Final Written Exam

Question 1

Serialism

Answer 1

Composition technique that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements

Question 2

Stophastic music

Answer 2

Music that involves chance and probability

Question 3

Neoclassicism

Answer 3

Return to classical musical styles

Order, balance, clarity and emotional restraint

Satie and Stravinsky

Question 4

Second Viennese School

Answer 4

Schoenberg, Berg and Webern

Associated with dodecaphonic music and twelve-tone techniques

Question 5

Metric modulation

Answer 5

Proportionate change in tempo

Carter uses this in his String Quartet No. 2

Question 6

Futurism

Answer 6

Reject tradition
Highly experimental
Prokofiev and Varèse

Question 7

Minimalism

Answer 7

Use of short repeated phrases that change gradually

Clapping music by Reich

Question 8

Multiculturalism

Answer 8

Influences of culture on music
Debussy and Gamelan and non western scales
Example: Bachianas Brasileiras by villa-lobos and Madame Butterfly by Puccini

Question 9

Pick two pieces that use nationalism

Answer 9

• Tan Dun Ghost Opera
• Uses folk songs known in China
• Transmigration of Souls by Adams
• Represents a historical event. Is used to express emotion and depth.

Question 10

Two works that are neoclassics

Answer 10

Wozzeck by Berg (use of motif)

Bachianas Brasileiras (counterpoint)

Question 11

Discuss John Cage’s 4’33”

Answer 11

• Challenges the idea of sound and silence.
• Art should imitate nature.
• Nothing is accomplished from hearing, writing and playing a piece
• Intended and unintended sound

Question 12

Discuss sound mass composition

Answer 12

• Pitch logic, time, sound color and process interact dynamically to create texture.
• Debussy: no harmonic goal and extended parallel chords and texture
• Schoenberg: Harmonic drive and moved away from traditional harmonic progressions
• Ives: rhythmically and melodically independent lines
• Cowell: tone clusters
• Varese: use of large blocks of abstract sound
• Penderecki