Finals Flashcards
1
Q
psychosexual stage of infancy
A
oral
2
Q
psychosocial stage of infancy
A
trust vs mistrust
3
Q
cognitive stage of infancy
A
sensorimotor
4
Q
fear of infancy
A
stranger anxiety
5
Q
play of infancy
A
solitary play
6
Q
point of gratification of infant
A
mouth
7
Q
failure of the oral stage may lead to
A
oral fixation
8
Q
for infancy: at 4-6 months the birth weight will
a. triple
b. the same
c. double
A
c
9
Q
for infancy: at 1 yr old the weight
a. double
b. triple
c. the same
A
b
10
Q
weight gain of the first 6 months of life
A
2 lb/ month
11
Q
weight gain on the next 6 months of life
A
1 lb/ month
12
Q
average weight of 1 yr old boy
A
10 kg
13
Q
average weight of 1 yr old girl
A
9.5 kg
14
Q
t/f: on the 2nd half of first year, height increases by 50% and growth is more apparent on the trunk
A
false.
and during the 1st yr of life, height increases by 50% and growth is more on the trunk.
on the 2nd half of life, more on lengthening of the legs.
15
Q
t/f: the chest circumference evens out with the head circumference at 1-6 month
A
false. 6-12 months
16
Q
heart rate of infant
A
100-120
17
Q
BP of infant elevates from
A
80/40 to 100/60
18
Q
by the end of the year in infancy the brain reaches ____ of the adult size
A
2/3
19
Q
t/f: abdomen of infant remains protuburant
A
true
20
Q
respiration of infant
A
20-30 cpm
21
Q
amylase to digest complex carbohydrates is deficient until the _____ month
A
3rd
22
Q
t/f: lipase to digest fat is increased during the entire infancy
A
false. decreased
23
Q
t/f: at infancy, liver is already mature
A
false. immature
24
Q
extrusion reflex until what month
A
3-4 month
25
this refers to the ability of the child to push food out of the mouth
extrusion reflex
26
immune system is functional at least ___ of age
2 month
27
by the end of the year, infant can already produce these two types of antibodies
IgG, IgM
28
by ___ month, they can already regulate thermoregulation
6 months
29
first baby tooth erupt at __ month
6
30
infant body movement is still uncoordinated: t/f:
true
31
ability to move and control the body
motor development
32
ability to accomplish and control large body parts
gross motor
33
ability to accomplish and control smaller muscles and tested by observing the prehensile ability
fine motor
34
ability to coordinate hand movement
prehensile ability
35
4 gross motor for infant
1. ventral suspension position
2. prone position
3. sitting position
4. standing position
36
this measures the strength of the trunk and neck while lifting the baby in a prone position
ventral suspension position
37
refers to when the child is supported horizontally in the prone position, the head rises and the back arches. can be seen at 3 month old babies
landau reflex
38
relflex that refers when a baby senses that they’re about to fall, their arms reflexively extend to break the fall. stars at 6-9 month old babies
parachute reflex
39
gross motor that assess the childs ability to turn their head to side of position where there breathing is impaired
prone position
40
___ month- no more head lag
4 months
41
___ month- can sit w/o support
8 months
42
at __ months, can stand up while holding into a furniture
9 months
43
this refers to moving around the crib or the room while holding an object which can be observe at the 11th-month child
cruising
44
this refers to the flexion of the fingers of the baby when being touched
palmar grasp
45
___ month old- reach random objects in front of them
3
46
___ month: can transfer a toy from one hand to the other
7
47
___ month: can accept object handed to them
5
48
4 fine motor milestone of infant
1. palmar grasp
2. transfer obj hand to hand
3. holds cup and spoon
4. pincer grasp
49
___ month: pincer grasp but cannot release them yet
10 month
50
this refers to playing by themselves and using their own body
solitary play
51
this refers to the exploration of the infant by mouthing objects or fingering them
primary circular reactions
52
10 month old infants are definitely aware that an object that is out of sight still exist, this refers to
object permanence
53
this is an acceptable alternative for breastmilk
iron-fortified commercial formula
54
solid foods can be introduced at
4-6 month
55
t/f: first solid food must not be strained, pureed, or mashed
false. must be
56
finger foods are introduce at what month
6-8 month
57
chopped foods or commercially prepared food must be introduce start at
9-12 months
58
this is the process of transition from breastfeeding/ formula to other methods of nourishment
weaning
59
sucking reflex diminished around
6-9 months
60
t/f: always hold infant when feeding and never prop bottle when feeding
true
61
6 common health-related problems of infants
constipation, diarrhea, colic, lactose intolerance, diaper dermatitis, spitting up
62
inability to tolerate lactose this is due to the absence of lactase that breakdown the lactose
lactose intolerance
63
paroxysmal abdominal pain or cramping, which is common at the age of 3 months. this is associated with excessive swallowing of air, too rapid feeding, or overfeeding.
