finals Flashcards
Acids are also defined as?
(PROTON DONORS)
Bases are also defined as?
(PROTON ACCEPTOR)
Who introduced the Lewis Concept?
(GILBERT LEWIS NEWTON)
What is the most common acid that can be found in the kitchen?
(ACETIC ACID)
Who introduced the Arrhenius Theory?
(SVANTE ARRHENIUS)
Acids make litmus paper turn?
RED)
What taste is commonly associated with bases?
( BITTER TASTE)
What is the pH of a neutral solution?
7
What is the process called when an acid and a base react to form salt and water?
(NEUTRALIZATION)
It is a substance that often tastes sour.
(ACID(S))
It is neither acidic nor basic.
(NEUTRAL(S))
It is a compound that when mixed with water, makes a solution with fewer hydroxide ions than pure water.
(BASE)
What is the common example of a neutral substance?
(WATER)
A Russian chemist who created the periodic table.
(DMITRI MENDELEEV)
What are the weakest types of intermolecular forces?
(DISPERSION FORCES)
Father of Chemistry
(ANTOINE LAVOISIER)
An English chemist revised the periodic table known as “The Modern Periodic Table” in 1913
(HENRY MOSELY)
Ionization of a substance in a solution is reduced because another substance with the same ion is added to the solution
(COMMON ION EFFECT)
Refers to how much acid or base you can pour into a buffer solution before its pH starts to noticeably change, usually by one whole number
(BUFFER CAPACITY)
Substance has a pH of exactly 7, indicating that it is neither acidic nor bases
(NEUTRAL)
The pH range over which a buffer effectively neutralizes added acids and bases
(BUFFER RANGE)
Also defined as Proton Donors.
(ACIDS)
Also defined as Proton Acceptor.
BASES)
When an acid and base mix together, they create salt and water in a process called?
(NEUTRAL)
What is the strongest intermolecular force?
(HYDROGEN BONDING)
Base that can easily grab a proton from a very weak acid?
(STRONG BASE)
It is typically created by combining weak acids with their salts such as sodium, or weak alkalis with their salts?
( BUFFER SOLUTION)
It reacts with the acid to form _____?
( SALTS)
It is somehow its power zone, where it’s super effective at keeping the pH stable?
( BUFFER RANGE)
Substances that can accept protons (h+ ions) or donate hydroxide ions (OH- ions).
(BASE)
The ________ refers to the pH range over which a buffer solution effectively resists changes in pH.
(BUFFER RANGE)
Substance that can release hydrogen ion in detectable amounts
(ACIDS)
In Arrhenius Concept ______ yields hydroxyls ion.
(BASE)
In Lewis Concept _______ is an e electron pair acceptor
(ACID)
What is the conjugate of an acid?
(WEAK BASE)
It has a sour taste, and can dissolve many metals or burn.
(ACIDS)
It reacts with water to form a base.
(BASIC OXIDE )
Is a chemical reaction in which there is a transfer of electrons from one species (reducing agent) to another (oxidizing agent).
(REDOX REACTION)
What is the pH level of seawater?
8
What makes the water acidic?
(MORE HYDROGEN IONS)
What makes the water basic?
(MORE HYDROXYL IONS)
It is substances that don’t fully separate into their ions when dissolved in water.
(WEAK BASES)
An acid doesn’t fully break apart into its ions when you dissolve them in water.
(WEAK ACID)
It associates and ionizes 100% in an acq solution.
(STRONG BASE)
A chemical reaction between acid and a base that forms salt and water.
(NEUTRALIZATION REACTION)
Are a chemical reaction involving simultaneously oxidation and reduction processes.
(OXIDATION-REDUCTION REACTION)
React with water to produce acids.
(ACIDIC OXIDES)
Introduced by Bronsted-Lowry, offers a broader understanding of acids, and bases.
(BRONSTED-LOWRY CONCEPT)
Acid that completely dissociates into ions when dissolved in water.
(STRONG ACID)
Base that can easily grab a proton from a very weak acid
(STRONG BASE)
What ion do acids produce in water?
(H+ IONS)
What ion do acids produce in water?
(H+ IONS)
What is the process of losing electrons?
(OXIDATION)
In this type of bond, the electrons are shared between the atoms, but one atom has a stronger pull on the electrons than the other. What bond is this?
(POLAR COVALENT BOND)
Refers to the amount of matter present in the material.
(MASS)
Discovered Neutrons.
(JAMES CHADWICK)
Study of structure properties, composition, and changes that matter undergoes.
(CHEMISTRY)
Compounds when mixed with water, makes solutions with fewer hydrogen ions than water (solutions have pH higher than 7)
(BASES)
Compounds aren’t acidic nor basic in any way.
(NEUTRAL)
Proposed a concept of acids and bases based on ionization theory.
(ARRHENIUS CONCEPT)
Give an example of strong acids
(HNO³- nitric acid)
Give an example of strong bases.
(NaOH- sodium hydroxide)
What is the term for a solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added?
(Buffer)
What acid is commonly found in vinegar?
(Acetic acid)
What is the term for a reaction in which an acid and a base react to form water and a salt?
(Neutralization reaction)
