Finals 1 Flashcards
Disconcerted
adj. Embarrassed; confused
Fastidious
adj. Oversensitive, not easy to please
Reverie
n. Daydream
Monotonous
Adj. Having no variety
Exceedingly
adv. Extremely
Minute
adj. Very small; precise
Chaise
n. Lightweight carriage
Abatement
n. Lessening; diminishment; subsiding
Arrested
V. Stopped
Affability
n. Friendliness; pleasant
Tractable
Adj. Easily managed; docile
Infamous
Adj. Having a bad reputation; Scandalous
Fortnite
N. A period of two weeks
Insufferable
Adj. Unbearable
Sanguine
Adj. Optimistic; Cheerful
Copse
N. ticket of small trees or shrubs
Nuptials
N. Wedding
Diverted
Adj. Amused; entertain
Insipid
Adj. dull; lacking flavor
Sustenance
N. Nourishments; food and drink regarded as a source of strength
Emulation
N. Imitation
Prodigious
adj. Extremely large in number
Expurgations
N. Pl. Removable or material considered objectionable; Deletions
Metaphysical
Adj. Beyond the physical, philosophical; Abstract
Invaluable
Adj. Too valuable to be measured, priceless
Immaterial
Adj. Not relevant; Unimportant
Indiscretion
And. Embarrassing or scandalous act or remark
Demoralizing
Adj. Discouraging
Indecorous
Adj. Improper; In bad taste
Reproachfully
Adj. In a critical or judgmental manner
Alter ego
A person that you have created and usually represents something that you wish that you were
Utilitarian
Adj. Stressing usefulness over beauty
Irretrievably
adv. In a way that cannot change back to a former state; Totally
Vacillating
Adj. Hesitant
Quixotic
Adj. Foolishly idealistic ( Not usually spelled with a lowercase q)
Misanthrope
N. One who hates all people
Precept
N. Rule
Horticulturally
Adv. In a way that relates to plants and gardens
Immersion
N. Plunging into liquid; Baptism
Third-person omniscient point of view
By a narrator outside the action who knows the thoughts and feelings of all the characters
Irony
The contrast between appearances and reality
Satire
Writing that pokes fun at the fault of individuals or groups in order to expose certain failings within people or society
Humor
Quality in writing meant to amuse
Irony in satire are often use to produce this
Direct characterization
Literally element that writers use when they state directly what a character looks like, does, or says
Indirect characterization
Writer suggests information about a character through what the character says or does, what other character say about him or her, and how other characters behave toward him or her
Theme
Central message or insight in a literary work
Socratic method
Learning by asking questions and engaging in dialogue
It is the foundation for discussions, not debates
The goal is to hear everyone’s ideas and gain information that way
The goal is not to be the person with the right answer, nor is it to prove other people wrong
Hearing from others helped deepen your understanding or opinion
Reflective narrative
A type of writing in which an author tells a true story about his or her own life and explores its meaning
Metaphysical poetry
Poetry characterized by analytical and intellectual displays and concern with metaphysical or philosophical issues
Includes references to the philosophy, theology, and signs of it today, incorporated into both love poetry and religious poetry
Conceit
An extended pride in oneself
An extended comparison that links objects or ideas not commonly associated with each other
Paradox
An image or description that appears self contradictory but instead reveals a deeper truth
Irony
A surprising contradiction between what is said and what is meant
Well written reflective narrative elements
- A clear and consistent point of view
- Multidimensional descriptions of key people
- A smooth sequence of events or experiences
- Effective use of dialogue, description, and/or reflection to develop the story
- Precise words to clarify experiences
- A conclusion that follows from and reflects on the events in the narrative
- Varied sentence types and constructions
Clauses
Groups of words that contain verbs and subjects
Sections
Participial phrases
Which contain verb forms off and ending in –ing or -ed
Infinitive phrases
Which usually start with the word ‘to’
Backstory
Is the inclusion of past events that help a reader understand the main event being retold
Flashback
Is a movement backward in time from the chronological time of the narrative
Foreshadowing
Is hinting about what is to come later on in a narrative
Framing device
Is a way of surrounding the main narrative with a secondary narrative, as one writer starts in the present, looks back in time, and then returns to the present to comment on the past
Hyperbole
An exaggeration that demonstrates through its excess something absurd about the situation, such as a house that is the size of a mountain
Understatement
The opposite of hyper bole, deliberately minimizing rather than maximizing, such as calling the $500 dinner check modest
Irony
Contradiction between expectation and outcome, appearance and reality or meaning and intention
Allegory
A literary work with both a literal meaning and a symbolic meaning
In it, the characters, plot elements, and details of setting represent abstract ideas or qualities
Caricature
A form of exaggeration; Visual exaggeration of a persons features
Parody
Exaggerated copy of a person, song, film, etc.