colic
64
normal spitting of milk for infant
2-3 x a day
65
if there is projective spitting up or vomiting suspect for ____
pyloric stenosis
66
infant parental concerns 6
teething, use of pacifier, baby-bottle syndrome, head banging, sleep problems and thumb sucking
67
medication that can be given when an infant is teething
acetaminophen 10-15 mg / every 4 hrs
68
rhythmic banging of the heads against the bar of the crib for a period of time before sleeping to relax and fall asleep
head banging
69
t/f: breastfeed baby tend to be more awake than formula fed babies
true
70
decay of the teeth when liquid from a propped bottle continuously soaks the teeth
baby bottle sydrome
71
psychosexual stage of toddler
anal
72
psychosocial stage of toddler
autonomy vs shame and doubt
73
cognitive stage of toddler
sensorimotor (tertiary) and pre operational thought
74
moral stage of toddler
pre conventional stage: punishment vs obedience
75
fear of toddler
separation anxiety
76
play of toddler
parallel play
77
stage of toiler training and potty training
toddler stage
78
this is a result from demanding and controlling parenting
anal retentive
79
a result from indulgent parenting which concludes a messy and carless child, lasks personal responsibility and do not show self control
anal expulsive
80
realize that they are separate individuals and they do not always have to do what other wants them to
autonomy
81
t/f: toddlers are referred to as "little scientist" as they try to have interest in discovering new things
true
82
this refers to changing the situation to fit their though
assimilation
83
weight gain of toddler
2.5 kg
84
height increaseof toddler
5 inches
85
t/f: appetite increase in toddler
false. decrease
86
heart rate of toddler slows down to
90-100
87
bp of toddler increases to
99/64
88
t/f: brain of toddler develops up to 85% of the adult size
false. 90%
89
when does anterior fontanelle close
12-18 months
90
at 2 yars of age: __ new teeth.
8 (4 canines ug 4 molars)
91
t/f: at 2 and half, to 3, 20 deciduous teeth are complete
true
92
repetitive, rigid, stereotyped pattern of behavior
ritualistic behavior
93
6 parental concerns in toddler
dawdling, tempter tantrums, toiler training, negativism, ritualistic behavior, and discipline
94
t/f: physical maturation is not required when training for toilet
false. required ang physical maturation
95
this refers to the actions to express what they want, but do not know how to express it in a more socially acceptable way other than kicking, screaming, stomping feet, shouting and etc
tempter tantrums
96
t/f: temper tantrums is a way of relieving anxiety
false: ritualistic behavior
97
this refers to moving at their own slowed pace
dawdling
98
this means setting rules so they will know what is expected of them
discipline
99
a consequence that results from a breakdown of discipline
punishment
100
t/f: parents should be encourage to promote healthy development of indepence in toddler
true
101
t/f: physiologic anorexia in toddler is not normal
false. normal lang
102
this refers to playing alongside with other children, BUT not with them
parallel play
103
stages of sepanx 3
protest, despair, detachment/denial
104
prolonged crying, consoled by no one but the parent or usual caregiver, continually ask to go home
protest
105
refers to stage of sepanx, where child begins to have decreased appetite, alteration in sleep pattern, diminished play, unresponsive
despair
106
stage of sepanx where child loss its interest in the environment and may ignore parents
detachment/ denial
107
psychosocial of preschool
initiative vs guilt
108
fear of rpreshool
mutilation, dark and abandonment
109
play of preschool
associative and cooperative
110
weight gain of preschool
2kg
111
height gain of preschool
6-8 cm
112
fav word of pre schhool
why
113
t/f: sibling rivalry at toddler is common
false. at preschool
114
possessive sexual desires for their opposite-sex parent while viewing their same-sex parent as a rival, applies in male
eodipal complex
115
possessive sexual desires for their opposite-sex parent while viewing their same-sex parent as a rival, applies on female
electra complex
116
length at birth is doubled at ___ y old
4
117
learns to do things and does things that are DESIRABLE
initiative
118
child learns sexual identity though awareness of the genital area at the age of 3-6
phallic stage
119
t/f: preschool feel that they are always right
true
120
t/f: 5 yrs old, argues a lot and aware of roles in the group
false. 4 yrs old
121
refers to stretching stories to make them more interesting
telling tall lies
122
t/f: imaginary friends are normal as long as they do not take center stage in children's mind
true
123
this is a result of heightened and vivid imagination
fear of dark
124
refers to reverting to behaviors, previously outgrown
regression
125
repetition or prolongation of sounds, syllables, and words, often referred to as secondary stuttering
broken fluency
126
fear of school age
school phobia
127
cognitive stage of school age
concrete operational thought
128
annual growth of school age
1.3- 2.2 kg
129
annual height growth of school age
2.5- 5 cm
130
by __ of age, brain growth is complete
10 yrs
131
onset of puberty
10-14
132
t/f: girls are usually taller by 2 inches than boys in school age
true
133
___ y old. more graceful, can ride a bicycle well and enjoy sports
8
134
__ y old. can read regular sized fonts well, can write cursive
8
135
__ y old. perfecting athletics skills
10
136
libido is inactive at this stage, and more diverted in interacting with other people
latency stage
137
this refers to learning how to do things well
industry
138
feeling that they cannot do things well that they can actually do
inferiority
139
__ yr old. enjoys privacy
10
140
___ yr. old plays in groups. prefer 1 to 1 when tired
6
141
___ yr old. values peer groups seriously
9
142
games with rules to increase mental ability and athletic competitions to increase motor ability
