Final Test

Question 1

how much Textiles is used in clothing

Answer 1

35%

Question 2

International Trade

Answer 2

China, Middle East, Italy , Americas – cotton trade

Question 3

Apparel

Answer 3

35% of the market

Question 4

Textiles for Interiors

Answer 4

30%

Question 5

The Major Textile Production Segments are

Answer 5

Fiber, Yarns, Fabrics, Dyeing, Printing, Finishing

Question 6

what is a Fibers

Answer 6

Small, hairlike part of the fabric

Question 7

natural fibers are

Answer 7

Natural – cotton and wool

Question 8

Manufactured fibers are

Answer 8

acrylic, nylon, and polyester

Question 9

Yarns

Answer 9

• Most textiles contain yarns
• Threadlike strands of fibers twisted together
• Various types of yarn

Question 10

Fabrics

Answer 10

• Made from woven or knitted yarns

* Mills are companies that make fabric

Question 11

Dyeing and Printing

Answer 11

• Imparting solid color to textiles
• Imparting designs to textiles
• Dots, florals, stripes
• Operations performed in dye plants

Question 12

Finishes

Answer 12

• Additional treatments
• Examples: water-repellant or flannel surface
• Makes items like blouses, backpacks, comforters
• Finishing plants often part of dye plants or print plants

Question 13

what does the term Put-up mean

Answer 13

indicates fabric packaging

Question 14

what does the term Shorts

Answer 14

fabric shorter than 40 yards

Question 15

what does the term Remnants

Answer 15

1 to 10-yard pieces

Question 16

what does the term Pound goods

Answer 16

pieces less than one yard

• Sold by the pound

Question 17

Primary Sources of Fabrics

Answer 17

Mills, Converters, Importers

Question 18

what is a Mill

Answer 18

• Company that owns textile machinery and makes fabric
• Large textile mills are vertically integrated
• Mills sell finished fabrics to various customers

Question 19

what is a Converters

Answer 19

• Buys greige (unfinished) goods to have dyed or finished
• Smaller than mills
• Sell finished fabric to the same customers as mills

Question 20

what are a importers

Answer 20

• Direct – buys foreign fabric or manufactured textile products
• Import mill – a foreign company that makes fabric (or yarn) to export

Question 21

what are Secondary Sources of Fabrics

Answer 21

Jobbers
• Retail Stores
• Overseas Agents

Question 22

Retail Stores

Answer 22

• Sell to home sewers

* Large variety of fabrics with small inventory of each

Question 23

Overseas Agents

Answer 23

• Sell to home sewers

* Large variety of fabrics with small inventory of each

Question 24

what are Private Label

Answer 24

specifically manufactured goods to be and sold exclusively by retailer

Question 25

what are Exclusive Brands

Answer 25

national brand distributed by one retailer

Question 26

what are Spun yarns

Answer 26

– short lengths of fiber twisted together so that they hold together

Question 27

what are filament yarns

Answer 27

– continuous strands of fiber

Question 28

how to Identifying Spun and Filament Yarns

Answer 28

Yarns can be identified by un twisting

Question 29

Identifying Spun

Answer 29

Spun yarns are identified by untwisting the yarn | • Spun yarns with longer fibers are stronger and more uniform

Question 30

Identifying filament yarn

Answer 30

Filament yarns are made of fibers or silk | • Manufactured yarns are made and marketed by chemical fiber producers

Question 31

Yarn smoothness and luster

Answer 31

Filaments yarns more smoother and lustrous than spun yarns

Question 32

Yarn uniformity

Answer 32

Filaments yarns are more uniform

Question 33

Yarn strength

Answer 33

Filament yarns are stronger than spun yarns.

Question 34

what do Monofilaments mean

Answer 34

one single filament

Question 35

what does Multifilaments mean

Answer 35

many filaments

Question 36

Spun yarns fabrics offers

Answer 36

warmth, softness, lightweight Ideal for T-shirts, sweaters, and blankets.

Question 37

Filament yarns fabrics offers

Answer 37

smooth, finer yarns, lustrous used in linings, dresses, outer shells

Question 38

what does TPI mean

Answer 38

(TPI) Turns-per-inch, the amount of twist in a yarn

Question 39

what is a soft twist

Answer 39

yarns with a relatively low twist, 2 to 12 TPI

Question 40

what is a hard twist

Answer 40

yarns with relatively high TPI | • 20 to 30 TPI

Question 41

what is S-twist yarn

Answer 41

spirals run upward to the left | • Direction of diagonal in “S”

Question 42

what is Z-twist yarn

Answer 42

spirals run upward to the right | • Direction of diagonal of letter “Z”

Question 43

Two types of wool or wool-blended fabrics

Answer 43

Woolens- carded yarns, fuzzier, uneven | • Worsteds- smooth, little fuzz, even

Question 44

what. is Single yarn

Answer 44

single if untwisted will come apart

Question 45

what is ply

Answer 45

two or more single yarns twisted together

Question 46

what is Yarn Pilling

Answer 46

Pilling is something that happens to any item made with yarn (especially wool yarns) whether knitted or crocheted. Over time and with frequent use, the fibers on the outermost surfaces of your yarn will start to lose their bind to each other.

Question 47

Factors in pilling

Answer 47

Yarn construction Type of fiber Spun yarns pills readily Filament yarns pills only when filaments breaks. Soft twist yarn pills more than hard twist yarns

Question 48

what is a blended yarn

Answer 48

made of two or more fiber types Usually done to combine the desirable properties of different fibers. • Eg cotton polyester blend • When blending occurs in uniform manner, it is referred as intimate blend

Question 49

what are Mixture

Answer 49

fabric composed of two or more different types of yarn

Question 50

Yarn Spinning

Answer 50

Staple fibers are spun through many methods • Most common method is ring spinning • Ring spinning can make uniform yarns to novelty yarns • Open-end spinning, a method of producing spun yarns • OE spun yarns have more uniformity • OE spun yarns are cheaper and weaker than ring spun yarns

Question 51

what is high and low cotton count

Answer 51

Higher the Cotton count , finer the yarn Lower the Cotton count , Coarser the yarn • 72 c.c –fine yarns • 3.5 c.c – Coarse yarns