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ORG CHEM LAB > finals > Flashcards

finals Flashcards

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1
Q

Ability to separate molecules using various partitioning characteristics of molecule to remain in a stationary versus a mobile phase. Omce a molecule is separated from the mixture it can be isolated and quantified

A

Chromatography

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2
Q

Who first applied the separation of plant pigments

A

Mikhail Semyonovich Tsvet

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3
Q

Greek for color and to write

A

Chromatos & Graphein

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4
Q

flows through the column; carries analyte

A

Mobile phase

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5
Q

Stays in place, does not move

A

Stationary phase

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6
Q

instrument employed for a chromatography

A

Chromatograph

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7
Q

phase that stayd in the place inside thr column. It can be a particular solid or gel based packaging (LC) or a highly viscous liquid coated inside the column (GC)

A

Stationary phase

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8
Q

the solvent moving through the column; either a liquid im LC or gas in GC

A

mobile phase

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9
Q

fluid entering the column

A

Eluent

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10
Q

Fluid exiting the column

A

Eluate

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11
Q

process of passing the mobile phase throhgh the column

A

Elution

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12
Q

Graph showing detector response as the function of time

A

Chromatogram

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13
Q

Defines how much mobilr phase passed per minute (ml/min)

A

Flow rate

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14
Q

distance passed by mobile phase per 1 min in the column (cm/min)

A

Linear velocity

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15
Q

chromatography based on bed

A

Column anr planar

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16
Q

2 types of planar chromatography

A

Paper and TLC

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17
Q

chromatography based on physical states

A

gas and liquid

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18
Q

2 types of liquid chromarography

A

High perf liquid and Supercritical fluid chromatography

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19
Q

chromatography based om separation mech

A

Affinity, ion exchange and Gel filtration

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20
Q

2 types of Ion chromatography

A

Anion and cation exchange

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21
Q

solute on the surface of stationary phase for polar non ionic compounds

A

Adsorption

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22
Q

attraction of ions of opposite charges; for ionic compounds anions or cations

A

Ion exchange

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23
Q

based on the relative solubility of analyte in mobile and stationary phase

A

Partition

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24
Q

separates molecules by size sieving not real interaction small molecules travel longer

A

Size exclusion (gel filtration, gel permeation

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25
Q

specific interactions like a particular antibody to protein

A

Affinity

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26
Q

particles stick to the surface of the other phase

A

Adsorption

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27
Q

particles soak into the bulk of other phase

A

Absorption

28
Q

has red pigment

A

Anthocyanin

29
Q

Orange pigment

A

Carotenoids

30
Q

has yellow pigment

A

Xanthophyll

31
Q

Green pigment

A

Chlorophyll

32
Q

formula for retention factor (Rf)

A

Distance of solute/ Distance of solvent front

33
Q

Rf value of Ɓ-carotene

A

0.99

34
Q

rf value of chlorophyll A

A

0.30

35
Q

rf value of chlorophyll B

A

0.13

36
Q

rf value of violaxanthin

A

0.40

37
Q

Rf value of lutein

A

0.68

38
Q

The______ the Rf value, the less polar is the solute

A

Higher

39
Q

The ______ the rf the more polar the solute

A

Lower

40
Q

Which among the pigments the most soluble

A

Ɓ-carotene

41
Q

T/F organic halides are FLAMMABLE

A

F its not flammable

42
Q

Are organic halides with a ___ alpha carbon wherein the a-carbon is connected to the only one alkyl group
ex. n-butyl chloride

A

Primary organic halides

43
Q

appears as a water white liquid w/ a sharp odor. It is slightly soluble in water

A

n-butyle chloride

44
Q

melting point of n-butyl chloride

A

77-78⁰

45
Q

a colorless volatile liquid at room temp and IMMISCIBLE in water

A

sec-butyl chloride

46
Q

colorless flammable liquid and sparingly soluble in water

A

tert-butyl chloride

47
Q

in this type of substitution a bond between a carbon and a leaving group is broken

A

Nucleophilic substitution

48
Q

Sn1 w/ ethanolic AgNO3
Time of butyl chloride
n
sec
tert

A

1200s
120s
3s

49
Q

results of sn1 w/ethanolic agno3
n
sec
tert

A

turbid
turbid
white ppt

50
Q

a type of mechanism where substitution occurs through the donation of a lone pair from the nucleophile into the sigma orbital on the backsidenod of the C-LG bond

A

SN2 MECH

51
Q

Sn2 w NaI in acetone time and results
n
sec
tert

A

3s White ppt
8s turbid
600s turbid

52
Q

Colorless liquid with a bp of 69⁰
Petroleum like odor

A

Hexane

53
Q

Aliphatic compound that is a constituent in the paraffin fraction ofbcrude oil

A

Hexane

54
Q

straight chain alkane with no branching

A

Hexane

55
Q

non polar volatile solvent. less volatile and slightly higher bp than hexane

A

Heptane

56
Q

Alicyclic non polar solvent . Used in pil extractant and paint and varnish remover and make nylon

A

Cyclohexane

57
Q

what makes cyclohexane slightly volatile than cyclohexene compared to straight chain alkenes less volatile

A

Ring strain cyclohexane

58
Q

colorless, insoluble to water, its DOUBLE BOND INCREASES POLARITY and intermolecular forces making it least volatile among other hydrocarbon presented

A

Cyclohexene

59
Q

Colorless liquid w/ SWEET ODOR HIGHLYFLAMMABLE USED IN DETERGENTS DYES DRUGS PESTICIDES

A

Benzene

60
Q

its also a carcinogen that damage bone marrow. Has a higher vapor pressure than cyclohexane but lower than hexane

A

Benzene

61
Q

aromatic odor less dense and insolublenin water slightly volatilebcompared to benzene due to intermolecular forces

A

Toluene

62
Q

other term for toleune

A

Methylbenzene

63
Q

most to least volatile compound

A

Hexane
heptane
cyclohexane
cyclohexene
benzene
toluene

64
Q

solubility in conc. H2SO4 of cyclohexene

A

Soluble; Formation of an orange layer

65
Q

h2so4
clear oily layers

A

heptane and cyclohexane

ORG CHEM LAB (1 decks)

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