Final Test Flashcards
Describe the Aortic valve:
the left semilunar valve separating the left ventricle
and the aorta
Describe the Apex of the heart
tip of the heart pointing down toward the 5th
intercostal space
Describe the Apical impulse
(PMI) pulsation created as the left ventricle rotates
against the chest wall during systole, normally at the 5th left
intercostal space in the midclavicular line
Describe the Base of the heart
broader area of heart’s outline located at the 3rd right and left intercostal space
Describe Cyanosis
dusky blue nottling of the skin and mucous membranes
due to excessive amount of reduced hemoglobin in the blood
Describe Diastole
the heart’s filling phase
What is Edema
swelling of legs or dependent body part due to increased
interstitial fluids
What is Erb’s point
traditional auscultatory area in the 3rd left intercostal
space
When does the First heart sound (S1) occur?
occurs with the closure of the AV valves
signaling the beginning of systole
Describe the Mitral valve:
the left AV valve separating the left atria and ventricle
Describe the Pericardial friction rub
high-pitched, scratchy extracardiac
sound heard when the precordium is inflamed
When does the Second heart sound (S2) occur?
occurs with the closure of the
semilunar valves, aortic and pulmonic, and signals the end of
systole
Describe systole:
the heart’s pumping phase
What is a thrill?
palpable vibration on the chest wall accompanying severe
heart murmur
What is the Tricuspid valve?
right AV valve separating the right atria and
ventricle
What is the precordium?
the area on the anterior chest directly overlying the
heart and great vessels
Describe the apical pulse:
during contraction, apex beats against the chest wall
- normal size: 1 x 2 cm
- increase with anxiety, fever, hyeprthroidism, anemia
Describe the pericardium:
tough, fibrous, double-walled sac that surrounds
and protects the heart
What is the myocardium?
muscular wall of the heart, does the pumping
What is the endocardium?
thin layer of endothelial tissue that lines the inner
surface of the heart chamber and valves
Where is the tricuspid valve located?
right AV valve
Where are the semilunar valves (SL) located?
between the ventricles and arteries,
has 3 cusps
Where are the pulmonic valves located?
SL valves on the right side of the heart
Where are the aortic valve located?
SL valves on the left side of the heart
