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English AP > Final Words > Flashcards

Final Words Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

Ad Hominem

A

Directed against a person rather than the position they are maintaining

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2
Q

Adverbial conjunction

A

Can be used to illustrate a connection between two independent clauses

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3
Q

Red Herring

A

Something that misleads or distracts from a relevant or important question

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4
Q

Strawman Fallacy

A

To exaggerate another person’s argument or point

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5
Q

Analysis

A

A detailed explanation of anything complex in order to understand its nature or to determine its essential feautres

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6
Q

Anecdote

A

A brief story used to illustrate a point or claim

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7
Q

Aristotle’s triangle

A

A diagram that illustrates the interrelationship among the speaker, audience, and subject in determining a text

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8
Q

Automatic ethos

A

Status that automatically brings credibility and trustworthiness to the speaker

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9
Q

Bestowe(?)

A

To present as a gift; give; confer

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10
Q

Bouvier, who is he

A

An American Wall Street Stockbroker and socialite

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11
Q

Circular reasoning

A

A fallacy in which the argument repeats the claim as a way to provide evidence

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12
Q

Claim of fact

A

A claim that asserts that something is true or not true

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13
Q

Claim of value

A

A claim of value argues that something is good or bad, right or wrong

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14
Q

Closed thesis

A

A statement of the main idea of the argument that also previews the major points the writer intends to make

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15
Q

Complex sentence and formulas

A

A sentence that includes one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. D, I

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16
Q

Compound sentence and formulas

A

A sentence that includes at least two independent clauses. IC , CC , IC

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17
Q

Conceding and refuting

A

A sentence or two acknowledging that there could be some truth to the counterargument

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18
Q

Conjunctive Adverbs

A

Connects two independent clause or sentence

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19
Q

Coordinating Conjunction

A

A conjunction placed between words, phrases, clauses, or sentences of equal rank

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20
Q

Deduction

A

A logical process wherein you reach a conclusion by starting with a general principle or universal trust and applying it to a specific case

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21
Q

Definition (argument type)

A

Focuses on clarifying a definition for a controversial term or concept

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22
Q

Ethos

A

Speakers appeal to ethos to demonstrate that they are credible and trustworthy to speak on a given topic

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23
Q

Ethos methods

A

The persuasive technique that appeals to an audience by highlighting credibility

24
Q

Illogical

A

Lacking sense or clear, sound reasoning

25
Q

Induction

A

A logical process wherein you reason from particulars to universals, using specific cases in order to draw a conclusion

26
Q

Infinitive

A

The basic form of a verb. without an inflection binding it to a particular subject or tense

27
Q

Irony

A

A figure of speech that occurs when a character says one thing but means something else

28
Q

Lexicographer

A

An author or editor of a dictionary

29
Q

Logical fallacies

A

Potential vulnerabilities or weaknesses in an argument

30
Q

Logos

A

Speakers appeal to logos by offering clear, rational ideas and using specific details, examples, facts, statistics, or expert testimonies

31
Q

Logos methods

A

Using historical and literal analogies to make a logical argument

32
Q

Open thesis

A

One that does not list all of the points the writer intends to cover in an essay

33
Q

OPTICS

A

The branch of physical science that deals with the properties and phenomena of both visible and invisible light and with vision

34
Q

Paradoxical

A

Seeming impossible or difficult to understand because of containing two opposite facts or characteristics

35
Q

Pathos

A

Speakers appeal to pathos to emotionally motivate their audience

36
Q

Pathos methods

A

To persuade an audience by purposely evoking certain emotions to make them feel the way the author wants them to feel

37
Q

Possession (apostraphe)

A

A punctuation mark that appears as part of a word to show possession

38
Q

Precedent

A

An earlier event or action that is regarded as an example or guide to be considered in subsequence similar circumstances

39
Q

Quantitative evidence

A

Things that can be measured, cited, counted, or otherwise represented in numbers

40
Q

Quotes (How to use them)

A

To mark something that is spoken or, in other words, to designate a direct quote

41
Q

Rhetoric

A

It is the art of finding ways of persuading an audience

42
Q

Rhetorical

A

Used to persuade an audience by emphasising what they find most important or compelling

43
Q

Rhetorical triangle

A

A diagram that illustrates the interrelationship among the speaker, audience, and subject in determining a text

44
Q

Satire

A

The use of irony or sarcasm to critique society or an individual

45
Q

Second-hand evidence

A

Evidence that is accessed through research, reading, and investigation

46
Q

Subordinating conjunction

A

A conjunction that introduces a subordinate clause, e.g., although, because

47
Q

Subordination

A

Placement in a lower class, rank, or position

48
Q

Syllogism

A

A logical structure that uses the major premise and minor premise to reach a necessary conclusion

49
Q

Synthesis

A

To combine two or more ideas in order to create something more complex in support of a new idea

50
Q

Thesis

A

The chief claim that a writer makes in any argumentative place of writing, usually state in one sentence

51
Q

Underline(how and when to use it)

A

Clarify an unfamiliar word
Draw emphasis

52
Q

Visual texts

A

An image

53
Q

Webster, who is he

A

An American lexicographer

54
Q

Worcester, who is he

A

An American missionary to the Cherokee

55
Q

Claim of policy

A

A claim of policy proposes a change

English AP (1 decks)

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