FINALS Flashcards
A service provided for the purpose of giving advice and information useful for the safe and efficient conduct of flights.
FLIGHT INFORMATION SERVICE
FIS IS RESPONSIBLE IN: (first 3)
- SIGMET and AIRMET
information - Information concerning pre-
eruption volcanic activity, volcanic eruptions and volcanic ash clouds - Concerning the release into the atmosphere of radioactive materials or toxic
chemicals
FIS IS RESPONSIBLE IN: (last 3)
- Information on changes in the
serviceability of navigation aids - Weather conditions reported of
forecast at departure, destination and alternate aerodromes - Collision hazards to aircraft
operating airspaces
is a weather advisory that contains
meteorological information concerning the safety of all aircraft.
SIGMET or Significant Meteorological Information AIM 7-1-6
two types of SIGMETs
convective and non- convective.
advises of weather that maybe hazardous, other than convective activity, to single engine, other light aircraft, and Visual Flight Rule (VFR) pilots. However, operators of large aircraft may also be concerned with these phenomena.
AIRMET (AIRman’s METeorological
Information)
happen when lava and gas are discharged from a volcanic vent. The most common consequences of this are population movements as large numbers of people are often forced to flee the moving lava flow.
Volcanic eruptions
Volcanic eruptions often cause
temporary food shortages and volcanic ash landslides called ______
Lahar
any material containing unstable atoms that emit ionizing radiation as it decays.
Radioactive Materials
is a prediction of what
the weather will be in the future.
weather forecast
Weather stations measure things such as ______, _______, and ______. Meteorologists use these measurements and fluid dynamics and other methods to predict the weather.
temperature, air pressure and cloud cover
Note: A forecast for many
days in the future is less trustworthy than
one for tomorrow or the next day.
…
Recording and Transmission of
Information on the Progress of Flights
AIR TRAFFIC ADVISORY SHALL BE: (1)
Recorded by the air traffic services units serving the FIR within which the aircraft is flying in such a manner that it is available for reference and in case it is requested for search and rescue operation.
Recording and Transmission of
Information on the Progress of Flights
AIR TRAFFIC ADVISORY SHALL BE: (2)
Transmitted by the air traffic services unit receiving the information to other air traffic services units concerned.
service provided for the purpose of giving advice. The objective of the this is to make information on collision hazards more effective than it would be in the mere provision of flight information service.
Air Traffic Advisory Service
It may be provided to aircraft conducting IFR flights in advisory airspace or on advisory routes (Class F airspace). and information useful for the safe and efficient conduct of flights.
Air Traffic Advisory Service
An airspace of defined dimensions, or designated route, within which air traffic advisory service is available.
Advisory airspace
A designated route along which air traffic advisory service is available.
Advisory route
Note : Air traffic control service provides a much more complete service than air traffic advisory service; advisory areas and routes are therefore not established within controlled airspace, but air traffic
advisory service may be provided below and above control areas.
…
should only be implemented where the air traffic services are inadequate for the provision of air traffic control, and the limited advice on collision hazards otherwise provided by flight information service will not meet the requirement. Where air traffic advisory service is implemented, this should be considered normally as a temporary measure only until such time as it can be replaced by air traffic control service.
Air traffic advisory service
To facilitate the provision of alerting and search and rescue services, an aircraft, prior to and when
operating within or into designated areas or along designated routes, shall comply with the
provisions detailed in the Rules of the Air concerning the submission, completion, changing and
closing of a flight plan.
Alerting Service
Aircraft equipped with two-way radio communication shall report during the period of __ to __ minutes following the time of last contact, whatever the purpose of such contact, merely to
indicate that the flights is progressing according to plan. Such report to compromise identification of the aircraft.
20 to 40
The _________ message shall be transmitted air ground to an appropriate air traffic services units (ex. Normally to the aeronautical telecommunication station serving the air traffic services units in charge of the FIR in which the aircraft is flying, otherwise to another aeronautical telecommunication station to be transmitted as requires to the air traffic services unit in charge of the FIR)
operations normal
When alerting service is required in respect of flight operated through more than one FIR or control area, and when the position of the aircraft is in doubt, responsibility for coordinating such service shall rest with the ATS unit of the FIR or control area:
❖ Within which the aircraft was flying at the time of last air ground radio contact.
❖ That the aircraft was about to enter when last air ground contact was established at or close
to the boundary of two FIRs or control areas.
When alerting service is required in respect of flight operated through more than one FIR or control
area, and when the position of the aircraft is in doubt, responsibility for coordinating such service shall rest with the ATS unit of the FIR or control area:
❖ Within which the aircraft intermediate stop or final destination point is located.
1. If the aircraft was not equipped with suitable two way radio communication
equipment.
2. Was not under obligation to transmit position reports.
Notify units providing alerting service in other affected FIRs or control areas of the emergency phase or phases, in addition to notifying the rescue coordination center associated with.
Responsibilities of Alerting Service
In ______, the Operations Center (OpCen) and Rescue Coordination Center (RCC) were integrated and restructured into ATS (Air Traffic Service) under the Aeronautical Information and Communications Division (AICD).
July 1, 2008
The ____ is part of CAAP’s compliance with the DOTC’s directive, dated August 2, 2001, to establish a public response desk operating on a 24-hour
basis.
ORCC
_____ is equipped with information to be able to answer to queries related to Civil Aviation
Authority of the Philippines (CAAP) operations such as the status of CAAP Airports, navigational
aids, and air traffic control and communications facilities.
ORCC
provides an organized emergency response system for aviation, maritime and related calls for assistance in compliance with ICAO Annex 12 and other international conventions and agreements.
