Final textbook definitions

Question 1

Gender typing

Answer 1

Process by which children come to understand their own gender and gender relevant information

Question 2

Gender Role standards

Answer 2

traits and chars. associated w either gender

Question 3

expressive vs instrumental role

Answer 3

females, compassion ect

males, dominance and success

Question 4

Gender identity

Answer 4

Our awareness of our gender and its implications

Question 5

Testicular fem. syndrome, congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Answer 5

1 = boys not responsive to androgens, 
2 = girls androgen increase, male gen.

Question 6

Timing of puberty effect

Answer 6

later puberty begets higher spacial reasoning performance

Question 7

Basic gender identity

Answer 7

First label as male or female

Question 8

Gender stability

Answer 8

understanding of the constancy of gender

Question 9

Gender schema

Answer 9

Organized set of beliefs and attitudes pertaining to the genders

Question 10

in-group/out-group schema

Answer 10

General knowledge of mannerisms

Question 11

Own-sex schema

Answer 11

u kno

Question 12

Moral vs socio-conventional rules

Answer 12

bad vs abnormal

Question 13

self-oriented distress

Answer 13

Feeling of discomfort elicited when we empathize w a distressed other - thought to inhibit altruism

Question 14

Mutually responsive relationship

Answer 14

parent child relationships. mutual responsiveness to each others needs and goalss

Question 15

committed vs situational compliance

Answer 15

u know

Question 16

love withdrawal, power assertion and induction

Answer 16

1. remove affection for pun
2. demonstrate dominance
3. explaining why its wrong to do something

Question 17

Heteronomous morality

Answer 17

first stage of moral dev (Piaget), kids see authority rules as unchanging and sacred

Question 18

immanent justice

Answer 18

belief in heteronomous morality stage that poor behaviours will always be punished

Question 19

expiatory vs reciprocal

Answer 19

• punishment for its own sake, no compliance to why the pun is being administered
• tailor punitive consequences to the crime

Question 20

autonomous morality

Answer 20

Rules as arbitrary agreements that can be altered by consenting alterations

Question 21

Inequity aversion

Answer 21

The preference for treating others equally and fairly, resistance to incidental inequalities

Question 22

Memory span vs span of apprehension

Answer 22

1. measure of the amount of info that can be help in the Sts

2. measure of the ammount of info that can be recalled without any active recall

Question 23

Domain specificity

Answer 23

specialized learning mechanisms

Question 24

Strategic Memory

Answer 24

Process involved in actively attempting to retain or retrieve memories.
Mneumonics ect

Question 25

Production vs utilization deficiencies

Answer 25

u know

Question 26

transfer utilization deficiencies

Answer 26

Inability to set shift due to the lack of cog. resources

Question 27

Adaptive strategy choice model

Answer 27

strategies compete for use in children, change as they age

Question 28

Implicit vs explicit cognition

Answer 28

unconscious vs conscious, active vs spontaneous, ect

Question 29

Fuzzy-trace theory

Disintegration

Answer 29

gist and verbatim memory stores

-disintegration is the loss of the two and their association

Question 30

Script

Answer 30

General representation of event sequencing

Question 31

Broca vs Wernicke

Answer 31

Broca prod, wernicke understand

Question 32

Expansions and recasts

Answer 32

exp= responding to incorrect gram. w a corrected sentence
recast= exp, but non repetetive

Question 33

Multi Modal motherese

Answer 33

motherese, plus intentional pointing or signalling

Question 34

Referencial vs expressive style

Answer 34

ref = using language to label objects
exp = using lang to express internal states

Question 35

Fast mapping

Answer 35

Linking a word to its meaning n one or two exposures

Question 36

4 reference constraints

Answer 36

1. mutual exclusivity
2. lexical contrast
3. object scope
4. taxanomic

Question 37

Referential communication skills

Answer 37

clear ability to communicate grammatically, notice gram irregularities

Question 38

Synchronized motives

Answer 38

adjust behaviour in response to others needs (attachment)

Question 39

Imprinting

Answer 39

some species, young follow any moving objects and dev attachment to it, is automatic, only in a critical period, and irreversible

Question 40

Caregiving hypothesis

Answer 40

law of excluded middle

Question 41

Temperament hypothesis

Answer 41

temp yields attachment types

Question 42

personal agency

Answer 42

understanding of volitionally impact

Question 43

self-concept

Answer 43

reception of ones unique traits and attributes

Question 44

present self

Answer 44

2-3 yrs understand present self, not any past or future relations to the concept

Question 45

Proprioceptive feedback

Answer 45

feedback from body to locate it in space

Question 46

Identity

Answer 46

Sense of who were are, where were going in life and how we fit into society

Question 47

Self-esteem

Answer 47

Evaluation of ones worth as a person based on the assessment of the qualities that make up the self concept

Question 48

Achievement vs mastery orientation, 3 phases

Answer 48

u kno

1. joy in mastery
2. outsourcing for approval
3. internalization of standards

Question 49

Intrinsic attachment orientation

Answer 49

Desire to achieve in order to satisfy our personal desire for competency

Question 50

Achievement attributions vs expectancies

Answer 50

to what we attribute our achievements, and how we expect to perfom

Question 51

Incremental vs entity mindset, other name and concept

Answer 51

1. Growth mindset, ab = alterable through effort

2. fixed mindet - ability is fixed, effort can change

Question 52

Mastery or vs learned helplessness

Answer 52

Person vs perfomance praise