Final Vocab Flashcards
a sequence in which the difference of consecutive terms is constant
arithmetic sequence
a line that a graph approaches more and more closely
asymptote
log c a = log b a/log b c
change of base
a round plane figure whose boundary (the circumference) consists of points equidistant from a fixed point (the center).
circle
describes a situation where a variable depends on two (or more) other variables, and varies directly with some of them and varies inversely with others (when the rest of the variables are held constant)
combined variation
the constant difference d between consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence
common difference
a log with a base 10, denoted as log10 or simply by log
common log
the constant ratio r between consecutive terms of a geometric sequence
common ratio
to add a term c to an expression of the form x^2+bx such that x^2+bx+c is a perfect square
completing the square
pairs of complex numbers of the forms a + bi and a-bi where b isn’t 0
complex conjugate
a fraction that contains a fraction in it’s denominator or numerator
complex fraction
a number written in the form a+bi where a and b are real numbers
complex number
an operation that can be preformed with to functions
composition of functions
a sentence with two inequality statements joined either by the word “or” or by the word “and.” “And” indicates that both statements of the compound sentence are true at the same time
compound inequality
a curve obtained as the intersection of the surface of a cone with a plane
conic section
unchanging in nature, standard, or effect over time
constant
the constant a in the inverse variation equation y=a/x where a isn’t 0
constant of variation
all reals
continuous relation
a number r from -1 to 1 that measures how well a line fits a set of data pair
correlation coefficient
the one that depends on the value of some other number
dependent
the dimensions of a matrix with m rows and n columns are m by n
dimensions of a matrix
describes a simple relationship between two variables
direct variation
the expression b^2 - 4ac in the Quadratic formula
discriminant
a plane curve surrounding two focal points, such that for all points on the curve, the sum of the two distances to the focal points is a constant
ellipse
the behavior of the graph of a function as x approaches positive infinity or negative infinity
end behavior
a plane curve surrounding two focal points, such that for all points on the curve, the sum of the two distances to the focal points is a constant
exponential equation
solution that are not solutions of the original equation
extraneous solution
any point at which the value of a function is largest (a maximum) or smallest (a minimum)
extrema
factoring polynomials “completely”
factor theorem
a list of terms in a specific order, following a sequence
finite sequence
a binary relation between two sets that associates to each element of the first set exactly one element of the second set.
function
a sequence in which the ratio of any term to the previous term is constant
geometric sequence
a function that returns a constant value for each specific interval
greatest integer function
a sequence of non-zero numbers where each term after the first is found by multiplying the previous one by a fixed, non-zero number called the common ratio
growth sequence
an open curve with two branches, the intersection of a plane with both halves of a double cone
hyperbola
a function that always returns the same value that was used as its argument
identity function
i
imaginary unit
no solution
inconsistent
variable that represents a quantity that is being manipulated in an experiment
independent
a list or string of discrete objects, usually numbers, that can be paired off one-to-one with the set of positive integer s
infinite sequence
a way to describe continuous sets of real numbers by the numbers that bound them
interval notation
functions that undo each other
inverse function
the set of ordered pairs obtained by interchanging the first and second elements of each pair in the original function
inverse relation
x and y when y=a/x
inverse variation
one variable depends on two (or more) other variables, and varies directly as each of them when the others are held constant
joint variation
the chord through the focus, and parallel to the directrix
latus rectum
a method to achieve the best outcome in a mathematical model whose requirements are represented by linear relationships.
linear programming
the inverse function to exponentiation
logarithm
a common s shaped curve in a log model
logistic growth model
a rectangular arrangement of numbers
matrix
for an integer h greater than 1 if b^n =a then b is the nth root of a
nth root
a log with base e denoted by log e or ln
natural log
the base is on the wrong side of the fraction line, so you need to flip the base to the other side
negative exponent
the graph of a quadratic function
parabola
the most basic function in a group of functions
parent function
a function defined by two or more functions
piece-wise defined function
the equation of a straight line in the form y − y1 = m(x − x1) where m is the slope of the line and (x1, y1) are the coordinates of a given point on the line
point slope form
a function that can be written in the form f(x)= a(x-h)^2+k
quadratic function
The value inside the radical symbol
radicand
a rate that describes how one quantity changes in relation to another quantity.
rate of change
the power to which the radicand is raised becomes the numerator and the root becomes the denominator
rational exponent
a function that contains radical expression with the independent variable in the radicand
rational function
to eliminate any radical expressions in the denominator such as square roots and cube roots
rationalizing the denominator
defines each term of a sequence using preceding term(s)
recursive formula
a line that best describes the behavior of a set of data
regression line
a point that is higher than the points directly beside it on both sides
relative maximum
a point that is lower than the points directly beside it on both sides
relative minimum
a solution of an equation
root
a set of data graphed as an ordered pairs in a coordinate
scatter plot
an ordered list of numbers
sequence
uses symbols to define a set, in terms of properties of the members of the set
set builder notation
a piece-wise function defined by a constant value over each part of its domain
step function
a shortcut method to divide a polynomial by a binomial
synthetic division
a quadratic function written in the form f(x)=a(x-h)^2+k
vertex form
a method that is used to determine whether a given relation is a function or not
vertical line test
any x-value of a function of f for which f(x)=0
zeros