Figurative language
Similes, metaphors, other comparisons and nonliteral language in general
Verbal irony
Wave emphasizing folly(stupidity) or advice by deliberately describing it in a way that is different to the actual meaning
Dramatic irony
When the words or acts of a character carry a meaning of unperceived by himself but understood by the audience
Socratic irony
Feigning ignorance to achieve some advantage over an opponent
How Socrates pretended ignorance of a subject to draw knowledge out of his students by question and answer device
Situational irony
Depends on discrepancy between purpose and results
(E.g. A practical joke that backfires)
Travesty
Presents a serious (often religious) subject frivolously(lightly), reducing everything to its lowest level.
Farce
Receives exciting laughter through exaggerative, and probable situations usually contains low comedy
( Quarreling, fighting, course with horseplay, noisy singing, boisterous conduct, trickery, clownishness, drunkenness, slapstick)
Invective
Harsh, abusive language directed against a person or cause
Invective Is a vehicle, a tool of anger
Invective is the bitterest of all satire
Sarcasm
Heard as a sharply mocking or contemptuous remark
The term came from the Greek word “sarkazein” which means “to tear flesh”
Knaves and fools
Can be seen in comedy where there are no villains and no innocent victims. Instead, there are rogues (knaves) and suckers (fools).
Fools lie because they don’t know the truth, knaves lie because they intend to mislead
Malapropism
Is a deliberate mispronunciation of a name or term with the intent of poking fun
Four basic conditions for a good satire
- A degree of free speech
- The educated people in the society must be involved or at least interested in political affairs
- The writers must feel that they have some influence in political affairs
- There must be a wide audience that enjoys wit, imagination, and literature
Drama
Writing meant to be performed by actors playing characters
Consist of dialogue and stage directions
Dialogue
The characters speak
Stage directions
Give instructions to those putting on the play
Staging
The actual presentation
Includes acting, directing, costumes, make up, scenery, movable objects called props, lighting and other visual effects, music, and sound effects
Paradox
Seemingly absurd or self contradictory statement or proposition that when investigated or explained may prove to be well-founded or true
Ex. I can resist anything but temptation
Euphemism
A mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing
Ex. My great grandfather passed away last week
Pun
A joke exploiting the different possible meanings of a word or a fact that there are words which sound alike but have different meanings
Ex. Two antennas met on a roof, fell in love and got married. The ceremony wasn’t much, but the reception was brilliant!
Epigram
A pithy saying or remark expressing an idea in a clever and amusing way
Ex. Mankind must put an end to war, or war will put an end to mankind
Alacrity
N. Eager willingness
Equanimity
N. Calmness; balance; Composure
Arduous
Adj. Difficult to do
Effrontery
N. Unashamed boldness; Impudence; Nerves
Credulity
N. Tendency to believe too easily; gullibility
Insuperable
Adj. Not able to be overcome or surpassed; insurmountable
Morbidity
N. The condition of suffering from a disease or medical condition
Mercenary
Adj. Done for money only
Secular
Adj. Not related to the Church; Not sacred; worldy
Earnest
Adj. Sincere; Serious and intense in one’s feelings or actions
