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Health Assessment Final > Final Test > Flashcards

Final Test Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the Aortic valve:

A

the left semilunar valve separating the left ventricle

and the aorta

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2
Q

Describe the Apex of the heart

A

tip of the heart pointing down toward the 5th

intercostal space

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3
Q

Describe the Apical impulse

A

(PMI) pulsation created as the left ventricle rotates
against the chest wall during systole, normally at the 5th left
intercostal space in the midclavicular line

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4
Q

Describe the Base of the heart

A

broader area of heart’s outline located at the 3rd right and left intercostal space

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5
Q

Describe Cyanosis

A

dusky blue nottling of the skin and mucous membranes

due to excessive amount of reduced hemoglobin in the blood

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6
Q

Describe Diastole

A

the heart’s filling phase

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7
Q

What is Edema

A

swelling of legs or dependent body part due to increased

interstitial fluids

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8
Q

What is Erb’s point

A

traditional auscultatory area in the 3rd left intercostal

space

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9
Q

When does the First heart sound (S1) occur?

A

occurs with the closure of the AV valves

signaling the beginning of systole

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10
Q

Describe the Mitral valve:

A

the left AV valve separating the left atria and ventricle

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11
Q

Describe the Pericardial friction rub

A

high-pitched, scratchy extracardiac

sound heard when the precordium is inflamed

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12
Q

When does the Second heart sound (S2) occur?

A

occurs with the closure of the
semilunar valves, aortic and pulmonic, and signals the end of
systole

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13
Q

Describe systole:

A

the heart’s pumping phase

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14
Q

What is a thrill?

A

palpable vibration on the chest wall accompanying severe

heart murmur

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15
Q

What is the Tricuspid valve?

A

right AV valve separating the right atria and

ventricle

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16
Q

What is the precordium?

A

the area on the anterior chest directly overlying the

heart and great vessels

17
Q

Describe the apical pulse:

A

during contraction, apex beats against the chest wall

  • normal size: 1 x 2 cm
  • increase with anxiety, fever, hyeprthroidism, anemia
18
Q

Describe the pericardium:

A

tough, fibrous, double-walled sac that surrounds

and protects the heart

19
Q

What is the myocardium?

A

muscular wall of the heart, does the pumping

20
Q

What is the endocardium?

A

thin layer of endothelial tissue that lines the inner

surface of the heart chamber and valves

21
Q

Where is the tricuspid valve located?

A

right AV valve

22
Q

Where are the semilunar valves (SL) located?

A

between the ventricles and arteries,

has 3 cusps

23
Q

Where are the pulmonic valves located?

A

SL valves on the right side of the heart

24
Q

Where are the aortic valve located?

A

SL valves on the left side of the heart

25
Q

Describe the S1 heart sound:

A

1st heart sound

  • occurs with closure of AV valves
  • the beginning of systole
  • coincides with carotid artery pulse
26
Q

Describe the S2 heart sound:

A

2nd heart sound

  • occurs with closure of semilunar valves
  • end of systole
27
Q

Describe the cardiac output:

A

the volume of blood in each systole times beats per

minute CO = SV x R

28
Q

Describe stroke volume:

A

the volume of blood in each systol

29
Q

Describe preload:

A

the venous return that builds during diastole
-length in which ventricular muscle is stretched at the end of
diastole just before contraction

30
Q

Describe afterload:

A

the opposing pressure the ventricle must generate to

open the aortic valve against the higher aortic pressure

31
Q

Describe orthopnea:

A

severe dyspnea in which breathing is very difficult in

any position other than sitting erect or standing

32
Q

Describe hemoptysis

A

coughing up blood from the respiratory tract

33
Q

What is nocturia?

A

Excessive urination during the night - occurs with heart

failure in the person who is ambulatory during the day

34
Q

What is a bruit?

A

An abnormal blowing or swishing sound heard on

auscultation of an artery or an organ

35
Q

What is nocturia?

A

Excessive urination during the night - occurs with heart

failure in the person who is ambulatory during the day

36
Q

What is a bruit?

A

An abnormal blowing or swishing sound heard on

auscultation of an artery or an organ

Health Assessment Final (1 decks)

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