prosody

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12
Q

decomposition of a goal into subgoals/operators

A

Methods

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13
Q

broader view of human and organizational issues

A

Soft systems methodology

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14
Q

correct error handling and unpredictable behaviour

A

Robustness

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15
Q

use a number of different media to communicate information

A

Multi-media systems

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16
Q

use more than one sense (or mode ) of interaction

A

Multi-modal systems

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17
Q

40 of them basic atomic units
sound slightly different depending on the context they are in, these larger units

A

Phonemes

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18
Q

Backus-Naur Form (BNF) , Very common notation from computer science

A

BNF

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19
Q

Task–Action Grammar (TAG)

A

TAG

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20
Q

monitor user behaviour and offer contextual advice can be irritating e.g. MS paperclip
must be under user control e.g. XP smart tags

A

Assistants

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21
Q

means of choosing between competing methods

A

Selection

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22
Q

identify their requirements in organizational context

A

Stakeholders

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23
Q

the changes that are affected by the system

A

Transformation

24
Q

Synthetic sounds used to convey information
Structured combinations of notes (motives ) represent actions and objects

A

Earcons

25
Q

customers, airline management

A

Secondary stakeholder

26
Q

study users in context, unbiased perspective

A

Ethnographic methods

27
Q

smallest unit of language that has meaning.

A

Morphemes

28
Q

competitors, civil aviation authorities, customers’ travelling companions, airline shareholders

A

Tertiary stakeholder

29
Q

knowledge represented as relationships between facts
can be used to link frames.

A

Network based

30
Q

includes the user directly in the design process

A

Participatory design

31
Q

Use natural sounds to represent different types of object or action
Portability

A

Auditory icons

32
Q

Allows users to interact in a way appropriate to their experience and task​

A

Flexibility

33
Q

In user modeling, it refers to classifying users into particular categories based on characteristics

A

Stereotype

34
Q

Refers to forms used for entering information in UI design. It involves logical layout, alignment, and groupings​

A

Dialogue box

35
Q

Refers to localization and internationalization, addressing how interfaces need adjustments for specific cultural or linguistic contexts, taking into account meanings of symbols and cultural assumptions​

A

Cultural differences

36
Q

The ease with which new users can begin effective interaction and achieve maximal performance

A

Flexibility

37
Q

Implied through techniques in prototyping and usability engineering, emphasizing iterative approaches​

A

methods

38
Q

Modifiability of the user interface by user (adaptability) or system (adaptivity)

A

Customizability

39
Q

restricts user interaction to the dialogue box until it is dismissed. It is easy to implement with event-loop-based systems but challenging with notification-based systems​

A

Modal dialogue box

40
Q

a set of fixed questions given to users to gather feedback. It is quick, can reach a large user group, and allows for more rigorous analysis compared to interviews​

A

Questionnaire

41
Q

a prediction that states no difference exists between experimental conditions.

A

Null hypothesis

42
Q

provide core support for simultaneous user-system activity, such as enabling multiple independent tasks to run concurrently

A

Windowing systems

43
Q

the ability to modify the user interface by the designer or user. It is a feature enabled by User Interface Management Systems (UIMS)​

A

Customizability

44
Q

refers to the most immediate form of feedback, such as the movement of a mouse pointer on a screen

A

Lexical

45
Q

a prediction of an experiment’s outcome, framed in terms of independent and dependent variables

A

Hypothesis

46
Q

refers to changes related to the meaning of the interaction, such as updating the sum of numbers displayed on the screen.

A

Semantic

46
Q

allows users to continue interacting with other parts of the interface while the box remains open.

A

Non-modal dialogue box

47
Q

assume a normal distribution and are more powerful but less robust than non-parametric tests

A

Parametric

48
Q

bring programming closer to the level of user perception and allow programming with interaction objects (e.g., techniques, widgets, gadgets) to promote consistency and generalizability through a similar look and feel​

A

Interaction toolkits

49
Q

refers to a finite number of values​

A

Discrete

50
Q

refers to the ability to reuse components, often a goal of User Interface Management Systems (UIMS) to cut development costs​

A

reusability

51
Q

provide an additional level above toolkits, separating application semantics from presentation to improve portability, reusability, and support for multiple interfaces

A

User interface management systems (UIMS)

52
Q

allow access to the same functionality through different user interfaces, often facilitated by User Interface Management Systems (UIMS)

A

Multiple interfaces

53
Q

refer to the cognitive models used in evaluation to filter design options or frameworks like GOMS to predict user performance​

A

Model

54
Q

a characteristic that is changed to produce different conditions in an experiment, such as interface style or the number of menu items

A

Independent variable

55
Q

offer support for the creation of software, including windowing systems, interaction toolkits, and User Interface Management Systems (UIMS), to control the relationship between presentation and functionalit

A

Programming tools

HCI (2 decks)

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