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Fabric Science Exam > Final Test > Flashcards

Final Test Flashcards

1
Q

how much Textiles is used in clothing

A

35%

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2
Q

International Trade

A

China, Middle East, Italy , Americas – cotton trade

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3
Q

Apparel

A

35% of the market

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4
Q

Textiles for Interiors

A

30%

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5
Q

The Major Textile Production Segments are

A

Fiber, Yarns, Fabrics, Dyeing, Printing, Finishing

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6
Q

what is a Fibers

A

Small, hairlike part of the fabric

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7
Q

natural fibers are

A

Natural – cotton and wool

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8
Q

Manufactured fibers are

A

acrylic, nylon, and polyester

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9
Q

Yarns

A
  • Most textiles contain yarns
  • Threadlike strands of fibers twisted together
  • Various types of yarn
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10
Q

Fabrics

A
  • Made from woven or knitted yarns

* Mills are companies that make fabric

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11
Q

Dyeing and Printing

A
  • Imparting solid color to textiles
  • Imparting designs to textiles
  • Dots, florals, stripes
  • Operations performed in dye plants
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12
Q

Finishes

A
  • Additional treatments
  • Examples: water-repellant or flannel surface
  • Makes items like blouses, backpacks, comforters
  • Finishing plants often part of dye plants or print plants
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13
Q

what does the term Put-up mean

A

indicates fabric packaging

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14
Q

what does the term Shorts

A

fabric shorter than 40 yards

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15
Q

what does the term Remnants

A

1 to 10-yard pieces

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16
Q

what does the term Pound goods

A

pieces less than one yard

• Sold by the pound

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17
Q

Primary Sources of Fabrics

A

Mills, Converters, Importers

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18
Q

what is a Mill

A
  • Company that owns textile machinery and makes fabric
  • Large textile mills are vertically integrated
  • Mills sell finished fabrics to various customers
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19
Q

what is a Converters

A
  • Buys greige (unfinished) goods to have dyed or finished
  • Smaller than mills
  • Sell finished fabric to the same customers as mills
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20
Q

what are a importers

A
  • Direct – buys foreign fabric or manufactured textile products
  • Import mill – a foreign company that makes fabric (or yarn) to export
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21
Q

what are Secondary Sources of Fabrics

A

Jobbers
• Retail Stores
• Overseas Agents

22
Q

Retail Stores

A
  • Sell to home sewers

* Large variety of fabrics with small inventory of each

23
Q

Overseas Agents

A
  • Sell to home sewers

* Large variety of fabrics with small inventory of each

24
Q

what are Private Label

A

specifically manufactured goods to be and sold exclusively by retailer

25
Q

what are Exclusive Brands

A

national brand distributed by one retailer

26
Q

what are Spun yarns

A

– short lengths of fiber twisted together so that they hold together

27
Q

what are filament yarns

A

– continuous strands of fiber

28
Q

how to Identifying Spun and Filament Yarns

A

Yarns can be identified by un twisting

29
Q

Identifying Spun

A

Spun yarns are identified by untwisting the yarn

• Spun yarns with longer fibers are stronger and more uniform

30
Q

Identifying filament yarn

A

Filament yarns are made of fibers or silk

• Manufactured yarns are made and marketed by chemical fiber producers

31
Q

Yarn smoothness and luster

A

Filaments yarns more smoother and lustrous than spun yarns

32
Q

Yarn uniformity

A

Filaments yarns are more uniform

33
Q

Yarn strength

A

Filament yarns are stronger than spun yarns.

34
Q

what do Monofilaments mean

A

one single filament

35
Q

what does Multifilaments mean

A

many filaments

36
Q

Spun yarns fabrics offers

A

warmth, softness, lightweight Ideal for T-shirts, sweaters, and blankets.

37
Q

Filament yarns fabrics offers

A

smooth, finer yarns, lustrous used in linings, dresses, outer shells

38
Q

what does TPI mean

A

(TPI) Turns-per-inch, the amount of twist in a yarn

39
Q

what is a soft twist

A

yarns with a relatively low twist, 2 to 12 TPI

40
Q

what is a hard twist

A

yarns with relatively high TPI

• 20 to 30 TPI

41
Q

what is S-twist yarn

A

spirals run upward to the left

• Direction of diagonal in “S”

42
Q

what is Z-twist yarn

A

spirals run upward to the right

• Direction of diagonal of letter “Z”

43
Q

Two types of wool or wool-blended fabrics

A

Woolens- carded yarns, fuzzier, uneven

• Worsteds- smooth, little fuzz, even

44
Q

what. is Single yarn

A

single if untwisted will come apart

45
Q

what is ply

A

two or more single yarns twisted together

46
Q

what is Yarn Pilling

A

Pilling is something that happens to any item made with yarn (especially wool yarns) whether knitted or crocheted. Over time and with frequent use, the fibers on the outermost surfaces of your yarn will start to lose their bind to each other.

47
Q

Factors in pilling

A

Yarn construction
Type of fiber
Spun yarns pills readily
Filament yarns pills only when filaments breaks.
Soft twist yarn pills more than hard twist yarns

48
Q

what is a blended yarn

A

made of two or more fiber types
Usually done to combine the desirable properties of different fibers.
• Eg cotton polyester blend
• When blending occurs in uniform manner, it is referred as intimate blend

49
Q

what are Mixture

A

fabric composed of two or more different types of yarn

50
Q

Yarn Spinning

A

Staple fibers are spun through many methods
• Most common method is ring spinning
• Ring spinning can make uniform yarns to novelty yarns
• Open-end spinning, a method of producing spun yarns
• OE spun yarns have more uniformity
• OE spun yarns are cheaper and weaker than ring spun yarns

51
Q

what is high and low cotton count

A

Higher the Cotton count , finer the yarn
Lower the Cotton count , Coarser the yarn
• 72 c.c –fine yarns
• 3.5 c.c – Coarse yarns

Fabric Science Exam (1 decks)

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