FINALS

Question 1

From the curve, within limits from 0 to H, there are two depths at which any given discharge will flow with the same energy content.

Answer 1

Alternate stages

Question 2

Tranquil or Upper stage’s froude number

Answer 2

less than 1

Question 3

Rapid or Lower stage’s froude number

Answer 3

greater than 1

Question 4

the depth at which for a given total head, the discharge is maximum or the depth at which for a given flow, the specific energy is minimum

Answer 4

Critical depth

Question 5

for any given discharge and cross-section of channel, it is a slope just sufficient to maintain flow at critical depth.

Answer 5

Critical slope

Question 6

is the onbe which a given slope, area, and roughness factor will have the maximum capacity

Answer 6

Most economical and efficient section

Question 7

occurs where the stream enters and leaves the channel at obstructions and at the changes in the form of cross section

Answer 7

non-uniform flow

Question 8

an abrupt rise in water surface which results from retarding water flowing at lower stage.

Answer 8

Hydraulic jump

Question 9

a converging tube attached to the end of a pipe or hose which serves to increase the velocity of the issuing jet

Answer 9

Nozzle

Question 10

Has a cylindrical tip of such length that will flow full

Answer 10

Nozzle

Question 11

is an opening with closed perimeter through which fluid flows.

Answer 11

Orifice

Question 12

The usual purpose is the measurement or control of the flow

Answer 12

Orifice

Question 13

is the principle discovered by Toricelli in 1644

Answer 13

Torricelli’s Theorem

Question 14

It states that “the theoretical velocity of discharge from an orifice is therefore the velocity acquired by a body falling freely in a vacuum through a height equal to the total head in the orifice

Answer 14

Toricelli’s Theorem

Question 15

is an instrument which consists of a converging tube connected to the main pipe, a constriction known as the throat and a diverging section which is connected again to the main pipe

Answer 15

Venturi Meter

Question 16

the increase in kinetic energy is equal to the decrease in potential energy

Answer 16

Venturi principle

Question 17

most common means of metering discharge in an open channel.

Answer 17

Weir

Question 18

It is a device placed in the channel that forces the flow through an opening or aperture designed to measure discharge

Answer 18

Weir

Question 19

Is the term for downstream overflow in weirs

Answer 19

Nappe

Question 20

The ratio of the actual mean velocity to the theoretical velocity which would exist without friction in an orifice is called

Answer 20

Coefficient of velocity

Question 21

The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the jet at the vena contracta to the area of the orifice is called the

Answer 21

Coefficient of contraction

Question 22

What shape of orifice is most common for fluid measurements

Answer 22

Concentric Bore

Question 23

It is an overflow structure built across an open channel for the purpose of measuring the flow

Answer 23

Weir

Question 24

There is a downward curvature of the surface of the liquid in the vicinity of the weir which is the

Answer 24

Nappe