FINALS Flashcards
The most common form of intercropping involves coconut as a base crop, because of an estimated ____ hectares planted to coconut
three million
In this system, “sods” (consisting of grasses, shrubs, and all other kinds of existing vegetations) are allowed to grow but are regularly trimmed or mowed to control their growth.
Sod System
The entire orchard is covered with mulching materials readily
available in the area such as rice straw, rice hull, and similar materials.
Mulch System
In this system, the soil is regularly tilled or weeded, leaving the soil bare at all times.
Clean Culture
It is the practice of growing any creeping vines or bushes in between the rows of trees, primarily for the purpose of keeping the soil surface covered and suppressing weed growth.
Cover Cropping
Some suggested cover crops are:
- Tropical Kudzu (Pueraria phastoloides)
- Calapogonium (Calapogonium mucanoides)
- Centrosema (centrosema pubecens)
How many percent of Philippine Agricultural land is dedicated in coconut plantation?
27%
First six years of planting, sun-loving crops such as corn, upland rice, cowpea, peanut, sweet potato, water melon, papaya, banana, citrus, and various vegetable crops.
Phase I
From the 7th to 25th year: Shade-tolerant crops such as black pepper, cacao, coffee, lanzones, mangosteen, durian, ginger, vanilla, gabi, etc.
Phase II
For 26th year and beyond: Mostly sun-loving crops such as grain crops, pineapple, papaya, rambutan, citrus, most vegetable crops, most root crops, as well as shade-tolerant crops listed
Phase III
Recommended percentage of a country’s forest cover.
40%
the first documented case of agroforestry in the Philippines
Hanumoo Native Farm in Mindoro Oriental
It is a practice wherein annual and perennial crops are planted under a secondary forest
mauyong by the Ifugaos
Recommended forest to agricultural ratio.
60-40 rule
One fruit tree species found to perform well in agroforestry system
Canarium ovatum
old fruit tree-based agroforestry areas in combination with bamboo, coffee and some forest trees;
Fruit-tree based modififed swidden farming
an agroforestry system where livestock are allowed to graze under the coconut- and fruit tree-based agroforestry areas
Agrisilvipasture
blocks of agricultural crops and forest trees are planted separately. Within these systems, crop rotation, relay and
mixed cropping is practiced where applicable.
Random Block Agroforestry
Tree logs, stumps, and tree branches are stacked along the contour lines to obstruct the flow of water and minimize soil erosion.
Balabag Method
It is used worldwide to control erosion because it easily forms a dense permanent hedge in less than a year
Vetiveria zizanioides - Vetiver Grass
It may be known as just harvesting without replacing the nutrients lost or exported out of the farm, happens, especially in coconut plantations.
Mining
Nutrients, particularly negatively charged ions like nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate, are lost through percolation or downward movement.
Leaching
the loss of nutrients in gaseous form
volatilization
influences the occurrence and activity of sal microorganisms.
soil pH
Free-living organisms that involve in nitrogen fixation
Azotobacter
Clostridium
symbiotic nitrogen-fixing microorganisms
Rhizobium
Actinomyces
involves the building of smoky fires under the canopy of mango trees to induce flowering
Smudging
Father of Philippine Horticulture
Dr. Ramon Barba
It is used to induce flowering by hacking the trunk repeatedly with a bolo
Wounding
In mango fruits, it is a method in which spores of Colletotricum gloesporoides on the surface of the fruits are inactivated by heat.
Hot Water Treatment
involves shaping plants into decorative forms or sculptures.
Topiary Pruning
Done by selectively removing branches and shoots within the
canopy,
Canopy Pruning
refers in shaping and manipulate the growth of trees for specific
purposes, such as improving aesthetics, promoting fruit production, or managing tree health and structure.
Tree Training
It is a specific form of tree training where the branches of a tree are trained to grow flat against a wall or trellis in a specific pattern.
Espalier
involves anchoring the tree to stakes or other supports with flexible ties to provide stability until the roots become
established.
Guying and Staking
involves pruning a tree back to its main trunk or framework
branches annually to encourage the growth of new shoots.
Pollarding
This method involves selectively cutting back branches
to a desired length or point, rather than removing
them entirely.
Cutting Back
refers to the removal of unwanted or excess shoots, commonly
practiced in various crops, particularly in perennial crops like
sugarcane, tobacco, banana, and grapes.
De-suckering
refers to the intentional removal of excess leaves from plants grown for agricultural purposes.
Leaf Pruning
refer to the techniques and processes used to gather mature crops from agricultural fields or plantations.
Harvesting Methods
Some plantations use a combination of manual and
mechanical methods for harvesting.
Combination Methods
