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SciTech > Finalè > Flashcards

Finalè Flashcards

1
Q

Specific Issues in STS

A
  1. Information Age
  2. Gene Therapy vs. Stem Cell Therapy and The Role of
    Genes in Heredity
    3 Biodiversity and Healthy Society
  3. The Nano World
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2
Q

is characterized by the rapid
shift from the traditional industry.

It begun around the 1970’s up to present.

A

Information Age

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3
Q

Information Age is also known as:

A

as the computer age, digital age, and
the new media age

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4
Q

Historical Development

A

Pre-mechanical
period (3000 BC-
1450 AD)

Mechanical
period
(1450-1840)

Electromechanical
era (1840-
1940)

Electronic/
Information
age (1940-
present)

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5
Q

What do Humans used to start communicating with
one another

A

Rocks

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6
Q

They started to write these as
substitutes for pictures to depict ideas, objects, and animals - gave rise to our modern-day ALPHABET.

A

Symbols

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7
Q

• Humans started communicating with one another in rocks.
• They started to write symbols as
substitutes for pictures to depict ideas, objects, and animals - gave rise to our modern-day alphabet.

A

Pre-mechanical period

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8
Q

The interest in automating and
speeding up numerical calculations
grew.
• The machines driven by mechanical means such as steam and
gears dominated information
processing and calculation.

A

Mechanical Period

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9
Q

A practical automatic (programmable) loom
which weave patterns into cloth, controlled by
a linked sequence of punched cards

A

Joseph Marie Jacquard’s loom

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10
Q

He contributed to the invention of a singlewire telegraph
system

A

Samuel Morse

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11
Q

Who created the Morse Code?

A

Samuel Morse

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12
Q

The beginning of telecommunication
• The telegraph was created in the early 1800s.
• Morse code was created by Samuel Morse in
1835

A

Electro-Mechanical Era

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12
Q

The beginning of telecommunication
• The telegraph was created in the early 1800s.
• Morse code was created by Samuel Morse in
1835

A

Electro-Mechanical Era

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13
Q

is a method used in telecommunication
to encode
text
characters as standardized sequences of
two different signal durations, called DOTS
AND DASHES.

A

Morse code

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14
Q

A period when you can ACCESS TO and the CONTROL OF
information is the defining
characteristic of this current era

A

Electronic / Information Age

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15
Q

Examples of the basic characteristics of the information age:

A

Network
Internet of things
Mobility
Knowledge and research

Long tail
Misinformation and Disinformation
Knowledge economy
Productivity
Leisure

Imagination age

Globalization
Culture change
Digital dependency
Information security

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16
Q

Pioneers of the Information Age

A

Blaise Pascal
Alexander Graham Bell
Steve Jobs
Bill Gates
Claude Shannon

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17
Q

pioneering work on calculating machines, establishing him as
one of the first two INVENTORS OF THE MECHANICAL CALCULATOR

A

Blaise Pascal

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18
Q

credited with patenting the first
practical TELEPHONE

A

Alexander Graham Bell

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19
Q

pioneer of the PERSONAL COMPUTER REVOLUTION of the 1970s and 1980s, along with his early business partner and fellow APPLE cofounder STEVE WOZNIAK

A

Steve Jobs

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20
Q

major entrepreneur of the MICROCOMPUTER REVOLUTION of the 1970s and 1980s, widely known as the co-founder of MICROSOFT, along with his late childhood friend PAUL ALLEN

A

Bill Gates

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21
Q

a mathematician, electrical engineer, computer, scientist and cryptographer known as the “FATHER OF INFORMATION THEORY“, worked on codebreaking and secure telecommunications

A

Claude Shannon

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22
Q

An electronic device with a memory that can accept process and store
data according to the programmed set of instructions and produces
vital information out of this data.

A

Computer

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23
Q

Early computers can be connected to a local or
national networks through a device called

A

Modem

24
Q

is a COMPUTER HARDWARE DEVICE that converts data from a digital format into a format suitable for an analog
transmission medium such as telephone or radio.

A

MOdulator-DEModulator or modem

25
Q

How do Modem works?

