Finals Flashcards
“we are just a product of a reinforcement of the environment”`
Radical Behaviorism
Skinner did not claim that observable behavior is limited to ______. Private behaviors such as thinking, remembering, and anticipating are all observable by the person experiencing them.
External Events
behavior can be best studied without reference to needs, instincts, or motives.
Scientific Behaviorism
permits a scientist to generalize from a simple learning condition to a more complex one.
Interpretation
two kinds of conditioning
Classical
Operant
Classical Conditioning
Ivan Pavlov
John Watson
a response is drawn out of the organism by a specific, identifiable stimulus.
Classical Conditioning
a neutral stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus a number of times until it produces conditioned response.
Classical Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
B.F. Skinner
a behavior is made more likely to recur when it is immediately reinforced.
Operant Conditioning
reinforcing approximation of the targeted behavior until such time that the organism finally do what we intend them to do.
Shaping
the experimenter or the environment first rewards gross approximations of the behavior, then closer approximations, and finally the desired behavior itself.
Shaping
a response to a similar environment in the absence of previous reinforcements. they react to a new situation in the same manner that they reacted to an earlier one because the two situations possess same identical elements.
Stimulus Generalization
Skinner said “The reinforcement of a response increases the probability of all responses containing the same elements”
Stimulus Generalization
environmental stimuli that are not by nature satisfying but become so because they are associated with such unlearned or primary reinforcers (food, water, sex, or physical comfort)
Conditioned Reinforcers
