Final Whoop Whoop

Question 1

Mutualism

Answer 1

+,+

Question 2

Commensalism

Answer 2

+,0

Question 3

Competition

Answer 3

-,-

Question 4

parasitism, predation

Answer 4

+,-

Question 5

symbiosims

Answer 5

is when the animals live in direct contact with each other, they can be any anything from mutualism to predation

Question 6

Exploitative competition

Answer 6

is when there is not direct competition and it is more like who gets the resource first

Question 7

Interference competition

Answer 7

is when there is direct competition between two organism

Question 8

intraspecific competition

Answer 8

is when their is competition between two of the same species, leads to self thinning and is density dependent

Question 9

interspecific

Answer 9

is competition among different species, affects the range of the organisms

Question 10

niches (home/work)

Answer 10

what the animal needs for it habitit versus what the animal needs for food, N-dimensional hypervolume is all the resources an animal needs

Question 11

guild

Answer 11

is all the organism that eat the same animal

Question 12

fundamental/ realized

Answer 12

fundamental is how big of an area an organism can fundamentally live in while realized is normally smaller because it has to deal with competition but mutualism may actually make it bigger

Question 13

Competitive exclusion principle

Answer 13

no two organisms will actually share the same niche

Question 14

Characterstic Displacement or the Ghost of Competition Past

Answer 14

Is when species are able to reduce their niche overlap and and their difference are not due to randome genetics, their are 6 criterias, differences are due to genetic variation not environmental placisidity, difference is greater for sympatric than allopatric, no different fonders, morphological difference help with resource extraction, also differences not due to different resources, and their is competition

Question 15

paradox of plankton

Answer 15

there are a lot of different kinds of plankton but they all have the same niche cause they use the same resource, so they may have separate time niches

Question 16

4 LV prediction or competition prediction

Answer 16

when one dominate the other and its obvious, when the other one dominates and it is obvious, meaning the dominate species has a very strong affect on the subordinate species, either species can with and that has it when interspecies is great than interspecies, species co-exist when intraspecies is greater than interspecies

Question 17

Assumptions for L-V model

Answer 17

the k most be constant, coexistants requires it to be stable, there is no migration, competition is the only biological factor and the affects of competition are instentinously

Question 18

geometric growth

Answer 18

when there is non-overlapping generations and maybe distinct breeding season, and the rate of growth is constant, if delta is bigger than one, the population is growing

Question 19

disturbance

Answer 19

is any physical forces that results in the loss of biomass or the death of something, is measured in intesnsity, frequency, and scale

Question 20

resistance

Answer 20

is how much the ecosystem changes after the disturbance

Question 21

resilience

Answer 21

is how quickly the ecosystem changes back to normal after the disturbance

Question 22

alternative stable state

Answer 22

is when an ecosystem stabalizes not at the same state before the disturbance but somewhere inbetween

Question 23

primary succession

Answer 23

has to start when there is no organic matter and can happen after a volcano or glacier or mudslide

Question 24

secondary succession

Answer 24

they can have an intact soil and are like fires sometimes, or hurricanes, insect invasions

Question 25

K versus R for succession

Answer 25

K is more of a secondary succession while R is more for primary succession

Question 26

monoclimax

Answer 26

is when no matter how primary succession start it will always end up as the same ecosystem like in the northwest but not everywhere else

Question 27

type 1 survivorship

Answer 27

when there are few deaths in the beginning and a lot at the end

Question 28

type 2 survivorship

Answer 28

when there is an equal amount of deaths throughout the organism life

Question 29

type 3 survivorship

Answer 29

when there is a lot of deaths at the end of the organism life and few at the beginning

Question 30

fecunidty

Answer 30

is the age at which reproduction occurs

Question 31

cohort

Answer 31

is a way to measure individuals by measuring one generation and then following it throughout its life

Question 32

static

Answer 32

follow the mortality and fecunidty throughout multiple generations

Question 33

survivorship

Answer 33

is the amount of a population that survives over time X

Question 34

intermediate stress hypothesis

Answer 34

Grim predicted that there would be like a hump back affect for when it comes to diversity versus stress aka resource availability, equilibrium mechanism

Question 35

keystone species

Answer 35

animal with relative low biomass but has a huge affect on the food web

Question 36

dominate species

Answer 36

are the organisms that influence in the community is relative to their biomass

Question 37

how keystone species can increase biodiversity

Answer 37

selected predatation and the prey is the competitive dominate ones

Question 38

intermediate disturbance hypothesis

Answer 38

the ecosystems that have an average amount of disturbances will have the highest amount of diversity, was proposed by conelle, non-equilbrium mechanism

Question 39

sousa defined disturbance

Answer 39

is anything that causes killing or damaging of one organism that creates an opportunity for another organism and that is based on frequency and intensity

Question 40

environmental complexity

Answer 40

as the complexity of the environment so does the amount of species

Question 41

ecotones

Answer 41

is different mini ecosystems going through an area like going up a mountain

Question 42

fitness

Answer 42

the contribution an organism makes to the future gene pool

Question 43

plascitity

Answer 43

is the variation that organism with the same genes can have

Question 44

ecotypes

Answer 44

is when there is actually genotype difference that are caused by the differences in the environment

Question 45

positive feedback

Answer 45

when the trend continues, amplifing

Question 46

negative feedback

Answer 46

when the trend starts going the other way, stabalizing

Question 47

accimilation/adaptation

Answer 47

a singel organism can acclimate while a species are the only ones that can adapt

Question 48

convergent evoluntion

Answer 48

when two organism end up having the same characteristic but they dont have the same ancestors

Question 49

albedo

Answer 49

high albedo means white

Question 50

change in body contour

Answer 50

means change in body size

Question 51

things in a heat body equation

Answer 51

solar radiation, infra radiation, conduction, convection, evaporation, metabolism

Question 52

cavitation

Answer 52

is when the cohesion mechanism breaks and then water does not go up the xylem anymore

Question 53

hydrolic lifting

Answer 53

is when roots move water from a lower area to a higher area but not all the way up because the water potential may be so low at the top of the soil

Question 54

absolute vapor pressure defficent

Answer 54

is the difference between saturated vapor pressure and actual humidity, the higher it is the more their is evaporation

Question 55

freshwater/saltwater fish

Answer 55

freshwater fish actively absorb salts, while slt water fish actively secrete salt