Finals

Question 1

Outer layer of earth, thickness, solid/fluid, density

Answer 1

Crust: 7-40km, solid, 3g/cm2
Elements: Al, Si, O

Question 2

Second layer of earth, thickness, density, solid/fluid, elements

Answer 2

Mantle: 2900, semisolid, 3.4g/co2,
Elements: Mg, Al, Si, Fe

Question 3

Third layer of earth, thickness, solid/fluid, elements, density

Answer 3

Outer core: 2300 km, liquid, 9g/cm2
Elements: Fe/Ni alloy

Question 4

Inner layer of earth, elements, density, solid/fluid, thickness

Answer 4

Inner Core: 1228 km, solid, 11.6g/cm2
Elements: Ni/Fe alloy

Question 5

Densest layer of earth

Answer 5

Inner core

Question 6

Liquid layer of the Earth

Answer 6

Outer core

Question 7

Thickest/thinnest layer of the Earth

Answer 7

Mantle/crust

Question 8

Why is the core so hot?

Answer 8

Radioactive decay, gravitational energy, residual heat

Question 9

explain the continental drift theory, its creator, and the evidence of it

Answer 9

Creator: Wegener
Theory: continents plow across the seafloor, pangea (panthalase, Laurasia, gonguana land)
Evidence: puzzle of cont. shelves, mtns, fossils, rocks, climate histories (coal=tropical swamp, glacial deposits, etc)

Question 10

Explain seafloor spreading, evidence, creator

Answer 10

Creator: Hess
Theory: seafloor created at MORs, returns to earth at trenches
Evidence: newest @ MORs, older from there. Magnetic reversals are semetrical

Question 11

Explain tectonic plates theory, creator, evidence

Answer 11

Creator: Vine and Matthews
Theory: lithosphere broken into pieces moving and floating on asthenosphere by convection currents
Evidence: volcanos, EQs, faults, trenches, MORs, mountains, etc

Question 12

explain suspect terrains, creator, evidence

Answer 12

Creator: ———-
Theory: small plated collide to make the larger ones we know
Evidence: faults with very dif rocks on either side

Question 13

Cont. Oceanic convergence description and features

Answer 13

• oceanic plate subducts
• melting magma rises to form volcanic arc (on land)
• currents converge
• forms trenches, subduction zones, volcanic arc, shallow-deep EQs

Question 14

Give an example of a Oc. Cont. Conv.

Answer 14

Cascade Mt. Range

Question 15

Oc. Oc. Conv. description and features

Answer 15

• denser plate subducts
• magma-> volcanic island chain
• convection currents converge
• forms trench, subduction zone, island arc, shallow-deep EQs

Question 16

Example of Oc. Oc. Conv.

Answer 16

Aleutian Islands

Question 17

Cont. Cont. Conv. description and features

Answer 17

• converging currents
• plates not dense enough of thick enough to sink- push up to form mtns
• forms mtns, shallow EQs

Question 18

example of cont. cont. conv.

Answer 18

Himalayas

Question 19

divergent boundary description and features

Answer 19

• rising convection currents diverge
• rising magma-> seafloor
• forms rift valley, MOR/seafloor spreading, shallow EQs

Question 20

example of divergent boundary

Answer 20

Mid Atlantic Ridge

Question 21

description and features of transform boundaries

Answer 21

• found a long MORs perp to div. boundaries
• caused bc rigid plates are moving on round surface
• causes shallow EQs

Question 22

example of transform fault

Answer 22

San Andreas Fault