A

It starts with Internet then Modem then Router then to the clients: phone, computer, laptop

26
Q

Developed in 1970’s - emerged as an academic
research project in 1969
 During its earliest application, it was mainly used by
the scientists to communicate with other scientists
and/or their collaborators.

A

Internet

27
Q

Provided convenience of internet things

A

 Easier access to
information
 easier avenue to
avail products and
services

28
Q

the internet users with the computing device, like a laptop that
is directly connected to
the internet

A

Clients

29
Q

large computers
that have all the websites
in their storages.

A

Servers

30
Q

WHEN YOU TYPE IN A WEB ADDRESS INTO YOUR BROWSER…

A

Step 1: Your PC or device is connected to the web through a modem or router which allow
you to connect to other networks around the globe

Step 2: Type in a web address, known as a URL (Uniform Resource Locator)

Step 3: Your query is pushed to your ISP which connects to several servers which store and
send data

Step 4: Your browser sends a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) request to the target
server to send a copy of the website to the client

Step 5: The server then approves request and sends website files to the browser in the
form of data packets.

Step 6: As your browser reassembles the data packets, the website loads allowing you to
learn, shop, browse, and engage

31
Q

Your ______ enables multiple computers to join the same network while a _____ connects to your __________which PROVIDES you with the INTERNET.

A

router
modem
ISP (Internet Service Provider)

32
Q

ISP

A

Internet Service Provider

33
Q

URL

A

Uniform Resource Locator

34
Q

DNS

A

Domain Name System

35
Q

IP address

A

Internet Protocol

36
Q

HTTP

A

Hypertext Transfer Protocol

37
Q

is an addressing scheme
that enables browsers (such
as Microsoft Internet Explorer,
Firefox, Google Chrome, Etc.)
to access various resources on
the Internet.

A

URL (Uniform Resource Locator

38
Q

By typing the ____ of a
resource into your browser,
the browser can find and
download the requested file
at this address

A

URL

39
Q

The browser looks up the _______ for the domain name you typed into your search engine through ____

A

IP address
DNS

40
Q

a protocol within the set of
standards for how computers exchange data on the internet and on many private networks

A

Domain Name System (DNS)

41
Q

is a concept like a phone book for the internet

A

DNS

42
Q

is the set of rules for transferring files – such as text, images, sound, video and other multimedia
files over the web.

A

HTTP

43
Q

• The ISP sends a fiber internet signal
(radio waves) to a satellite in
space. The internet signal then comes to you and is captured by your _______.

A

Satellite dish

44
Q

Types of internet

A

Satellite
Cable

45
Q

•The ISP sends a data signal
through the ______ into your
home—specifically,
to
your
modem.

A

Cable

46
Q

The modem then uses an
__________ to connect to your
computer or router, which is what
gives you access to high-speed
internet

A

Ethernet cable

47
Q

*It has almost 100% availability
*Does not require physical connections
*Primarily offers connection in rural or off-grid areas.
*But it does have data caps, high
latency, and can be expensive
compared to other internet types

A

Satellite

48
Q

*Much faster than satellite. (It is
already on Earth.)
* Less availability - there are some
parts of the country (especially in
deep rural areas) that don’t have
good cable internet due to a lack of
infrastructure

A

Cable

49
Q

More reliable connection

A

Cable

50
Q

Satellite advantages and disadvantages

A

Advantages
*Nationwide availability
*Service for RV’s on road
*Included installation

Disadvantages
*More expensive
*Lower maximum speeds

51
Q

Cable advantages and disadvantages

A

Advantages
*Fast speeds
*Wide availability
*Great gaming performance

Disadvantages
*Availability varies by location
*Speeds and prices change across location

52
Q

How many Starlink satellites are currently in orbit?

A

3,000 Starlink
satellites

53
Q

How many submarine cables are on the whole planet?

A

426 submarine cables

54
Q

are clear strands of plastic or glass that is about as thin as a spider’s silk.

A

Fiber optic cables

55
Q

Each fiber is ____________ so it
can transmit light very easily in any
direction

A

clear/transparent

56
Q

to transmit light from one point to
another in a line.

A

Fiber optic communications

57
Q

use ELECTRICITY as the medium of
communication

A

Traditional communication

58
Q

use LIGHT as the medium of
communication

A

Fiber optic communications

SciTech (2 decks)

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