ORCC
The SAR Services is Performed in Co-operation with:
❖ Department of National
Defense (DND)
❖ Office of Civil Defense (NDCC –
National Disaster Coordinating
Council)
❖ Philippine Coast Guard
(DOTC)
❖ Government agencies with SAR or emergency response capabilities.
❖ Non-government organizations structured to response To emergencies.
The _____ responsible for the establishment, organization, and prompt provision of search and rescue service in coordination with other agencies to ensure that assistance is rendered to persons in distress. Such services shall be provided on a 24- hour basis.
Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines
_________ service shall be provided within the Philippine FIR including over those portions of the
high seas or areas of undetermined sovereignty for which responsibility of providing Air Traffic Services
has been delegated to the Philippines.
Search and Rescue
The Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines shall establish the ____________ which shall have supervision and control of aeronautical search and rescue service established and provided in the Philippine FIR; and shall determine from time to time additional areas within the jurisdiction of the Republic of the Philippines, where search and rescue services will be provided.
Philippine Aeronautical Rescue
Coordination Center (PARCC)
________ shall be located close to associated facilities providing Air Traffic Services to keep additional
communication facilities to a minimum, achieved rapid and efficient emergency alert notification and,
effective coordination of SAR operations.
Philippine Aeronautical Rescue
Coordination Center (PARCC)
The _____ shall be staffed 24 hours a day by trained personnel proficient in the use of the language used
for radiotelephony communications.
PARCC
________ may be established when necessary for the efficient execution of SAR operations. This shall be in close cooperation and coordination with the PARCC facility located at the main CAAP offices.
Rescue sub-centers (RSCs)
The Following shall be Designated as Rescue Units of the CAAP
Primary Search and Rescue Unites (SRUs):
- 505th SRG, Philippine Air Force
- PCG Air Group, Philippine Coast Guard
- Naval Air Group, Philippine Fleet-Philippine Navy
- PNP Air Group, Philippine National Police
The Following shall be Designated as Rescue Units of the CAAP
Secondary Rescue Units
- Department Of Health (DOH)
- Philippine National Red Cross (PNRC)
- Department of Social Welfare and
Development (DSWD) - National Disaster Coordinating Council (OCD)
- Department of Interior and Local
Government (DILG)
The Following shall be Designated as Rescue Units of the CAAP
Non – Government Organization
- Airlines and Aviation Organizations
- Shipping and Maritime Agencies
- Radio Stations and Amateur Radio
Groups and Organizations - Private Hospitals
The Units Conducting Search and Rescue Mission Shall be Responsible for Preparing the Survival Supplies to be Airdropped and Color-coded in Accordance with the Following:
❖ Medical and First Aid Supplies – RED
❖ Food and Water – BLUE
❖ Protective clothing and Blankets – YELLOW
❖ Other Supplies – BLACK
❖ Mixed Supplies in the same container or package – MIXED COLORS
include constellations of Earth-orbiting satellites that broadcast their locations in space and time, of networks of ground control stations, and of receivers that calculate ground positions by
trilateration.
Global Navigation Satellite System
(GNSS)
used in all forms of transportation: space stations, aviation, maritime, rail, road and mass transit.
Global Navigation Satellite System
(GNSS)
play a critical role in telecommunications, land surveying, law enforcement, emergency response, precision agriculture, mining, finance, scientific research and so on. They are used to control computer networks, air traffic, power grids and more.
Positioning, navigation and timing (PNT)
defined as a precision runway approach aid based on two radio beams which together provide pilots with both vertical and horizontal guidance during an
approach to land.
Instrument Landing System (ILS)
is an all-weather, precision radio guidance system intended to be installed at large airports to assist aircraft in landing, including ‘blind landings’.
microwave landing system (MLS)
It enables an approaching aircraft to determine when it is aligned with the destination runway and on the correct glide path for a safe landing. It was intended to replace or supplement the instrument landing systems.
Microwave Landing System
(MLS)
used for air navigation. Though older than GPS, it have been a reliable and a common source of navigation information since the 1960s, and they still serve as a useful navigational aid for
many pilots without GPS services.
Very High Frequency (VHF) Omnidirectional Radio Range (VOR)
a radio transmitter at a known location, used as an aviation or marine navigational aid. As the name implies, the signal transmitted does not include inherent directional information, in contrast to other navigational aids such as low frequency radio range,
VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) and TACAN.
Non-Directional Radio Beacon
(NDB)
___ signals follow the curvature of the Earth, so they can be received at much greater distances at lower altitudes, a major advantage over VOR. However, ____ signals are also affected more by atmospheric conditions, mountainous terrain, coastal refraction and electrical storms, particularly at long range
Non-Directional Radio Beacon
(NDB)
defined as a navigation beacon, usually coupled with a VOR beacon, to enable aircraft to measure their position relative to that beacon. Aircraft send out a signal which is sent back after a fixed delay by
the ____ ground equipment. An aircraft can compute its distance to the beacon from the delay of the signal perceived by the aircraft’s ____ equipment using the speed of light.
Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)
A radiodetermination system based on the comparison of reference signals with radio signals reflected, or retransmitted, from the position to be determined.
RAdio Detection And Ranging
not typically used to communicate or transmit information. It is used to collect, gather or generate information. It’s a sensor
RADAR
Radar typically uses _______ and extremely sensitive receivers that employ sophisticated processing techniques
very high power transmitters
Frequencies of light are much higher. Some frequencies used by radar have _____
“special properties”
_____ modulate the pulses to obtain better performance and achieve special
effects
Modern radars
Request those units to assist in the search for any useful information pertaining to the aircraft presumed to be in an emergency.
Responsibility of Alerting Service
Collect the information gathered during each phase of the emergency and, after verifying it as necessary, transmit to the rescue coordination center.
Responsibility of Alerting Service