competitive play
143
__ yr old. can tell hours and months
7
144
___ yr old. like to tell dirty jokes and often cussed to express anger.
9
145
t/f: school age has the ability to trust others with a sense of respect for their own
true
146
t/f: school age concentrate on niceness and fairness
true
147
t/f: school age can already see the highest level of moral reasoning
false. cannot
148
common hazard in school age
sexual abuse
149
return to an empty home after school and often left at home with no supervision which may develop accidents, delinquency, drugs d/t lack of adult supervision
latchkey children
150
punishment are avoided and withdrawal of priviledge is used of
discipline (school age)
151
occurs when the child is gaining an appreciation for money and material thing
stealing / dishonesty behavior
152
progressive, destructive lesions, or decalcification of the tooth enamel and dentin
dental carries
153
deviation from the normal alignment of the teeth
malocclusion
154
t/f: sex education should be incorporated into health education
true
155
t/f: anxiety at beginning of school, u should spend time with child after school and make them feel secure and does not feel pushed out by being sent to school
true
156
fear of attending school which may develop physical illness
school phobia
157
biggest task in school age is
learning how to read
158
parents should be able to talk to their children about disaster plans for the family for the major effect of increasing a feeling of safety
injury prevention
159
transition period from childhood to adulthood
adolescent
160
t/f: adolescent is not just about physical changes but about physiological, and psychological changes
true
161
cognitive stage of adolescent
formal operational thought
162
fear of adolescent
fear of replacement/ displacement from friends
163
play of adolescent
games/ athletic activities, competitions, friends are important
164
t/f: boys stop growing 1-3 yrs after adrenarche
f
165
t/f: growth stop with closure of the epiphyseal lines of the long bones
t
166
form after puberty that causes strong odor
apocrine gland
167
psychosocial developemnt of adolescent
identity vs. role confusion
168
t/f: adolescent understands casuality
true
169
adolescent learn who they are and what kind of person they will be by: 4
1. adjusting to new body image
2. seeking emancipation (freedom) from parents
3. choosing vocation (occupation)
4. determining a value system
170
t/f: adolescent consider talk activity as good activity a it allows to sort out attitudes and opinions
true
171
stage at which individual first becomes capable of sexual reproduction
puberty
172
onset of mens
menarche
173
spontanous orgasm that include ejaculation. often called wet dreams
nocturnal emissions
174
growth spurt of male
around 13 yo
175
growth spurt of female
onset of mens, around 10-12
176
growth rate of male
fast
177
growth rate of female
slows down after menarche
178
growth cessation of male
18-20
179
growth cessation of female
1-2 yrs after menachre, 16-17
180
order of sexual maturation in male
6 months late than female
done in 5 years
1. darkening and thinning of scrotum, enlarge scrotum
2. body hair
3. enlarge penis
4. wet dreams
5. spermatogensis
181
order of maturation infemale
6 months early than male
done in 3 yrs
1. breast budding
2. increase size of pelvis
3. body hair
4. menarche
5. ovulation
182
visible sign in male
darkening an thinning of the scrotum and enlargement of scrotum
183
visible sign in female
breast BUDDING
184
rating system for pubertal development
tanner staging
185
budding of breast among females
thelarche
186
awakening of the adrenal glands
adrenarche
187
development of pubic hair
pubarche
188
biological marker of maturity
tanner staging
189
psychosocial of early adulthood
intimacy vs isolation
190
ability to relate well with other people, the opposite sex and with ones own sex to form long lasting relationship
intimacy
191
t/f: men in young adulthood often use ethic of justice and define moral problem as rules and rights
true
192
t/f: women define moral problems in terms of social obligation to not care and to avoid hurt
false. to care
193
psychosocial in middle adul;thood
generativity vs stagnation
194
t/f: middle adulthood fats start to deposit in the abdominal area
true
195
t/f: calcium loss in men is normal during andropause
false. women, menopausal
196
t/f: blood vessels of middle adulthood become thin
false. thicker
197
gradual loss of eyes ability to focus on near obj
presbyopia
198
age related hearing loss
presbycusis
199
t/f: increase GFR in middle adulthood due to loss of nephrons
false. decrease GFR
200
refers to concern for establishing and guiding the next generation
generativity
201
late adulthood psychoscial
ego integrity vs despair
202
t/f: all of us go through life review
true
203
process of structured reminisce may increased the life of satisfaction or self esteem for
late adulthood / older adults
